虚幻4渲染编程【第四卷：虚幻4C++层和Shader层的简单数据通讯】

本章将会在前几张的基础上进行讲解，如果你没看过前几章的话，这里是传送门：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_16756235/article/details/80045758

先上效果图如下。我们在虚幻里实现了自己的shader的贴图映射。

    经过前几卷的探索，我们现在已经可以通过自己的shader和Draw调用，在一个RenderTarget上绘制东西了。虽然最后还是通过材质编辑器才传到场景的render target上，不过随着“旅行”的进行，我们揭开的谜团越来越多了。下一步我们将一起来向shader传入更多数据来完成一些更复杂的绘制。

    我们现在只有一个颜色，我们来尝试一下把一张贴图传入shader吧。如果一个shader需要采一张贴图，需要一个Texture资源，需要一个sampler，还需要UV信息。我们先在HLSL代码里做如下工作：

#include "/Engine/Public/Platform.ush"
Texture2D MyTexture;
SamplerState MyTextureSampler;

float4 SimpleColor;

void MainVS(
	in float4 InPosition : ATTRIBUTE0,
	in float2 InUV : ATTRIBUTE1,
	out float2 OutUV : TEXCOORD0,
	out float4 OutPosition : SV_POSITION
	)
{
	// screenspace position from vb
    OutPosition = InPosition;
    OutUV = InUV;

}

void MainPS(
	in float2 UV : TEXCOORD0,
    out float4 OutColor : SV_Target0
    )
{
    OutColor = float4(MyTexture.Sample(MyTextureSampler, UV.xy).rgb, 1.0f);
    OutColor *= SimpleColor;
}

我们给顶点着色器增加一个UV的输入输出，然后给像素着色器增加一个UV输入和一点简单的计算。因为加入了更多的顶点输入信息，所以我们要开始管理顶点输入布局了。

让我们定义一个顶点数据的结构体FMyTextureVertex，然后声明一个顶点输入布局类，在InitRHI种进行顶点输入布局的初始化。

虚幻自己实现了一个ATRIBUTE语义（HLSL并没有这个语义估计是虚幻自己实现的）。这个插槽和顶点输入布局的对应关系如上图所示。

    完成了顶点输入布局后，下面我们需要把顶点输入布局给渲染管线。

完成指认后，我们需要把顶点UV数据传进draw函数，接下来

我们在原来的代码基础上增加了UV数据。至此UV数据算是完全完成了。下面我们来传贴图数据和sampler数据

首先在FMyShaderText类中加入新的成员变量

然后在构造函数把他们和shader里的变量绑定：

完成这个之后就是需要CPU端传渲染资源到GPU端了：

这里截图没截图完，不过不用担心，后面我会把所有代码再贴一遍，现在只需要关心的是再原有代码基础上的改动。主要是从UTexture中拿到渲染资源。

然后在渲染线程的函数中set一下即可：

至此整个代码就完成啦。再在蓝图脚本中完成资源指认即可。

至此完成了一个shader基本的需求。至于要传一些比较复杂的数据结构，如结构体buffer什么的，以后再作介绍。后面是完整的代码：

MyShader.usf

#include "/Engine/Public/Platform.ush"

Texture2D MyTexture;
SamplerState MyTextureSampler;

float4 SimpleColor;

void MainVS(
	in float4 InPosition : ATTRIBUTE0,
	in float2 InUV : ATTRIBUTE1,
	out float2 OutUV : TEXCOORD0,
	out float4 OutPosition : SV_POSITION
	)
{
	// screenspace position from vb
    OutPosition = InPosition;
    OutUV = InUV;

}

void MainPS(
	in float2 UV : TEXCOORD0,
    out float4 OutColor : SV_Target0
    )
{
    OutColor = float4(MyTexture.Sample(MyTextureSampler, UV.xy).rgb, 1.0f);
    OutColor *= SimpleColor;
}

MyShaderTest.h(这里面的Struct是暂时没用的，以后介绍传复杂的buffer的时候会用到)

#pragma once

#include "CoreMinimal.h"
#include "UObject/ObjectMacros.h"
#include "Classes/Kismet/BlueprintFunctionLibrary.h"
#include "MyShaderTest.generated.h"

USTRUCT(BlueprintType)
struct FMyShaderStructData
{
	GENERATED_USTRUCT_BODY()

	UPROPERTY(BlueprintReadWrite, VisibleAnywhere, Category = ShaderData)
	FLinearColor ColorOne;
	UPROPERTY(BlueprintReadWrite, VisibleAnywhere, Category = ShaderData)
	FLinearColor ColorTwo;
	UPROPERTY(BlueprintReadWrite, VisibleAnywhere, Category = ShaderData)
	FLinearColor Colorthree;
	UPROPERTY(BlueprintReadWrite, VisibleAnywhere, Category = ShaderData)
	FLinearColor ColorFour;
};

UCLASS(MinimalAPI,meta = (ScriptName = "TestShaderLibary"))
class UTestShaderBlueprintLibrary : public UBlueprintFunctionLibrary
{
	GENERATED_UCLASS_BODY()

