vim配置入门，到豪华版vim配置

       这几天一直研究vim的配置，许多版本总是不尽如人意，网上确实有许多优秀的文章值得参考，我的博客后面会贴上具有参考价值的博客链接，本文的将手把手教你配置一个功能详尽的vim.

       首先你要明白的是linux下一切皆文件的思想，因此vim的配置文件.vimrc中的内容就决定了你的vim的功能。对于新手来说首先你要做的是保证你的linux（或者是centOs）能够连上网。我当时是这样解决的。

流程如下

1)点击 VM->Settings Hardware选项卡下面

 2）点击Network Adapter 设置如下图所示，首先我们在虚拟机中将网络配置设置成NAT，

3、进入Windows操作系统，然后右键点击我们的电脑，进入到管理界面  计算机-> 管理->服务和应用程序->服务，找到如下服务进程 VMware DHCP Service, VMware NAT Service。 分别点击右键->启动

二、下载并安装vim。

从官方网站ftp://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/unix/中选择一个版本下载，我这里使用的是vim-7.4.tar.bz2centos安装vim7.4
 
系统版本centos6.4;
root权限
su - root 
 
卸载（当然你也可以不用卸载）
$ rpm -qa | grep vim
$ yum remove vim vim-enhanced vim-common vim-minimal  
 
下载、解压
$ wget ftp://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/unix/vim-7.4.tar.bz2  
$ wget ftp://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/extra/vim-7.2-extra.tar.gz
$ wget ftp://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/extra/vim-7.2-lang.tar.gz
$  
$ tar jxvf vim-7.4.tar.bz2  
$ tar zxvf vim-7.2-extra.tar.gz  
$ tar zxvf vim-7.2-lang.tar.gz  
$  
$ mv vim72 vim74  
 
 
安装编译环境
$ yum install ncurses-devel  
$ yum install gcc
 
编译安装
$ cd vim74/src  
$ ./configure --enable-multibyte \--with-features=huge \--disable-selinux  
$ make  
$ make install  
 
测试
   
$ vim --version  
VIM - Vi IMproved 7.4

三、接下来我们开始配置vim

1.下查看~/目录下有没有一个.vimrc的文件，如果没有自己在当前目录创建一个。

2.需要说明的是在root目录下的.vimrc对所有用户生效。你也可以在每个用户下单独配置个性化.vimrc.

3.以下是我配置的vim截图

4.vim的功能实际上是由配置文件和插件共同决定的，这里我提供一份配置文件源码。大家复制到自己的.vimrc文件中即可。方法是先复制到剪贴板然后打开cd ~/.vimrc,拷贝进去就好了。保存按：

sheft+:  w

退出输入：q

5.源码如下：

 set helplang=cn
 set encoding=utf-8
 set cscopequickfix=s-,c-,d-,i-,t-,e-
 nmap s :cs find s =expand("")
 nmap g :cs find g =expand("")
 nmap c :cs find c =expand("")
 nmap t :cs find t =expand("")
 nmap e :cs find e =expand("")
 nmap f :cs find f =expand("")
 nmap i :cs find i ^=expand("")$
 nmap d :cs find d =expand("")
 let g:miniBufExplMapCTabSwitchBufs = 1
 let g:miniBufExplMapWindowNavVim = 1
 let g:miniBufExplMapWindowNavArrows = 1
 nnoremap   :A
 nnoremap   :Grep
 let g:SuperTabRetainCompletionType=2
 let g:SuperTabDefaultCompletionType=""
 " 自动语法高亮
  syntax on
 " 检测文件类型
 filetype on
 " 检测文件类型插件
 filetype plugin on
 " 不设定在插入状态无法用退格键和 Delete 键删除回车符
 set backspace=indent,eol,start
 set whichwrap+=<,>,h,l
 " 显示行号
 set number
 " 上下可视行数
 set scrolloff=6
 " replace tab with space
 set expandtab
 " 设定 tab 长度为 4
 set tabstop=4
 " 设置按BackSpace的时候可以一次删除掉4个空格
 set softtabstop=4
 " 设定 << 和 >> 命令移动时的宽度为 4
 set shiftwidth=4
 set smarttab
 set history=1024
 " 不突出显示当前行
 set nocursorline
 " 覆盖文件时不备份
 set nobackup
 " 自动切换当前目录为当前文件所在的目录
 set autochdir
 " 搜索时忽略大小写，但在有一个或以上大写字母时仍大小写敏感
 set ignorecase
 set smartcase
 " 搜索到文件两端时不重新搜索
 set nowrapscan
 " 实时搜索
 set incsearch
 " 搜索时高亮显示被找到的文本
 set hlsearch
 " 关闭错误声音
 set noerrorbells
 set novisualbell
 "set t_vb=

