用栈实现:输入一行符号,以#结束,判断其中的括号是否匹配。括号包括:
{ } 、 [ ] 、 ( )、 < >
如果匹配,输出 right
如果不匹配,给出错误提示。包括:
(1)对称符号都匹配,输出 “ right “
(2)处理到某个符号时不匹配了,输出 " The $ character ‘*’ is wrong." ,其中$是出错符号的序号,*是出错的符号;
(3)如果有没匹配的左符号,输出缺失的对应的右符号,即输出 “loss of right character 。。。.”,其中。。。是按嵌套顺序对应的右符号。
例如:
样例输入1:
as(*x<{(({<>}))}>)#
样例输出1:
right
样例输入2:
(a.b)>#
样例输出2:
The 6 character ‘>’ is wrong.
样例输入3:
({()#
样例输出3:
loss of right character }).
括号匹配模板题。
#pragma GCC optimize(3,"Ofast","inline")
#pragma G++ optimize(3)
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned long long ull;
typedef pair<ll,ll> pll;
typedef pair<int,int> pii;
typedef queue<int> q_i;
typedef queue<string> q_s;
typedef queue<double> q_d;
typedef queue<ll> q_ll;
typedef queue<char> q_c;
typedef priority_queue<int> pq_i;
typedef priority_queue<string> pq_s;
typedef priority_queue<double> pq_d;
typedef priority_queue<ll> pq_ll;
typedef stack<int> s_i;
typedef stack<string> s_s;
typedef stack<double> s_d;
typedef stack<ll> s_ll;
typedef stack<char> s_c;
typedef map<ll,ll> m_ll_ll;
typedef map<int,ll> m_i_ll;
typedef map<string,ll> m_s_ll;
typedef map<char,int> m_c_i;
typedef map<char,ll> m_c_ll;
#define rep(i,l,r) for(ll i=l;i<=r;i++)
#define per(i,l,r) for(ll i=r;i>=l;i--)
#define eif else if
#define N 2000005
#define mm(dp) memset(dp,0,sizeof(dp))
#define mm1(dp) memset(dp,-1,sizeof(dp))
#define mm2(dp) memset(dp,0x3f,sizeof(dp))
#define IT set::iterator
#define fs(n) fixed<< setprecision(n)
const double e=2.71828182845;
const double pi = acos(-1.0);
void read(int &x)
{
char ch=getchar();
x=0;
for(; ch<'0'||ch>'9'; ch=getchar());
for(; ch>='0'&&ch<='9'; x=x*10+ch-'0',ch=getchar());
}
inline void write(int x)
{
if(x<0)
putchar('-'),x=-x;
if(x>9)
write(x/10);
putchar(x%10+'0');
printf("\n");
}
float SqrtByCarmack( float number )
{
int i;
float x2, y;
const float threehalfs = 1.5F;
x2 = number * 0.5F;
y = number;
i = * ( int * ) &y;
i = 0x5f375a86 - ( i >> 1 );
y = * ( float * ) &i;
y = y * ( threehalfs - ( x2 * y * y ) );
y = y * ( threehalfs - ( x2 * y * y ) );
y = y * ( threehalfs - ( x2 * y * y ) );
return number*y;
}
ll qpow(ll a,ll b,ll mod)
{
ll sum=1;
while(b)
{
if(b%2==1)
{
sum=sum*a%mod;
}
b/=2;
a=a*a%mod;
}
return sum;
}
int erfen(int *a,int start,int endd,int l)//小于等于l的最大值的角标
{
int mid=(start+endd)/2;
if((a[mid]<=l&&a[mid+1]>l)||(mid==endd&&a[mid]<=l))
return mid;
else if(a[mid]<=l)
return erfen(a,mid+1,endd,l);
else if(a[mid]>l)
{
if(start!=mid)
return erfen(a,start,mid,l);
else
return start-1;
}
}
ll prime[6] = {2, 3, 5, 233, 331};
ll qmul(ll x, ll y, ll mod)
{
return (x * y - (long long)(x / (long double)mod * y + 1e-3) *mod + mod) % mod;
}
bool Miller_Rabin(ll p)
{
if(p < 2)
return 0;
if(p != 2 && p % 2 == 0)
return 0;
ll s = p - 1;
while(! (s & 1))
s >>= 1;
for(int i = 0; i < 5; ++i)
{
if(p == prime[i])
return 1;
ll t = s, m = qpow(prime[i], s, p);
while(t != p - 1 && m != 1 && m != p - 1)
{
m = qmul(m, m, p);
t <<= 1;
}
if(m != p - 1 && !(t & 1))
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
ll gcd(ll x,ll y)
{
if(y==0)
