Ansible自动化部署k8s-1.16 集群

一、Ansible自动化部署k8s二进制集群
Ansible是一种IT自动化工具。它可以配置系统,部署软件以及协调更高级的IT任务,例如持续部署,滚动更新。Ansible适用于管理企业IT基础设施。 这里我通过Ansible来实现Kubernetes v1.16 高可用集群自动部署(离线版) (但是还是需要网络,因为这里需要去部署flannel,coredns,ingress,dashboard插件,需要拉取镜像

Ansible自动化部署k8s-1.16 集群
二、介绍
使用ansible自动化部署k8s集群(支持单master,多master)离线版
软件架构
2.1、软件架构说明
2.1.1、单master架构
Ansible自动化部署k8s-1.16 集群_第1张图片
2.1.2、多master架构
Ansible自动化部署k8s-1.16 集群_第2张图片
三、安装教程
3.1、环境说明:(单master)

192.168.33.151   ansible-server
192.168.33.161   k8s-master-1
192.168.33.162   k8s-node-1
192.168.33.163   k8s-node-2

3.2、使用说明

单master,4c,8g,(1台master,2台node,1台ansible)
多master,4c,8g,(2台master,2台node,1台ansible,2台nginx)
如果部署的是多master主机,那么需要在nginx上再跑1个keepalived,如果是云主机可以拿slb来补充

3.3、安装ansible

yum install epel-release -y
yum install git ansible -y

3.4、ssh免密钥配置(ansible机器到所有机器)

ssh-keygen -t rsa -P ''
ssh-copy-id -i 192.168.33.151
ssh-copy-id -i 192.168.33.161
ssh-copy-id -i 192.168.33.162
ssh-copy-id -i 192.168.33.163

3.5、同步所有节点系统时间

ntpdate -u ntp.api.bz     #所有节点操作

四、自动化脚本说明

  1. 系统初始化
    1.1、关闭selinux,firewalld
    1.2、关闭swap
    1.3、时间同步
    1.4、写hosts
  2. Etcd集群部署
    2.1、生成etcd证书
    2.2、部署三个etcd集群
    2.3、查看集群状态
  3. 部署Master
    3.1、生成apiserver证书
    3.2、部署apiserver、controller-manager和scheduler组件
    3.3、启动TLS Bootstrapping
  4. 部署Node
    4.1、安装Docker
    4.2、部署kubelet和kube-proxy
    4.3、在Master上允许为新Node颁发证书
    4.4、授权apiserver访问kubelet
  5. 部署插件(准备好镜像)
    5.1、lannel
    5.2、Web UI
    5.3、CoreDNS
    5.4、Ingress Controller
  6. Master高可用
    6.1、增加Master节点(与Master1一致)
    6.2、部署Nginx负载均衡器
    6.3、Nginx+Keepalived高可用
    6.4、修改Node连接VIP
  7. 自动化扩容node节点
    7.1、触发新增Node,要知道要不要去增加一个节点
    7.2、调用Ansible脚本部署组件,怎么去准备好这个节点,这台新机器有没有准备好,有没有部署这些组件
    7.3、检查服务是否可用,新加入的组件查看是否是正常的
    7.4、调用API将新Node加入集群或者启用Node自动加入
    7.5、观察新Node状态,进行监控,对于新节点观察,运行的日志,资源状态。
    7.6、完成Node扩容,接收新Pod

五、下载部署文件
5.1、下载Ansible部署文件及镜像文件

git clone [email protected]:ljx321/ansible_deployment_k8s.git

说明:下载的时候请将你的公钥发给我 vx:ljx97609760

下载二进制包:

链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1Xh1eocWwGdiOGs7KVaeDdw 提取码: fy68

5.2、解压文件

tar zxf binary_pkg.tar.gz

说明:将两个文件都解压到ansible服务器上,我的工作目录是在/opt/下,将解压的目录都放在/opt下
修改hosts文件,指定部署是单master,还是多master,以及group_var下的all的变量,将ip指定需要修改的

