DockerFile解析，自定义镜像Tomcat9

Dockerfile是用来构建docker镜像的构建文件，是由一系列命令和参数构成的脚本
构建三步骤：
1、编写dockerfile文件
2、docker build 镜像
3、docker run 容器

DockerFile构建过程解析：

1、Dockerfile内容基础知识
①每条保留字指令都必须为大写字母且后面要跟随至少一个参数
②指令按照从上到下，顺序执行
③#表示注释
④每条指令都会创建一个新的镜像层，并对镜像进行提交
2、Docker执行Dockerfile的大致流程
①docker从基础镜像运行一个容器
②执行一条指令并对容器做出修改
③执行类似docker commit的操作提交一个新的镜像层
④docker再基于刚提交的镜像运行一个新容器
⑤执行dockerfile中的下一条指令直到所有指令都执行完成
3、总结
从应用软件的角度来看，dockerfile、docker镜像与docker容器分别代表软件的三个不同阶段，

• dockerfile是软件的原材料

• docker镜像是软件的交付品

• docker容器则可以认为是软件的运行态。

  Dockerfile面向开发，Docker镜像成为交付标准，Docker容器则涉及部署与运维，三者缺一不可，合力充当Docker体系的基石。
  Dockerfile，需要定义一个Dockerfile，Dockerfile定义了进程需要的一切东西。Dockerfile涉及的内容包括执行代码活着是文件、环境变量、依赖包、运行时环境、动态链接库、操作系统的发行版、服务进程和内核进程（当应用进程需要和系统服务和内核进程打交道，这时需要考虑如何设计namespace的权限控制）等等。
  Docker镜像，在用dockerfile定义一个文件后，docker build时会产生一个Docker镜像，当运行Docker镜像时，会真正开始提供服务。
  Docker容器，容器是直接提供服务的。

DockerFile体系结构（保留字指令）

• FROM 基础镜像，当前新镜像是基于哪个镜像的
• MAINTAINER 镜像维护者的姓名和邮箱地址
• RUN 容器构建时需要运行的命令
• EXPOSE 当前容器对外暴露的端口
• WORKDIR 指定在创建容器后，总段默认登陆的进来工作目录，一个落脚点
• ENV
  ENV MY_PATH /usr/wytest
  这个环境变量可以在后续的任何RUN指令中使用，这就如同在命令前面指定了环境变量前缀一样
  也可以在其他指令中直接使用这些环境变量，比如：WORKDIOR $MY_PATH
• ADD 将宿主机目录下的文件拷贝进镜像且ADD命令会自动处理URL和解压tar压缩包
• COPY 类似ADD，拷贝文件和目录到镜像中，将从构建上下文目录中<源路径>的文件/目录复制到新的一层的镜像内的<目标路径>位置
• VOLUME 容器数据卷，用于数据保存和持久化工作
• CMD 指定一个容器启动时要运行的命令
  Dockerfile中可以有多个CMD指令，但只有最后一个生效，CMD会被docker run 之后的参数替换
• ENTRYPOINT 指定一个容器启动时要运行的命令
  ENTRYPOINT的目的和CMD一样，都是在指定容器启动程序及参数
• ONBUILD 当构建一个被继承的Dockerfile时运行命令，父镜像在被子继承后父镜像的onbuild被触发

案例

Base镜像（scratch） Docker Hub中99%的镜像都是通过在base镜像中安装和配置需要的软件构建出来的
自定义镜像mycentos：
1、编写
Hub默认Centos镜像什么情况

[root@hadoop101 /]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
ghj/centos          latest              ea55868fb6d4        22 hours ago        202MB
atdixin/mytomcat    7.0                 38d1e8f04740        3 days ago          508MB
nginx               latest              f949e7d76d63        5 days ago          126MB
tomcat              latest              8973f493aa0a        9 days ago          508MB
centos              latest              67fa590cfc1c        5 weeks ago         202MB
hello-world         latest              fce289e99eb9        9 months ago        1.84kB
training/webapp     latest              6fae60ef3446        4 years ago         349MB
[root@hadoop101 /]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash
[root@89f6f4831dd9 /]# pwd
/
[root@89f6f4831dd9 /]# vim abc.txt
bash: vim: command not found
[root@89f6f4831dd9 /]# ifconfig
bash: ifconfig: command not found

