达梦数据库的备份与还原

备份方法:

物理备份 (数据文件)

冷备份(数据库关闭)

1.数据库关闭

[dmdba@dm1 DAMENG]$ /etc/rc.d/init.d/DmServiceTEST status

[dmdba@dm1 DAMENG]$ /etc/rc.d/init.d/DmServiceTEST stop

2.开启damp服务要开启

[dmdba@dm1 DAMENG]$/etc/rc.d/init.d/DmAPService status

3.执行备份

[dmdba@dm1 bin]$ cd /dm7/bin

[dmdba@dm1 bin]$ ./dmrman

RMAN> backup database '/dm7/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' backupset '/dm7/backup/backups'

[dmdba@dm1 backups]$ ls

backups.bak(备份文件)  backups .meta(备份的元数据)

4.备份还原

RMAN> recover database '/dm7/data/DAMENG/dm.ini' from backupset '/dm7/backup/backups'

热备份(数据库打开)
打开归档

SQL> alter database mount;
  1. 配置归档文件

    SQL> alter database add archivelog 'type=local,dest=/dm7/arch,file_size=64,space_limit=0';
    
  2. 打开归档

     SQL> alter database archivelog;
    
  3. 打开数据库

     SQL> alter database open;
    

数据库打开

[dmdba@dm1 DAMENG]$ /etc/rc.d/init.d/DmServiceTEST status

dmap服务启动

[dmdba@dm1 DAMENG]$ /etc/rc.d/init.d/DmAPService status

备份:(库,表空间,表,归档)

SQL> backup database backupset '/dm7/backup/db_bak'; 

SQL> backup tablespace dmhr backupset '/dm7/backup/dmhr_bak';

SQL> backup table dmhr.employee backupset '/dm7/backup/emp_bak';

SQL> backup archivelog  backupset '/dm7/backup/arch_bak';

逻辑备份(SQL)

备份参数查询:

[dmdba@dm1 db_bak]$ dexp help

备份表:

[dmdba@dm1 db_bak]$ dexp sysdba/SYSDBA file=/dm7/backup/emp.dmp tables=dmhr.emp

还原表:

[dmdba@dm1 db_bak]$ dimp sysdba/SYSDBA file=/dm7/backup/emp.dmp tables=dmhr.emp

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