 " 不自动换行
 "set nowrap
 "How many tenths of a second to blink
 set mat=2
 " 允许在有未保存的修改时切换缓冲区，此时的修改由 vim 负责保存
 set hidden
 " 智能自动缩进
 set smartindent
 " 设定命令行的行数为 1
 set cmdheight=1
 " 显示状态栏 (默认值为 1, 无法显示状态栏)
 set laststatus=2
 "显示括号配对情况
 set showmatch

 " 解决自动换行格式下, 如高度在折行之后超过窗口高度结果这一行看不到的问题
 set display=lastline
 " 设定配色方案
 colorscheme evening
 " 设置在状态行显示的信息
 set statusline=\ %<%F[%1*%M%*%n%R%H]%=\ %y\ %0(%{&fileformat}\ [%{(&fenc==\"\"?&enc:&fenc).(&bomb?\",BOM\":\"\")}]\ %c:%l/%L%)

 " 显示Tab符
 set list
 set listchars=tab:\|\ ,trail:.,extends:>,precedes:<
 "启动时不显示 捐赠提示
 set shortmess=atl

 "blank      空白
 "buffers    缓冲区
 "curdir     当前目录
 "folds      折叠
 "help       帮助
 "options    选项
 "tabpages   选项卡
 "winsize    窗口大小
 "slash      转换文件路径中的\为/以使session文件兼容unix
 "unix       设置session文件中的换行模式为unix
 set sessionoptions=blank,buffers,curdir,folds,help,options,tabpages,winsize,slash,unix,resize

 " 允许backspace和光标键跨越行边界
 set whichwrap+=<,>,h,l
 " backspace
 set backspace=eol,start,indent

 " 可以在buffer的任何地方使用鼠标（类似office中在工作区双击鼠标定位）
 set mouse=a
 set selection=exclusive
 set selectmode=mouse,key

 " 在被分割的窗口间显示空白，便于阅读
 set fillchars=vert:\ ,stl:\ ,stlnc:\

 " 高亮显示匹配的括号
 set showmatch

 " 匹配括号高亮的时间（单位是十分之一秒）
 set matchtime=5

 "编码设置
 set enc=utf-8
 set fencs=utf-8,ucs-bom,shift-jis,gb18030,gbk,gb2312,cp936

 " set mapleader
 let mapleader=","

 nmap J 5j
 nmap K 5k

 " Ctrl+a
 nmap   ggvG$

 " 选中状态下 Ctrl+c 复制
 vnoremap  "+y

 " Ctrl+v
 nmap   "+p

 " 窗口切换
 nnoremap  h
 nnoremap  l
 nnoremap  j
 nnoremap  k

 " 插入模式下上下左右移动光标
 inoremap
 inoremap
 inoremap  gj
 inoremap  gk

 " Ctrl+s
 " If the current buffer has never been saved, it will have no name,
 " call the file browser to save it, otherwise just save it.
 "nnoremap   :if expand("%") == ""browse confirm welseconfirm wendif
 "imap
 " Use CTRL-S for saving, also in Insert mode
 nmap  :update
 vmap  :update
 imap  :update

 " C++的编译和运行
 "map  :call CompileRunGpp()
 "func! CompileRunGpp()
 "exec "w"
 "exec "!g++ % -o %<"
 "exec "! ./%<"
 "endfunc
 map  :call RunGpp()
 func! RunGpp()
 exec "w"
 exec "! ./%<"
 endfunc

 "vim plugin setting

 "======================"
 set tags=tags
 set tags+=~/.vim/my-tags/tags
 set tags+=~/.vim/my-tags/stl-tags
 set tags+=~/.vim/my-tags/sys-tags
 set autochdir
 "Update ctags
 map   :!ctags -R --c++-kinds=+p --fields=+iaS --extra=+q

 """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""
    " Tag list (ctags)
 """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""
 "if MySys() == "windows"                "设定windows系统中ctags程序的位置
 "   let Tlist_Ctags_Cmd = 'ctags'
 "elseif MySys() == "linux"              "设定Linux系统中ctags程序的位置
    let Tlist_Ctags_Cmd = '/home/sphinx/.vim/ctags-5.8/ctags'
 "endif

 let Tlist_Show_One_File = 1            "不同时显示多个文件的tag，只显示当前文件的
 let Tlist_Exit_OnlyWindow = 1          "如果taglist窗口是最后一个窗口，则退出vim
 let Tlist_Use_Right_Window = 0         "在右侧窗口中显示taglist窗口
 let Tlist_OnlyWindow=1