①初始centos运行该镜像进入默认路径是/
②默认不支持vim和ifconfig
自定义mycentos目的使我们自己的镜像具备如下：
①登陆后的默认路径
②支持vim编辑器和查看网络配置ifconfig支持
准备编写DockerFile文件

[root@hadoop101 /]# cd mydocker/
[root@hadoop101 mydocker]# ll
总用量 4
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 133 9月  29 10:43 Dockerfile
[root@hadoop101 mydocker]# vim Dockerfile2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FROM centos
MAINTAINER ghj.com>

ENV MYPATH /usr/local
WORKDIR $MYPATH

RUN yum -y install vim
RUN yum -y install net-tools

EXPOSE 80

CMD echo $MYPATH
CMD echo "success-------ok"
CMD /bin/bash

myCentos内容DockerFile
2、构建
docker build -t 新镜像名字：TAG.
注意最后有一个. 表示当前目录

[root@hadoop101 mydocker]#  docker build -f /mydocker/Dockerfile2 -t mycentos:1.3 .
Successfully built d9dff72321ec
Successfully tagged mycentos:1.3
[root@hadoop101 mydocker]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
mycentos            1.3                 d9dff72321ec        13 minutes ago      350MB
ghj/centos          latest              ea55868fb6d4        30 hours ago        202MB
atdixin/mytomcat    7.0                 38d1e8f04740        4 days ago          508MB
nginx               latest              f949e7d76d63        5 days ago          126MB
tomcat              latest              8973f493aa0a        10 days ago         508MB
centos              latest              67fa590cfc1c        5 weeks ago         202MB
hello-world         latest              fce289e99eb9        9 months ago        1.84kB
training/webapp     latest              6fae60ef3446        4 years ago         349MB

3、运行

[root@hadoop101 ~]# docker run -it mycentos:1.3
[root@12fb3443ef0f local]# pwd
/usr/local

此时运行容器可以发现，我们通过DockerFile文件配置的ENV 的路径就是运行容器直接进入的路径
4、列出镜像的变更历史

[root@hadoop101 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
mycentos            1.3                 d9dff72321ec        7 days ago          350MB
ghj/centos          latest              ea55868fb6d4        9 days ago          202MB
atdixin/mytomcat    7.0                 38d1e8f04740        11 days ago         508MB
nginx               latest              f949e7d76d63        13 days ago         126MB
tomcat              latest              8973f493aa0a        2 weeks ago         508MB
centos              latest              67fa590cfc1c        6 weeks ago         202MB
hello-world         latest              fce289e99eb9        9 months ago        1.84kB
training/webapp     latest              6fae60ef3446        4 years ago         349MB
[root@hadoop101 ~]# docker history d9dff72321ec
IMAGE               CREATED             CREATED BY                                      SIZE                COMMENT
d9dff72321ec        7 days ago          /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["/bin/sh" "-c" "/bin…   0B                  
3abd63b182b2        7 days ago          /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["/bin/sh" "-c" "echo…   0B                  
8619d9c27954        7 days ago          /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["/bin/sh" "-c" "echo…   0B                  
88c714721366        7 days ago          /bin/sh -c #(nop)  EXPOSE 80                    0B                  
18070c333f54        7 days ago          /bin/sh -c yum -y install net-tools             23.7MB              
53d10d80a787        7 days ago          /bin/sh -c yum -y install vim                   124MB               
73e7f7cff11c        7 days ago          /bin/sh -c #(nop) WORKDIR /usr/local            0B                  
249da334797f        7 days ago          /bin/sh -c #(nop)  ENV MYPATH=/usr/local        0B                  
15c91369a1cc        7 days ago          /bin/sh -c #(nop)  MAINTAINER ghj
67fa590cfc1c        6 weeks ago         /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["/bin/bash"]            0B                  
           6 weeks ago         /bin/sh -c #(nop)  LABEL org.label-schema.sc…   0B                  
           6 weeks ago         /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:4e7247c06de9ad117…   202MB