	UFUNCTION(BlueprintCallable, Category = "ShaderTestPlugin", meta = (WorldContext = "WorldContextObject"))
	static void DrawTestShaderRenderTarget(class UTextureRenderTarget2D* OutputRenderTarget, AActor* Ac, FLinearColor MyColor, UTexture* MyTexture);
};

MyShader.cpp

// Copyright 1998-2018 Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

#include "MyShaderTest.h"

#include "Classes/Engine/TextureRenderTarget2D.h"
#include "Classes/Engine/World.h"
#include "Public/GlobalShader.h"
#include "Public/PipelineStateCache.h"
#include "Public/RHIStaticStates.h"
#include "Public/SceneUtils.h"
#include "Public/SceneInterface.h"
#include "Public/ShaderParameterUtils.h"
#include "Public/Logging/MessageLog.h"
#include "Public/Internationalization/Internationalization.h"
#include "Public/StaticBoundShaderState.h"

#include "RHICommandList.h"
#include "UniformBuffer.h"

#define LOCTEXT_NAMESPACE "TestShader"

//BEGIN_UNIFORM_BUFFER_STRUCT(MyStructData, )
//DECLARE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_STRUCT_MEMBER(FVector4, ColorOne)
//DECLARE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_STRUCT_MEMBER(FVector4, ColorTwo)
//DECLARE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_STRUCT_MEMBER(FVector4, ColorThree)
//DECLARE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_STRUCT_MEMBER(FVector4, ColorFour)
//END_UNIFORM_BUFFER_STRUCT(MyStructData)
//typedef TUniformBufferRef MyStructDataRef;

UTestShaderBlueprintLibrary::UTestShaderBlueprintLibrary(const FObjectInitializer& ObjectInitializer)
	: Super(ObjectInitializer)
{

}

class FMyShaderTest : public FGlobalShader
{
public:

	FMyShaderTest(){}

	FMyShaderTest(const ShaderMetaType::CompiledShaderInitializerType& Initializer)
		: FGlobalShader(Initializer)
	{
		SimpleColorVal.Bind(Initializer.ParameterMap, TEXT("SimpleColor"));
		TestTextureVal.Bind(Initializer.ParameterMap, TEXT("MyTexture"));
		TestTextureSampler.Bind(Initializer.ParameterMap, TEXT("MyTextureSampler"));
	}

	static bool ShouldCache(EShaderPlatform Platform)
	{
		return true;
	}

	static bool ShouldCompilePermutation(const FGlobalShaderPermutationParameters& Parameters)
	{
		//return IsFeatureLevelSupported(Parameters.Platform, ERHIFeatureLevel::SM4);
		return true;
	}

	static void ModifyCompilationEnvironment(const FGlobalShaderPermutationParameters& Parameters, FShaderCompilerEnvironment& OutEnvironment)
	{
		FGlobalShader::ModifyCompilationEnvironment(Parameters, OutEnvironment);
		OutEnvironment.SetDefine(TEXT("TEST_MICRO"), 1);
	}

	void SetParameters(
		FRHICommandListImmediate& RHICmdList,
		const FLinearColor &MyColor,
		FTextureRHIParamRef &MyTexture
		)
	{
		SetShaderValue(RHICmdList, GetPixelShader(), SimpleColorVal, MyColor);
		SetTextureParameter(
			RHICmdList,
			GetPixelShader(),
			TestTextureVal,
			TestTextureSampler,
			TStaticSamplerState::GetRHI(),
			MyTexture);
	}

	virtual bool Serialize(FArchive& Ar) override
	{
		bool bShaderHasOutdatedParameters = FGlobalShader::Serialize(Ar);
		Ar << SimpleColorVal << TestTextureVal;
		return bShaderHasOutdatedParameters;
	}

private:

	FShaderParameter SimpleColorVal;

	FShaderResourceParameter TestTextureVal;
	FShaderResourceParameter TestTextureSampler;

};

class FShaderTestVS : public FMyShaderTest
{
	DECLARE_SHADER_TYPE(FShaderTestVS, Global);

public:
	FShaderTestVS(){}

	FShaderTestVS(const ShaderMetaType::CompiledShaderInitializerType& Initializer)
		: FMyShaderTest(Initializer)
	{

	}
};


class FShaderTestPS : public FMyShaderTest
{
	DECLARE_SHADER_TYPE(FShaderTestPS, Global);

public:
	FShaderTestPS() {}

	FShaderTestPS(const ShaderMetaType::CompiledShaderInitializerType& Initializer)
		: FMyShaderTest(Initializer)
	{

	}
};