5.3、修改Ansible文件
修改hosts文件,根据规划修改对应IP和名称。

[root@ansible-server ansible-install-k8s]# cat hosts 
[master]
# 如果部署单Master,只保留一个Master节点
# 默认Naster节点也部署Node组件
192.168.33.161 node_name=k8s-master-1
#192.168.33.162 node_name=k8s-master2

[node]
192.168.33.162 node_name=k8s-node-1
192.168.33.163 node_name=k8s-node-2

[etcd]
192.168.33.161 etcd_name=etcd-1
192.168.33.162 etcd_name=etcd-2
192.168.33.163 etcd_name=etcd-3

#[lb]
# 如果部署单Master,该项忽略
#192.168.33.163 lb_name=lb-master
#192.168.33.171 lb_name=lb-backup

[k8s:children]
master
node

#[newnode]
#192.168.33.191 node_name=k8s-node3

修改group_vars/all.yml文件,修改nic网卡地址和证书可信任IP

vim group_vars/all.yml
nic: eth0    根据自己的网卡去写
k8s:信任的ip

5.4、一键部署
5.4.1、单Master版

ansible-playbook -i hosts single-master-deploy.yml -uroot -k

5.4.2、多Master版:

ansible-playbook -i hosts multi-master-deploy.yml -uroot -k

5.5、部署控制

如果安装某个阶段失败,可针对性测试.

例如:只运行部署插件

ansible-playbook -i hosts single-master-deploy.yml -uroot -k --tags master

5.6、部署单master完效果

[root@k8s-master-1 ~]# kubectl get node
NAME          STATUS   ROLES    AGE    VERSION
k8s-master-1   Ready       5d8h   v1.16.0
k8s-node-1     Ready       5d8h   v1.16.0
k8s-node-2     Ready       5d8h   v1.16.0
[root@k8s-master-1 ~]# kubectl get cs
NAME                 AGE
controller-manager   
scheduler            
etcd-2               
etcd-0               
etcd-1               
[root@k8s-master-1 ~]# kubectl get pod,svc -A
NAMESPACE              NAME                                             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
ingress-nginx          pod/nginx-ingress-controller-8zp8r               1/1     Running   0          2d3h
ingress-nginx          pod/nginx-ingress-controller-bfgj6               1/1     Running   0          2d3h
ingress-nginx          pod/nginx-ingress-controller-n5k22               1/1     Running   0          2d3h
kube-system            pod/coredns-59fb8d54d6-n6m5w                     1/1     Running   0          2d3h
kube-system            pod/kube-flannel-ds-amd64-jwvw6                  1/1     Running   0          2d3h
kube-system            pod/kube-flannel-ds-amd64-m92sg                  1/1     Running   0          2d3h
kube-system            pod/kube-flannel-ds-amd64-xwf2h                  1/1     Running   0          2d3h
kubernetes-dashboard   pod/dashboard-metrics-scraper-566cddb686-smw6p   1/1     Running   0          2d3h
kubernetes-dashboard   pod/kubernetes-dashboard-c4bc5bd44-zgd82         1/1     Running   0          2d3h

NAMESPACE              NAME                                TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)          AGE
default                service/kubernetes                  ClusterIP   10.0.0.1             443/TCP          2d3h
ingress-nginx          service/ingress-nginx               ClusterIP   10.0.0.22            80/TCP,443/TCP   2d3h
kube-system            service/kube-dns                    ClusterIP   10.0.0.2             53/UDP,53/TCP    2d3h
kubernetes-dashboard   service/dashboard-metrics-scraper   ClusterIP   10.0.0.176           8000/TCP         2d3h
kubernetes-dashboard   service/kubernetes-dashboard        NodePort    10.0.0.72            443:30001/TCP    2d3h