很明显是根据DockerFile的配置文件逐层加载的。
CMD/ENTRYPOINT镜像案例
都是指定一个容器启动时要运行的命令
CMD：dockerfile中可以有多个CMD指令，但只有最后一个生效，CMD会被docker run 之后的参数替换
Case
在Docker Hub上找到tomcat的DockerFile文件如下

FROM adoptopenjdk:8-jdk-openj9
ENV CATALINA_HOME /usr/local/tomcat
ENV PATH $CATALINA_HOME/bin:$PATH
RUN mkdir -p "$CATALINA_HOME"
WORKDIR $CATALINA_HOME
# let "Tomcat Native" live somewhere isolated
ENV TOMCAT_NATIVE_LIBDIR $CATALINA_HOME/native-jni-lib
ENV LD_LIBRARY_PATH ${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:}$TOMCAT_NATIVE_LIBDIR
# see https://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/KEYS# see also "update.sh" (https://github.com/docker-library/tomcat/blob/master/update.sh)ENV GPG_KEYS 05AB33110949707C93A279E3D3EFE6B686867BA6 07E48665A34DCAFAE522E5E6266191C37C037D42 47309207D818FFD8DCD3F83F1931D684307A10A5 541FBE7D8F78B25E055DDEE13C370389288584E7 61B832AC2F1C5A90F0F9B00A1C506407564C17A3 713DA88BE50911535FE716F5208B0AB1D63011C7 79F7026C690BAA50B92CD8B66A3AD3F4F22C4FED 9BA44C2621385CB966EBA586F72C284D731FABEE A27677289986DB50844682F8ACB77FC2E86E29AC A9C5DF4D22E99998D9875A5110C01C5A2F6059E7 DCFD35E0BF8CA7344752DE8B6FB21E8933C60243 F3A04C595DB5B6A5F1ECA43E3B7BBB100D811BBE F7DA48BB64BCB84ECBA7EE6935CD23C10D498E23
ENV TOMCAT_MAJOR 8
ENV TOMCAT_VERSION 8.5.46
ENV TOMCAT_SHA512 9d6243ec47ec0f431c55a612fa6a8fac00262ed2731640ad98628b275221d3e8e241b2fee748196b64029997f4d9f8e63831b43986fedb88a62381a92b05ca68
RUN set -eux; \	\	savedAptMark="$(apt-mark showmanual)"; \	apt-get update; \	apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \		gnupg dirmngr \		wget ca-certificates \	; \	\	ddist() { \		local f="$1"; shift; \		local distFile="$1"; shift; \		local success=; \		local distUrl=; \		for distUrl in \# https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/INFRA-8753?focusedCommentId=14735394#comment-14735394			'https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi?action=download&filename=' \# if the version is outdated (or we're grabbing the .asc file), we might have to pull from the dist/archive :/			https://www-us.apache.org/dist/ \			https://www.apache.org/dist/ \			https://archive.apache.org/dist/ \		; do \			if wget -O "$f" "$distUrl$distFile" && [ -s "$f" ]; then \				success=1; \				break; \			fi; \		done; \		[ -n "$success" ]; \	}; \	\	ddist 'tomcat.tar.gz' "tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz"; \	echo "$TOMCAT_SHA512 *tomcat.tar.gz" | sha512sum --strict --check -; \	ddist 