return x;
else
return gcd(y,x%y);
}
stack<char>st;
int main()
{
ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
cin.tie(0);
cout.tie(0);
string str;
cin>>str;
int len=str.size();
int flag=0;
rep(i,0,len-1)
{
if(str[i]=='{'||str[i]=='['||str[i]=='('||str[i]=='<')
{
st.push(str[i]);
}
else
{
if(str[i]=='}'||str[i]==']'||str[i]==')'||str[i]=='>')
{
if(st.empty())
{
cout<<"The "<<i+1<<" character '"<<str[i]<<"' is wrong.";
flag=1;
break;
}
char cha=st.top();
if((str[i]=='}'&&cha=='{')||(str[i]==']'&&cha=='[')||(str[i]==')'&&cha=='(')||(str[i]=='>'&&cha=='<'))
st.pop();
else
{
cout<<"The "<<i+1<<" character '"<<str[i]<<"' is wrong.";
flag=1;
break;
}
}
}
}
if(flag==1)
return 0;
if(st.empty())
cout<<"right";
else
{
cout<<"loss of right character ";
while(!st.empty())
{
if(st.top()=='{')
cout<<"}";
if(st.top()=='(')
cout<<")";
if(st.top()=='[')
cout<<"]";
if(st.top()=='<')
cout<<">";
st.pop();
}
cout<<".";
}
return 0;
}
用栈ADT应用:对称符号匹配判断
输入一行符号,以#结束,判断其中的对称符号是否匹配。对称符号包括:
{ } 、 [ ] 、 ( )、 < >
输出分为以下几种情况:
(1)对称符号都匹配,输出 “ right. “
(2) 如果处理到最后出现了失配,则输出两行:
第一行:Matching failure.
第二行:loss of right character $$.... 其中$$... 是按嵌套顺序对应的右匹配符号。
(3)处理到某个符号时失配了,则输出两行或三行:
第一行: The N character '$' is wrong." ,其中N是出错符号的序号,$是出错的符号;
第二行: loss of left character $.” 其中 $ 是当前符号的左匹配符号。
(如果有的话)第三行:loss of right character $$...” 其中$$... 是按嵌套顺序对应的右匹配符号。
例如:
输入
(a.b)>#
输出:
The 6 character >’ is wrong.
loss of left character <.
输入 :
({()#
输出:
Matching failure.
loss of right character }).
样例输入1:
as(*x<{(({<>}))}>)#
样例输出1:
right.
样例输入2:
(a.b)>#
样例输出2:
The 6 character ‘>’ is wrong.
loss of left character <.
这个题改的。。。哎,再给大家提供一组数据吧,估计这组能卡好多人。
输入:
((((}
输出:
The 5 character ‘}’ is wrong.
loss of left character {.
loss of right character )))).
代码如下:
#pragma GCC optimize(3,"Ofast","inline")
#pragma G++ optimize(3)
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned long long ull;
typedef pair<ll,ll> pll;
typedef pair<int,int> pii;
typedef queue<int> q_i;
typedef queue<string> q_s;
typedef queue<double> q_d;
typedef queue<ll> q_ll;
typedef queue<char> q_c;
typedef priority_queue<int> pq_i;
typedef priority_queue<string> pq_s;
typedef priority_queue<double> pq_d;
typedef priority_queue<ll> pq_ll;
typedef stack<int> s_i;
typedef stack<string> s_s;
typedef stack<double> s_d;
typedef stack<ll> s_ll;
typedef stack<char> s_c;
typedef map<ll,ll> m_ll_ll;
typedef map<int,ll> m_i_ll;
typedef map<string,ll> m_s_ll;
typedef map<char,int> m_c_i;
typedef map<char,ll> m_c_ll;
#define rep(i,l,r) for(ll i=l;i<=r;i++)
#define per(i,l,r) for(ll i=r;i>=l;i--)
#define eif else if
#define N 2000005
#define mm(dp) memset(dp,0,sizeof(dp))
#define mm1(dp) memset(dp,-1,sizeof(dp))
#define mm2(dp) memset(dp,0x3f,sizeof(dp))
#define IT set::iterator
#define fs(n) fixed<< setprecision(n)
const double e=2.71828182845;
const double pi = acos(-1.0);
void read(int &x)
{
char ch=getchar();
x=0;
for(; ch<'0'||ch>'9'; ch=getchar());
for(; ch>='0'&&ch<='9'; x=x*10+ch-'0',ch=getchar());
}
inline void write(int x)
{
if(x<0)
putchar('-'),x=-x;
if(x>9)
