2019独角兽企业重金招聘Python工程师标准>>> 
PI:\> 开个新贴把，学过的在这里记录下。方便查找。
10月31日： python3网络爬虫一《使用urllib.request发送请求》
知识点1： http://httpbin.org 一个不错的网站可以用来测试
知识点2： 文中代码输出 含很多 /n ，原因是response.read()返回的byte类型，不是字符串类型。所以\n没有自动打印成换行。 用 .decode('utf-8')方法，转很字符串，得到正确结果。
import urllib.parse data = bytes(urllib.parse.urlencode({'word': 'hello'}), encoding='utf8') response = urllib.request.urlopen('http://httpbin.org/post', data=data) print(response.read().decode('utf-8'))
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11月2日： 利用urllib.urlopen向有道翻译发送数据获得翻译结果
睡觉，明天有时间继续，开个头,mark
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11月5日：python 网络爬虫实战
这书里2017年1月1日出版的，里面的代码还是，2.X的，常用的 userAgents.py
#!/usr/bin/env python #-*- coding: utf-8 -*- __author__ = 'hstking [email protected]' pcUserAgent = { "safari 5.1 – MAC":"User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_8; en-us) AppleWebKit/534.50 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.1 Safari/534.50", "safari 5.1 – Windows":"User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-us) AppleWebKit/534.50 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.1 Safari/534.50", "IE 9.0":"User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/5.0);", "IE 8.0":"User-Agent:Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.0; Trident/4.0)", "IE 7.0":"User-Agent:Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0)", "IE 6.0":"User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)", "Firefox 4.0.1 – MAC":"User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6; rv:2.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/4.0.1", "Firefox 4.0.1 – Windows":"User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; rv:2.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/4.0.1", "Opera 11.11 – MAC":"User-Agent:Opera/9.80 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6.8; U; en) Presto/2.8.131 Version/11.11", "Opera 11.11 – Windows":"User-Agent:Opera/9.80 (Windows NT 6.1; U; en) Presto/2.8.131 Version/11.11", "Chrome 17.0 – MAC":"User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_7_0) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11", "Maxthon":"User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; Maxthon 2.0)", "Tencent TT":"User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; TencentTraveler 4.0)", "The World 2.x":"User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1)", "The World 3.x":"User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; The World)", "sogou 1.x":"User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0; SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0)", "360":"User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; 360SE)", "Avant":"User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; Avant Browser)", "Green Browser":"User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1)" } mobileUserAgent = { "iOS 4.33 – iPhone":"User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; U; CPU iPhone OS 4_3_3 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8J2 Safari/6533.18.5", "iOS 4.33 – iPod Touch":"User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (iPod; U; CPU iPhone OS 4_3_3 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8J2 Safari/6533.18.5", "iOS 4.33 – iPad":"User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; U; CPU OS 4_3_3 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8J2 Safari/6533.18.5", "Android N1":"User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.3.7; en-us; Nexus One Build/FRF91) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1", "Android QQ":"User-Agent: MQQBrowser/26 Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.3.7; zh-cn; MB200 Build/GRJ22; CyanogenMod-7) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1", "Android Opera ":"User-Agent: Opera/9.80 (Android 2.3.4; Linux; Opera Mobi/build-1107180945; U; en-GB) Presto/2.8.149 Version/11.10", "Android Pad Moto Xoom":"User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 3.0; en-us; Xoom Build/HRI39) AppleWebKit/534.13 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Safari/534.13", "BlackBerry":"User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (BlackBerry; U; BlackBerry 9800; en) AppleWebKit/534.1+ (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/6.0.0.337 Mobile Safari/534.1+", "WebOS HP Touchpad":"User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (hp-tablet; Linux; hpwOS/3.0.0; U; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) wOSBrowser/233.70 Safari/534.6 TouchPad/1.0", "Nokia N97":"User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (SymbianOS/9.4; Series60/5.0 NokiaN97-1/20.0.019; Profile/MIDP-2.1 Configuration/CLDC-1.1) AppleWebKit/525 (KHTML, like Gecko) BrowserNG/7.1.18124", "Windows Phone Mango":"User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows Phone OS 7.5; Trident/5.0; IEMobile/9.0; HTC; Titan)", "UC":"User-Agent: UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999", "UC standard":"User-Agent: NOKIA5700/ UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999", "UCOpenwave":"User-Agent: Openwave/ UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999", "UC Opera":"User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; ) Opera/UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999" }
写文件时，要修改这两处……。
with open(fileName,'a', encoding='utf-8') as fp:
fp.write("%s\n\n" %userAgent)
fp.write(response.read().decode('utf-8'))
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11月27日
一小时入门 Python 3 网络爬虫
urllib库是python内置的，无需我们额外安装，只要安装了Python就可以使用这个库。
requests库是第三方库，需要我们自己安装。 requests库强大好用，所以本文使用requests库获取网页的HTML信息。requests库的github地址：https://github.com/requests/requests
中文文档 http://docs.python-requests.org/zh_CN/latest/user/quickstart.html
requests 库的基础方法
requests.request() 构造一个请求，支撑以下各方法的基础方法
requests.get() 获取HTML网页的主要方法，对应于HTTP的GET
requests.head() 获取HTML网页头信息的方法，对应于HTTP的HEAD
requests.post() 向HTML网页提交POST请求的方法，对应于HTTP的POST
requests.put() 向HTML网页提交PUT请求的方法，对应用HTTP的PUT
requests.patch() 向HTML网页提交避部修改请求，对应于HTTP的PATCH
requests.delete() 向HTML页面提交删除请求，对应于HTTP的DELETE
beautifulsoup4 库 http://beautifulsoup.readthedocs.io/zh_CN/latest/
用于筛选数据。