5.7、部署完多master效果

[root@k8s-master-1 ~]# kubectl get node
NAME          STATUS   ROLES    AGE     VERSION
k8s-master1   Ready       6m18s   v1.16.0
k8s-master2   Ready       6m17s   v1.16.0
k8s-node1     Ready       6m10s   v1.16.0
k8s-node2     Ready       6m16s   v1.16.0
[root@k8s-master-1 ~]# kubectl get cs
NAME                 AGE
controller-manager   
scheduler            
etcd-2               
etcd-1               
etcd-0               
[root@k8s-master-1 ~]# kubectl get pod,svc -A
NAMESPACE              NAME                                             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
ingress-nginx          pod/nginx-ingress-controller-4nf6j               1/1     Running   0          45s
ingress-nginx          pod/nginx-ingress-controller-5fknt               1/1     Running   0          45s
ingress-nginx          pod/nginx-ingress-controller-lwbkz               1/1     Running   0          45s
ingress-nginx          pod/nginx-ingress-controller-v8k8n               1/1     Running   0          45s
kube-system            pod/coredns-59fb8d54d6-959xj                     1/1     Running   0          6m44s
kube-system            pod/kube-flannel-ds-amd64-2hnzq                  1/1     Running   0          6m31s
kube-system            pod/kube-flannel-ds-amd64-64hqc                  1/1     Running   0          6m25s
kube-system            pod/kube-flannel-ds-amd64-p9d8w                  1/1     Running   0          6m32s
kube-system            pod/kube-flannel-ds-amd64-pchp5                  1/1     Running   0          6m33s
kubernetes-dashboard   pod/dashboard-metrics-scraper-566cddb686-kf4qq   1/1     Running   0          32s
kubernetes-dashboard   pod/kubernetes-dashboard-c4bc5bd44-dqfb8         1/1     Running   0          32s

NAMESPACE              NAME                                TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)          AGE
default                service/kubernetes                  ClusterIP   10.0.0.1             443/TCP          19m
ingress-nginx          service/ingress-nginx               ClusterIP   10.0.0.53            80/TCP,443/TCP   45s
kube-system            service/kube-dns                    ClusterIP   10.0.0.2             53/UDP,53/TCP    6m47s
kubernetes-dashboard   service/dashboard-metrics-scraper   ClusterIP   10.0.0.147           8000/TCP         32s
kubernetes-dashboard   service/kubernetes-dashboard        NodePort    10.0.0.176           443:30001/TCP    32s

5.8、扩容Node节点
模拟扩容node节点,由于我的资源过多,导致无法分配,出现pending的状态

[root@k8s-master-1 ~]# kubectl run web --image=nginx --replicas=8 --requests="cpu=1,memory=256Mi"
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get pod
NAME                  READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
web-944cddf48-6qhcl   1/1     Running   0          15m
web-944cddf48-7ldsv   1/1     Running   0          15m
web-944cddf48-7nv9p   0/1     Pending   0          2s
web-944cddf48-b299n   1/1     Running   0          15m
web-944cddf48-nsxgg   0/1     Pending   0          15m
web-944cddf48-pl4zt   1/1     Running   0          15m
web-944cddf48-t8fqt   1/1     Running   0          15m

现在的状态就是pod由于资源池不够,无法分配资源到当前的节点上了,所以现在我们需要对我们的node节点进行扩容
六、执行playbook,指定新的节点

[root@ansible-server ansible-install-k8s-master]# ansible-playbook -i hosts add-node.yml -uroot -k

6.1、查看已经收到加入node的请求,并运行通过

[root@k8s-master-1 ~]# kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE   REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-0i7BzFaf8NyG_cdx_hqDmWg8nd4FHQOqIxKa45x3BJU   45m   kubelet-bootstrap   Approved,Issued

6.2、查看node节点状态

[root@k8s-master-1 ~]# kubectl get node
NAME          STATUS   ROLES    AGE     VERSION
k8s-master-1   Ready       7d      v1.16.0
k8s-node-1     Ready       7d      v1.16.0
k8s-node-2     Ready       7d      v1.16.0
k8s-node-3     Ready       2m52s   v1.16.0

6.3、查看pod资源已经自动分配上新节点上

[root@k8s-master-1 ~]# kubectl get pod
NAME                  READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
web-944cddf48-6qhcl   1/1     Running   0          80m
web-944cddf48-7ldsv   1/1     Running   0          80m
web-944cddf48-7nv9p   1/1     Running   0          65m
web-944cddf48-b299n   1/1     Running   0          80m
web-944cddf48-nsxgg   1/1     Running   0          80m
web-944cddf48-pl4zt   1/1     Running   0          80m
web-944cddf48-t8fqt   1/1     Running   0          80m

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