'tomcat.tar.gz.asc' "tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz.asc"; \	export GNUPGHOME="$(mktemp -d)"; \	for key in $GPG_KEYS; do \		gpg --batch --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys "$key"; \	done; \	gpg --batch --verify tomcat.tar.gz.asc tomcat.tar.gz; \	tar -xf tomcat.tar.gz --strip-components=1; \	rm bin/*.bat; \	rm tomcat.tar.gz*; \	command -v gpgconf && gpgconf --kill all || :; \	rm -rf "$GNUPGHOME"; \	\	nativeBuildDir="$(mktemp -d)"; \	tar -xf bin/tomcat-native.tar.gz -C "$nativeBuildDir" --strip-components=1; \	apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \		dpkg-dev \		gcc \		libapr1-dev \		libssl-dev \		make \	; \	( \		export CATALINA_HOME="$PWD"; \		cd "$nativeBuildDir/native"; \		gnuArch="$(dpkg-architecture --query DEB_BUILD_GNU_TYPE)"; \		aprConfig="$(command -v apr-1-config)"; \		./configure \			--build="$gnuArch" \			--libdir="$TOMCAT_NATIVE_LIBDIR" \			--prefix="$CATALINA_HOME" \			--with-apr="$aprConfig" \			--with-java-home="$JAVA_HOME" \			--with-ssl=yes; \		make -j "$(nproc)"; \		make install; \	); \	rm -rf "$nativeBuildDir"; \	rm bin/tomcat-native.tar.gz; \	\# reset apt-mark's "manual" list so that "purge --auto-remove" will remove all build dependencies	apt-mark auto '.*' > /dev/null; \	[ -z "$savedAptMark" ] || apt-mark manual $savedAptMark > /dev/null; \	find "$TOMCAT_NATIVE_LIBDIR" -type f -executable -exec ldd '{}' ';' \		| awk '/=>/ { print $(NF-1) }' \		| sort -u \		| xargs -r dpkg-query --search \		| cut -d: -f1 \		| sort -u \		| xargs -r apt-mark manual \	; \	apt-get purge -y --auto-remove -o APT::AutoRemove::RecommendsImportant=false; \	rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*; \	\# sh removes env vars it doesn't support (ones with periods)# https://github.com/docker-library/tomcat/issues/77	find ./bin/ -name '*.sh' -exec sed -ri 's|^#!/bin/sh$|#!/usr/bin/env bash|' '{}' +; \	\# fix permissions (especially for running as non-root)# https://github.com/docker-library/tomcat/issues/35	chmod -R +rX .; \	chmod 777 logs temp work
# verify Tomcat Native is working properly
RUN set -e \	&& nativeLines="$(catalina.sh configtest 2>&1)" \	&& nativeLines="$(echo "$nativeLines" | grep 'Apache Tomcat Native')" \	&& nativeLines="$(echo "$nativeLines" | sort -u)" \	&& if ! echo "$nativeLines" | grep 'INFO: Loaded APR based Apache Tomcat Native library' >&2; then \		echo >&2 "$nativeLines"; \		exit 1; \	fi
EXPOSE 8080
CMD ["catalina.sh", "run"]