 "let Tlist_Use_Right_Window=0
 "let Tlist_Sort_Type='name'
 "let Tlist_Show_Menu=1
 "let Tlist_Max_Submenu_Items=10
 "let Tlist_Max_Tag_length=16     "20
 "let Tlist_Use_SingleClick=0
 "let Tlist_Auto_Open=0
 "let Tlist_Close_On_Select=0
 "let Tlist_File_Fold_Auto_Close=1
 "let Tlist_GainFocus_On_ToggleOpen=0
 "let Tlist_Process_File_Always=1
 "let Tlist_WinHeight=10
 "let Tlist_WinWidth=18
 "let Tlist_Use_Horiz_Window=0

 let Tlist_Auto_Highlight_Tag = 1
 "let Tlist_Auto_Open = 1
 let Tlist_Auto_Update = 1
 let Tlist_Close_On_Select = 0
 let Tlist_Compact_Format = 0
 let Tlist_Display_Prototype = 0
 let Tlist_Display_Tag_Scope = 1
 let Tlist_Enable_Fold_Column = 0
 let Tlist_File_Fold_Auto_Close = 0
 let Tlist_GainFocus_On_ToggleOpen = 1
 let Tlist_Hightlight_Tag_On_BufEnter = 1
 let Tlist_Inc_Winwidth = 0
 let Tlist_Max_Submenu_Items = 1
 let Tlist_Max_Tag_Length = 30
 let Tlist_Process_File_Always = 0
 let Tlist_Show_Menu = 0
 let Tlist_Sort_Type = "order"
 let Tlist_Use_Horiz_Window = 0
 let Tlist_WinWidth = 31

 map  :TlistOpen

 "OMNI
 "omnicppcoplete
 "-- omnicppcomplete setting --
 set completeopt=menu,menuone
 let OmniCpp_MayCompleteDot = 1
 " autocomplete with .
 let OmniCpp_MayCompleteArrow = 1
 " autocomplete with ->
 let OmniCpp_MayCompleteScope = 1
 " autocomplete with ::
 let OmniCpp_SelectFirstItem = 2
 " select first item (but don't insert)
 let OmniCpp_NamespaceSearch = 2
 " search namespaces in this and included files
 let OmniCpp_ShowPrototypeInAbbr = 1
 " show function prototype in popup window
 let OmniCpp_GlobalScopeSearch=1
 let OmniCpp_DisplayMode=1
 let OmniCpp_DefaultNamespaces=["std"]
 set nocp
 filetype plugin on

 "WinManager
 let g:winManagerWindowLayout='FileExplorer|TagList'
 "let g:winManagerWindowLayout='FileExplorer|BufExplorer|TagList'
 let g:persistentBehaviour=0
 let g:winManagerWidth=20
 let g:defaultExplorer=1
 nmap wm :WMToggle

 "QuickFix
 nmap  :cn
 nmap  :cp

 "MiniBufExplorer
 "let g:miniBufExplMapWindowNavVim = 1
 "let g:miniBufExplMapWindowNavArrows = 1
 let g:miniBufExplModSelTarget = 1
 let g:miniBufExplorerMoreThanOne = 2
 let g:miniBufExplModSelTarget = 0
 let g:miniBufExplUseSingleClick = 1
 let g:miniBufExplMapWindowNavVim = 1
 let g:miniBufExplVSplit = 15    "25
 let g:miniBufExplSplitBelow=1

 let g:bufExplorerSortBy = "name"

 autocmd BufRead,BufNew :call UMiniBufExplorer

 map u :TMiniBufExplorer


 "AutoClose
 "let g:AutoClosePairs = {'(': ')', '{': '}', '[': ']', '"': '"', "'": "'"}
 let g:AutoClosePairs = {'(': ')', '{': '}', '[': ']', '"': '"', "'": "'"}
 """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
 "   Maintainer:
 "   "       Geek SphinX
 "   "       [email protected]
 "   "
 "   "   Version:
 "   "       1.0 - Thu Nov  1 17:21:44 CST 2012
 "   "
 "   """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

