Install MySQL 5.7/8.0 on Fedora 26/25, CentOS/RHEL 7.3/6.9
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MySQL is a relational database management system (RDBMS) that runs as a server providing multi-user access to a number of databases. This is guide, howto install or upgrade MySQL Community Server latest version 5.7 (5.7.19) on Fedora 26/25/24, CentOS 7.3/6.9 and Red Hat (RHEL) 7.3/6.9. This guide works of course with Oracle Linux and Scientific Linux too and MySQL 8.0/5.6 installation is possible too.
Note: If you are upgrading MySQL (from earlier version), then make sure that you backup (dump and copy) your database and configs. And remember run mysql_upgrade command.
Install MySQL Database 5.7.19 on Fedora 26/25/24, CentOS 7.3/6.9, Red Hat (RHEL) 7.3/6.9
1. Change root user
Bash
su -
## OR ##
sudo -i
2. Install MySQL YUM repository
Fedora
Bash
## Fedora 26 ##
dnf install https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-fc26-10.noarch.rpm
## Fedora 25 ##
dnf install https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-fc25-10.noarch.rpm
## Fedora 24 ##
dnf install https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-fc24-10.noarch.rpm
CentOS and Red Hat (RHEL)
Bash
## CentOS 7 and Red Hat (RHEL) 7 ##
yum localinstall https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
## CentOS 6 and Red Hat (RHEL) 6 ##
yum localinstall https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el6-11.noarch.rpm
3a. Update or Install MySQL 5.7.19
Fedora 26/25/24
Bash
dnf install mysql-community-server
CentOS 7.3/6.9 and Red Hat (RHEL) 7.3/6.9
Bash
yum install mysql-community-server
3b. Update or Install MySQL 8.0.2
Fedora 26/25/24
Bash
dnf --enablerepo=mysql80-community install mysql-community-server
CentOS 7.3/6.9 and Red Hat (RHEL) 7.3/6.9
Bash
yum --enablerepo=mysql80-community install mysql-community-server
4. Start MySQL server and autostart MySQL on boot
Fedora 26/25/24 and CentOS 7.3 and Red Hat (RHEL) 7.3
Bash
systemctl start mysqld.service ## use restart after update
systemctl enable mysqld.service
CentOS 6.9 and Red Hat (RHEL) 6.9
Bash
/etc/init.d/mysql start ## use restart after update
## OR ##
service mysql start ## use restart after update
chkconfig --levels 235 mysqld on
5. Get Your Generated Random root Password
Bash
grep 'A temporary password is generated for root@localhost' /var/log/mysqld.log |tail -1
Example Output:
Bash
2015-11-20T21:11:44.229891Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: -et)QoL4MLid
And root password is: -et)QoL4MLid
6. MySQL Secure Installation
- Change root password
- Remove anonymous users
- Disallow root login remotely
- Remove test database and access to it
- Reload privilege tables
Start MySQL Secure Installation with following command
Bash
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
Output:
Bash
Securing the MySQL server deployment.
Enter password for user root:
The existing password for the user account root has expired. Please set a new password.
New password:
Re-enter new password:
VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN can be used to test passwords
and improve security. It checks the strength of password
and allows the users to set only those passwords which are
secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD plugin?
Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: y
There are three levels of password validation policy:
LOW Length >= 8
MEDIUM Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, and special characters
STRONG Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, special characters and dictionary file
Please enter 0 = LOW, 1 = MEDIUM and 2 = STRONG: 0
Using existing password for root.
Estimated strength of the password: 100
Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Estimated strength of the password: 50
Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.
Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.
Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
- Dropping test database...
Success.
- Removing privileges on test database...
Success.
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.
All done!
Note: If you don’t want some reason, do a “MySQL Secure Installation” then at least it’s very important to change the root user’s password
Bash
mysqladmin -u root password [your_password_here]
## Example ##
mysqladmin -u root password myownsecrectpass
7. Connect to MySQL database (localhost) with password
Bash
mysql -u root -p
## OR ##
mysql -h localhost -u root -p
8. Create Database, Create MySQL User and Enable Remote Connections to MySQL Database
This example uses following parameters:
- DB_NAME = webdb
- USER_NAME = webdb_user
- REMOTE_IP = 10.0.15.25
- PASSWORD = password123
- PERMISSIONS = ALL
SQL
## CREATE DATABASE ##
mysql> CREATE DATABASE webdb;
## CREATE USER ##
mysql> CREATE USER 'webdb_user'@'10.0.15.25' IDENTIFIED BY 'password123';
## GRANT PERMISSIONS ##
mysql> GRANT ALL ON webdb.* TO 'webdb_user'@'10.0.15.25';
## FLUSH PRIVILEGES, Tell the server to reload the grant tables ##
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Enable Remote Connection to MariaDB Server –> Open MySQL Port (3306) on Iptables Firewall (as root user again)
1. Fedora 26/25/24 and CentOS/Red Hat (RHEL) 7.3
1.1 Add New Rule to Firewalld
Bash
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=mysql
## OR ##
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add --port=3306/tcp
1.2 Restart firewalld.service
Bash
systemctl restart firewalld.service
2. CentOS/Red Hat (RHEL) 6.9
2.1 Edit /etc/sysconfig/iptables file:
Bash
nano -w /etc/sysconfig/iptables2.2 Add following INPUT rule:
Bash
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT2.3 Restart Iptables Firewall:
Bash
service iptables restart
## OR ##
/etc/init.d/iptables restart
3. Test remote connection
Bash
mysql -h 10.0.15.25 -u myusername -p