[root@hadoop101 ~]# docker images tomcat
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
tomcat              latest              8973f493aa0a        2 weeks ago         508MB
[root@hadoop101 ~]# docker run -it -p 7777:8080 tomcat ls -l
total 124
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  19318 Sep 16 18:19 BUILDING.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   5407 Sep 16 18:19 CONTRIBUTING.md
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  57011 Sep 16 18:19 LICENSE
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   1726 Sep 16 18:19 NOTICE
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   3255 Sep 16 18:19 README.md
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   7139 Sep 16 18:19 RELEASE-NOTES
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  16262 Sep 16 18:19 RUNNING.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   4096 Sep 20 01:40 bin
drwxr-sr-x. 2 root root    238 Sep 16 18:19 conf
drwxr-sr-x. 2 root staff    78 Sep 20 01:40 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   4096 Sep 20 01:40 lib
drwxrwxrwx. 2 root root      6 Sep 16 18:17 logs
drwxr-sr-x. 3 root staff   151 Sep 20 01:40 native-jni-lib
drwxrwxrwx. 2 root root     30 Sep 20 01:40 temp
drwxr-xr-x. 7 root root     81 Sep 16 18:17 webapps
drwxrwxrwx. 2 root root      6 Sep 16 18:17 work

此时可以看出执行的路径就是dockerfile中ENV CATALINA_HOME /usr/local/tomcat

[root@hadoop101 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
12fb3443ef0f        mycentos:1.3        "/bin/sh -c /bin/bash"   2 hours ago         Up 2 hours          80/tcp              beautiful_volhard

然而ps发现tomcat并没有起，因为ls -l的命令覆盖了DockerFile中的CMD [“catalina.sh”, “run”]
ENTRYPOINT：docker run 之后得参数会被当做参数传递给ENTRYPOINT，之后形成新的命令组合
Case：
制作CMD版可以查询IP信息得容器

[root@hadoop101 /]# cd mydocker/
[root@hadoop101 mydocker]# ll
总用量 8
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 133 9月  29 10:43 Dockerfile
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 214 9月  30 16:10 Dockerfile2
[root@hadoop101 mydocker]# vim Dockerfile3
FROM centos
RUN yum install -y curl
CMD ["curl","-s","https://ip.cn"]
[root@hadoop101 mydocker]# docker build -f /mydocker/Dockerfile3 -t myip .
[root@hadoop101 ~]# docker images myip
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
myip                latest              07ad4fcefbba        4 minutes ago       276MB
[root@hadoop101 mydocker]# docker run -it myip
{"ip": "218.24.66.234", "country": "辽宁省沈阳市", "city": "联通"} 

curl命令可以用来执行下载、发送各种HTTP请求，指定HTTP头部等操作。
如果系统没有curl可以使用yum install curl安装，也可以下载安装。
curl是将下载文件输出到stdout
使用命令：curl http://www.baidu.com
执行后，www.baidu.com的html就会显示在屏幕上了
这是最简单的使用方法。用这个命令获得了http://curl.haxx.se指向的页面，同样，如果这里的URL指向的是一个文件或者一幅图都可以直接下载到本地。如果下载的是HTML文档，那么缺省的将只显示文件头部，即HTML文档的header。要全部显示，请加参数-i。

问题：如果我们希望显示HTTP显示头信息，就需要加上-i参数

[root@hadoop101 mydocker]# curl -i https://ip.cn
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Tue, 08 Oct 2019 07:13:51 GMT
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Connection: keep-alive
Set-Cookie: __cfduid=d51fb1433051d9bb83dca8ad9bf3749491570518831; expires=Wed, 07-Oct-20 07:13:51 GMT; path=/; domain=.ip.cn; HttpOnly
CF-Cache-Status: DYNAMIC
Expect-CT: max-age=604800, report-uri="https://report-uri.cloudflare.com/cdn-cgi/beacon/expect-ct"
Server: cloudflare
CF-RAY: 52265088dba6d392-LAX
{"ip": "218.24.66.234", "country": "辽宁省沈阳市", "city": "联通"}
[root@hadoop101 mydocker]# docker run myip -i
docker: Error response from daemon: OCI runtime create failed: container_linux.go:345: starting container process caused "exec: \"-i\": executable file not found in $PATH": unknown.

Why？我们可以看到可执行文件找不到的报错，executable file not found之前我们说过，跟在镜像后面的是command，运行时会替换CMD的默认值。因此这里的-i替换了原来的CMD，而不是添加在原来的curl -s http://ip.cn后面。而-i根本不是命令，所以自然找不到。那么如果我们希望加入-i这参数，我们就必须重新完整的输入这个命令：

[root@hadoop101 mydocker]# docker run myip curl -s http://ip.cn -i

制作ENTRYPOINT版查询IP信息得容器

[root@hadoop101 mydocker]# vim Dockerfile4
FROM centos
RUN yum install -y curl
ENTRYPOINT ["curl","-s","https://ip.cn"]
[root@hadoop101 mydocker]# docker build -f /mydocker/Dockerfile4 -t myip2 .
[root@hadoop101 mydocker]# docker run myip2 -i