 " Sets how many lines of history VIM has to remember
 " set history=1024
 "
 " " Auto syntax highlight
 " set syntax=on
 "
 " " Check file format
 " filetype on
 "
 " " Enable filetype plugins
 " filetype plugin on
 " filetype indent on
 "
 " " Sets non VI compatible mode
 " set nocompatible
 "
 " " Set to auto read when a file is changed from the outside
 " set autoread
 "
 " " With a map leader it's possible to do extra key combinations
 " " like w saves the current file
 " let mapleader = ","
 " let g:mapleader = ","
 "
 " " Fast saving
 " nmap w :w
 " nmap q :q
 "
 " """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
 " " => VIM user interface
 " """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
 " " Replace J, K
 " nmap J 5j
 " nmap K 5k
 "
 " " Ctrl+A to select all content in visual mode
 " nmap   ggvG$
 "
 " " Ctrl+C to copy
 " vnoremap  "+y
 "
 " " Ctrl+V to paste
 " nmap   "+p
 "
 " " Set 7 lines to the cursor - when moving vertically using j/k
 " set so=7
 "
 " " Turn on the Wild menu
 " set wildmenu
 "
 " " Ignore compiled files
 " set wildignore=*.o,*~,*.pyc
 "
 " "Always show current position
 " set ruler
 "
 " " Height of the command bar
 " set cmdheight=2
 "
 " " A buffer becomes hidden when it is abandoned
 " set hid
 "
 " " Configure backspace so it acts as it should act
 " set whichwrap+=<,>
 " set backspace=indent,eol,start
 "
 " " Ignore case when searching
 " set ignorecase
 "
 " " When searching try to be smart about cases
 " set smartcase
 "
 " " Highlight search results
 " set hlsearch
 "
 " " Makes search act like search in modern browsers
 " set incsearch
 "
 " " Don't redraw while executing macros (good performance config)
 " set lazyredraw
 "
 " " For regular expressions turn magic on
 " set magic
 "
 " " Show matching brackets when text indicator is over them
 " set showmatch
 "
 " " How many tenths of a second to blink when matching brackets
 " set mat=2
 "
 " " No annoying sound on errors set noerrorbells
 " set novisualbell
 " set t_vb=
 " set tm=500
 "
 " " Show line number
 " set number
 "
 " " Highlight over 80 columns
 " highlight OverLength ctermbg=red ctermfg=white guibg=#592929
 " match OverLength /\%81v.\+/
 "
 " " Show Tab symbol
 " set list
 " set listchars=tab:\|\ ,trail:.,extends:>,precedes:<
 "
 " " Switch windows
 " nnoremap  h
 " nnoremap  l
 " nnoremap  j
 " nnoremap  k
 "
 " " Move cursor in insert mode
 " inoremap  h
 " inoremap  l
 " inoremap  j
 " inoremap  k
 "
 "
 " """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
 " " => Colors and Fonts
 " """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
 " " Enable syntax highlighting
 " syntax enable
 "
 " "colorscheme desert
 " colorscheme molokai
 " set background=dark
 "
 " " Set extra options when running in GUI mode
 " if has("gui_running")
 "     set guioptions-=T
 "         set guioptions+=e
 "             set t_Co=256
 "                 set guitablabel=%M\ %t
 "                 endif
 "
 "                 " Set utf8 as standard encoding and en_US as the standard
 "                 language
 "                 set encoding=utf8
 "
 "                 " Use Unix as the standard file type
 "                 set ffs=unix,dos,mac
 "
 "                 " Use Inconsolata as the gui font
 "                 set guifont=Inconsolata\ 15
 "
 "                 """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
 " => Text, tab and indent related
 " """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
 " " Use spaces instead of tabs
 " set expandtab
 "
 " " Be smart when using tabs ;)
 " set smarttab
 "
 " " 1 tab == 4 spaces
 " set shiftwidth=4
 " set tabstop=4
 "
 " " Linebreak on 500 characters
 " set lbr
 " set tw=500
 "
 " set ai "Auto indent
 " set si "Smart indent
 " set wrap "Wrap lines
 "
 "
 " """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""
 " " => Status line
 " """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""
 " " Always show the status line
 " set laststatus=2
 "
 " " Format the status line
 " "set statusline=\ %{HasPaste()}%F%m%r%h\ %w\ \ CWD:\ %r%{getcwd()}%h\ \ \
 " Line:\ %l
 "
 "
 " """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
 " " => Mouse
 " """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
 " set mouse=a
 " set selection=exclusive
 " set selectmode=mouse,key
 "
 " """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
 " " => Plugins
 " """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

6.插件的下载与安装。

       在~/.vim文件下有建一个doc 文件夹和plugin的文件夹。一般指导性的帮助文件会放到doc文件夹。插件的源码等会放到plugin中。

可能用到的插件如下：此链接中有各种有用的插件大家可以看教程操作。

      插件下载和配置：http://blog.csdn.net/wooin/article/details/1858917

      用到的vim命令：http://www.111cn.net/sys/linux/52704.htm

     注意事项：let  g:winManagerWindowLayout='FileExplorer|TagList'
nmap  wm  :WMToggle

在"wm"和":WMToggle"中间是有一个空格的！