write(x/10);
putchar(x%10+'0');
printf("\n");
}
float SqrtByCarmack( float number )
{
int i;
float x2, y;
const float threehalfs = 1.5F;
x2 = number * 0.5F;
y = number;
i = * ( int * ) &y;
i = 0x5f375a86 - ( i >> 1 );
y = * ( float * ) &i;
y = y * ( threehalfs - ( x2 * y * y ) );
y = y * ( threehalfs - ( x2 * y * y ) );
y = y * ( threehalfs - ( x2 * y * y ) );
return number*y;
}
ll qpow(ll a,ll b,ll mod)
{
ll sum=1;
while(b)
{
if(b%2==1)
{
sum=sum*a%mod;
}
b/=2;
a=a*a%mod;
}
return sum;
}
int erfen(int *a,int start,int endd,int l)//小于等于l的最大值的角标
{
int mid=(start+endd)/2;
if((a[mid]<=l&&a[mid+1]>l)||(mid==endd&&a[mid]<=l))
return mid;
else if(a[mid]<=l)
return erfen(a,mid+1,endd,l);
else if(a[mid]>l)
{
if(start!=mid)
return erfen(a,start,mid,l);
else
return start-1;
}
}
ll prime[6] = {2, 3, 5, 233, 331};
ll qmul(ll x, ll y, ll mod)
{
return (x * y - (long long)(x / (long double)mod * y + 1e-3) *mod + mod) % mod;
}
bool Miller_Rabin(ll p)
{
if(p < 2)
return 0;
if(p != 2 && p % 2 == 0)
return 0;
ll s = p - 1;
while(! (s & 1))
s >>= 1;
for(int i = 0; i < 5; ++i)
{
if(p == prime[i])
return 1;
ll t = s, m = qpow(prime[i], s, p);
while(t != p - 1 && m != 1 && m != p - 1)
{
m = qmul(m, m, p);
t <<= 1;
}
if(m != p - 1 && !(t & 1))
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
ll gcd(ll x,ll y)
{
if(y==0)
return x;
else
return gcd(y,x%y);
}
stack<char>st;
int main()
{
ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
cin.tie(0);
cout.tie(0);
string str;
//{ } 、 [ ] 、 ( )、 < >
cin>>str;
int len=str.size();
int flag=0;
rep(i,0,len-1)
{
//cout<
if(str[i]=='{'||str[i]=='['||str[i]=='('||str[i]=='<')
{
st.push(str[i]);
}
else
{
if(str[i]=='}'||str[i]==']'||str[i]==')'||str[i]=='>')
{
if(st.empty())
{
cout<<"The "<<i+1<<" character '"<<str[i]<<"' is wrong."<<'\n';
flag=1;
if(str[i]=='}')
cout<<"loss of left character {."<<'\n';
if(str[i]==')')
cout<<"loss of left character (."<<'\n';
if(str[i]==']')
cout<<"loss of left character [."<<'\n';
if(str[i]=='>')
cout<<"loss of left character <."<<'\n';
break;
}
char cha=st.top();
if((str[i]=='}'&&cha=='{')||(str[i]==']'&&cha=='[')||(str[i]==')'&&cha=='(')||(str[i]=='>'&&cha=='<'))
st.pop();
else
{
cout<<"The "<<i+1<<" character '"<<str[i]<<"' is wrong."<<'\n';
flag=1;
if(str[i]=='}')
cout<<"loss of left character {."<<'\n';
if(str[i]==')')
cout<<"loss of left character (."<<'\n';
if(str[i]==']')
cout<<"loss of left character [."<<'\n';
if(str[i]=='>')
cout<<"loss of left character <."<<'\n';
break;
}
}
}
}
if(flag==1)
{
int vv=0;
if(!st.empty())
{
cout<<"loss of right character ";
vv=1;
}
while(!st.empty())
{
if(st.top()=='{')
cout<<"}";
if(st.top()=='(')
cout<<")";
if(st.top()=='[')
cout<<"]";
if(st.top()=='<')
cout<<">";
st.pop();
}
if(vv==1)
cout<<".";
return 0;
}
if(st.empty())
cout<<"right.";
else
{
cout<<"Matching failure."<<'\n';
cout<<"loss of right character ";
while(!st.empty())
{
if(st.top()=='{')
cout<<"}";
if(st.top()=='(')
cout<<")";
if(st.top()=='[')
cout<<"]";
if(st.top()=='<')
cout<<">";
st.pop();
}
cout<<".";
}
return 0;
}