此时就不会再报错。
下面介绍的是继承

[root@hadoop101 mydocker]# vim Dockerfile4
FROM centos
RUN yum install -y curl
CMD ["curl","-s","https://ip.cn"]
ONBUILD RUN echo "father images onbuild---------886"
[root@hadoop101 mydocker]# docker build -f /mydocker/Dockerfile4 -t myip_father .
Sending build context to Docker daemon  7.168kB
Step 1/4 : FROM centos
 ---> 67fa590cfc1c
Step 2/4 : RUN yum install -y curl
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 5a49cc28a490
Step 3/4 : ENTRYPOINT ["curl","-s","https://ip.cn"]
 ---> Using cache
 ---> f9cf5df7c0f5
Step 4/4 : ONBUILD RUN echo "father images onbuild---------886"
 ---> Running in 9f9e77c00e27
Removing intermediate container 9f9e77c00e27
 ---> eb89c741f944
Successfully built eb89c741f944
Successfully tagged myip_father:latest
[root@hadoop101 mydocker]# vim Dockerfile5
FROM myip_father
RUN yum install -y curl
CMD ["curl","-s","https://ip.cn"]
[root@hadoop101 mydocker]# docker build -f /mydocker/Dockerfile5 -t myip_son .
Sending build context to Docker daemon  8.192kB
Step 1/3 : FROM myip_father
# Executing 1 build trigger
 ---> Running in b7152c74c107
father images onbuild---------886
Removing intermediate container b7152c74c107
 ---> 62a88bd9a34f
Step 2/3 : RUN yum install -y curl
 ---> Running in 3b75719030f3
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Package curl-7.29.0-54.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do
Removing intermediate container 3b75719030f3
 ---> 0db722fd1b51
Step 3/3 : CMD ["curl","-s","https://ip.cn"]
 ---> Running in 932472dc8a63
Removing intermediate container 932472dc8a63
 ---> bce3f7f4efcd
Successfully built bce3f7f4efcd
Successfully tagged myip_son:latest

自定义镜像Tomcat9
第一步：mkdir -p /ghj/mydockerfile/tomcat9

[root@hadoop101 ~]# mkdir -p /ghj/mydockerfile/tomcat9
[root@hadoop101 /]# cd /ghj/mydockerfile/tomcat9/

第二步：在上述目录下touch.txt

[root@hadoop101 tomcat9]# touch c.txt
[root@hadoop101 tomcat9]# ll
总用量 0
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 10月  8 16:19 c.txt

第三步：将jdk和tomcat安装的压缩包拷贝进上一步目录

[root@hadoop101 tomcat9]# ll
总用量 197352
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  12326996 10月  8 16:45 apache-tomcat-9.0.26.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root         0 10月  8 16:19 c.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root         0 10月  8 16:59 Dockerfile
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 189756259 10月  8 16:45 jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz

第四步：在/ghj/mydockerfile/tomcat9目录下新建Dockerfile文件

[root@hadoop101 tomcat9]# vim Dockerfile 
FROM centos
MAINTAINER ghj.com>
#把宿主机当前上下文的c.txt拷贝到容器/usr/local/路径下
COPY c.txt /usr/local/cincontainer.txt
#把java与tomcat添加到容器中
ADD apache-tomcat-9.0.26.tar.gz /usr/local/
ADD jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/local/
#安装vim编辑器
RUN yum -y install vim
#设置工作访问时候的WORKDIR路径，登录落脚点
ENV MYPATH /usr/local
WORKDIR $MYPATH
#配置java与tomcat环境变量 
ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_161
ENV CLASSPATH $JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
ENV CATALINA_HOME /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.26
ENV CATALINA_BASE /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.26
ENV PATH $PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$CATALINA_HOME/lib:$CATALINA_HOME/bin
#容器运行时监听的端口
EXPOSE 8080
#启动时运行tomcat
#ENTRYPOINT ["usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.26/bin/startup.sh"]
#CMD ["usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.26/bin/catalina,sh","run"]
CMD /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.26/bin/startup.sh && tail -F /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.26/bin/logs/catalina.out
[root@hadoop101 tomcat9]# docker build -t ghjtomcat9 .
[root@hadoop101 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED              SIZE
ghjtomcat9          latest              d824ff2c00c6        About a minute ago   732MB
myip_son            latest              bce3f7f4efcd        23 hours ago         277MB
myip_father         latest              eb89c741f944        23 hours ago         276MB
myip2               latest              f9cf5df7c0f5        24 hours ago         276MB
myip                latest              166ac61dcd1b        24 hours ago         276MB
mycentos            1.3                 d9dff72321ec        8 days ago           350MB
ghj/centos          latest              ea55868fb6d4        10 days ago          202MB
atdixin/mytomcat    7.0                 38d1e8f04740        13 days ago          508MB
nginx               latest              f949e7d76d63        2 weeks ago          126MB
tomcat              latest              8973f493aa0a        2 weeks ago          508MB
centos              latest              67fa590cfc1c        7 weeks ago          202MB
hello-world         latest              fce289e99eb9        9 months ago         1.84kB
training/webapp     latest              6fae60ef3446        4 years ago          349MB

第六步：RUN

[root@hadoop101 ~]# docker run -d -p 9080:8080 --name myt9 -v /ghj/mydockerfile/tomcat9/test:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.26/webapps/test -v /ghj/mydockerfile/tomcat9/tomcat9logs/:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.26/logs --privileged=true ghjtomcat9
55f550de949f063ec987fa678e1acc6e4692400405f1316912019297541ba4bd
[root@hadoop101 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES
55f550de949f        ghjtomcat9          "/bin/sh -c '/usr/lo…"   7 seconds ago       Up 6 seconds        0.0.0.0:9080->8080/tcp   myt9
[root@hadoop101 ~]# docker exec 55f550de949f ls -l
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  45 Oct  9 07:02 apache-tomcat-9.0.26
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 11  2018 bin
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   0 Oct  8 08:19 cincontainer.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 11  2018 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 11  2018 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 11  2018 include
drwxr-xr-x. 8   10  143 255 Dec 20  2017 jdk1.8.0_161
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 11  2018 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 11  2018 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 11  2018 libexec
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 11  2018 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root  49 Aug  1 01:09 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 11  2018 src
[root@hadoop101 tomcat9]# docker exec 55f550de949f ls -l /usr/local
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  45 Oct  9 07:02 apache-tomcat-9.0.26
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 11  2018 bin
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   0 Oct  8 08:19 cincontainer.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 11  2018 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 11  2018 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 11  2018 include
drwxr-xr-x. 8   10  143 255 Dec 20  2017 jdk1.8.0_161
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 11  2018 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 11  2018 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 11  2018 libexec
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 11  2018 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root  49 Aug  1 01:09 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 11  2018 src

第七步：验证

第八步：结合前述的容器卷将测试的web服务test发布

[root@hadoop101 tomcat9]# ll
总用量 197356
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  12326996 10月  8 16:45 apache-tomcat-9.0.26.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root         0 10月  8 16:19 c.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root      1033 10月  9 15:00 Dockerfile
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 189756259 10月  8 16:45 jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 10月  9 15:06 test
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root       197 10月  9 15:06 tomcat9logs
[root@hadoop101 tomcat9]# docker exec 55f550de949f java -version
java version "1.8.0_161"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_161-b12)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.161-b12, mixed mode)

总体概述：

[root@hadoop101 tomcat9]# cd test/
[root@hadoop101 test]# pwd
/ghj/mydockerfile/tomcat9/test

web.xml

[root@hadoop101 test]# mkdir WEB-INF
[root@hadoop101 test]# cd WEB-INF/
[root@hadoop101 WEB-INF]# vim web.xml
"1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
 id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">

  -name>test</display-name>
</web-app>  

a.jsp

[root@hadoop101 WEB-INF]# cd ..
[root@hadoop101 test]# ll
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 32 10月  9 15:42 WEB-INF
[root@hadoop101 test]# vim a.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">


    -equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8">