IMPLEMENT_SHADER_TYPE(, FShaderTestVS, TEXT("/Plugin/ShadertestPlugin/Private/MyShader.usf"), TEXT("MainVS"), SF_Vertex)
IMPLEMENT_SHADER_TYPE(, FShaderTestPS, TEXT("/Plugin/ShadertestPlugin/Private/MyShader.usf"), TEXT("MainPS"), SF_Pixel)

struct FMyTextureVertex
{
	FVector4	Position;
	FVector2D	UV;
};

class FMyTextureVertexDeclaration : public FRenderResource
{
public:
	FVertexDeclarationRHIRef VertexDeclarationRHI;

	virtual void InitRHI() override
	{
		FVertexDeclarationElementList Elements;
		uint32 Stride = sizeof(FMyTextureVertex);
		Elements.Add(FVertexElement(0, STRUCT_OFFSET(FMyTextureVertex, Position), VET_Float4, 0, Stride));
		Elements.Add(FVertexElement(0, STRUCT_OFFSET(FMyTextureVertex, UV), VET_Float2, 1, Stride));
		VertexDeclarationRHI = RHICreateVertexDeclaration(Elements);
	}

	virtual void ReleaseRHI() override
	{
		VertexDeclarationRHI->Release();
	}
};

static void DrawTestShaderRenderTarget_RenderThread(
	FRHICommandListImmediate& RHICmdList, 
	FTextureRenderTargetResource* OutputRenderTargetResource,
	ERHIFeatureLevel::Type FeatureLevel,
	FName TextureRenderTargetName,
	FLinearColor MyColor,
	FTextureRHIParamRef MyTexture
)
{
	check(IsInRenderingThread());

#if WANTS_DRAW_MESH_EVENTS
	FString EventName;
	TextureRenderTargetName.ToString(EventName);
	SCOPED_DRAW_EVENTF(RHICmdList, SceneCapture, TEXT("ShaderTest %s"), *EventName);
#else
	SCOPED_DRAW_EVENT(RHICmdList, DrawUVDisplacementToRenderTarget_RenderThread);
#endif

	//设置渲染目标
	SetRenderTarget(
		RHICmdList,
		OutputRenderTargetResource->GetRenderTargetTexture(),
		FTextureRHIRef(),
		ESimpleRenderTargetMode::EUninitializedColorAndDepth,
		FExclusiveDepthStencil::DepthNop_StencilNop
	);

	//设置视口
	//FIntPoint DrawTargetResolution(OutputRenderTargetResource->GetSizeX(), OutputRenderTargetResource->GetSizeY());
	//RHICmdList.SetViewport(0, 0, 0.0f, DrawTargetResolution.X, DrawTargetResolution.Y, 1.0f);

	TShaderMap* GlobalShaderMap = GetGlobalShaderMap(FeatureLevel);
	TShaderMapRef VertexShader(GlobalShaderMap);
	TShaderMapRef PixelShader(GlobalShaderMap);

	FMyTextureVertexDeclaration VertexDec;
	VertexDec.InitRHI();

	// Set the graphic pipeline state.
	FGraphicsPipelineStateInitializer GraphicsPSOInit;
	RHICmdList.ApplyCachedRenderTargets(GraphicsPSOInit);
	GraphicsPSOInit.DepthStencilState = TStaticDepthStencilState::GetRHI();
	GraphicsPSOInit.BlendState = TStaticBlendState<>::GetRHI();
	GraphicsPSOInit.RasterizerState = TStaticRasterizerState<>::GetRHI();
	GraphicsPSOInit.PrimitiveType = PT_TriangleList;
	GraphicsPSOInit.BoundShaderState.VertexDeclarationRHI = VertexDec.VertexDeclarationRHI;
	GraphicsPSOInit.BoundShaderState.VertexShaderRHI = GETSAFERHISHADER_VERTEX(*VertexShader);
	GraphicsPSOInit.BoundShaderState.PixelShaderRHI = GETSAFERHISHADER_PIXEL(*PixelShader);
	SetGraphicsPipelineState(RHICmdList, GraphicsPSOInit);

	//RHICmdList.SetViewport(0, 0, 0.0f, DrawTargetResolution.X, DrawTargetResolution.Y, 1.0f);
	PixelShader->SetParameters(RHICmdList, MyColor, MyTexture);

	// Draw grid.
	//uint32 PrimitiveCount = 2;
	//RHICmdList.DrawPrimitive(PT_TriangleList, 0, PrimitiveCount, 1);
	FMyTextureVertex Vertices[4];
	Vertices[0].Position.Set(-1.0f, 1.0f, 0, 1.0f);
	Vertices[1].Position.Set(1.0f, 1.0f, 0, 1.0f);
	Vertices[2].Position.Set(-1.0f, -1.0f, 0, 1.0f);
	Vertices[3].Position.Set(1.0f, -1.0f, 0, 1.0f);
	Vertices[0].UV = FVector2D(0.0f, 1.0f);
	Vertices[1].UV = FVector2D(1.0f, 1.0f);
	Vertices[2].UV = FVector2D(0.0f, 0.0f);
	Vertices[3].UV = FVector2D(1.0f, 0.0f);

	static const uint16 Indices[6] =
	{
		0, 1, 2,
		2, 1, 3
	};
	//DrawPrimitiveUP(RHICmdList, PT_TriangleStrip, 2, Vertices, sizeof(Vertices[0]));
	DrawIndexedPrimitiveUP(
		RHICmdList,
		PT_TriangleList,
		0,
		ARRAY_COUNT(Vertices),
		2,
		Indices,
		sizeof(Indices[0]),
		Vertices,
		sizeof(Vertices[0])
	);

	// Resolve render target.
	RHICmdList.CopyToResolveTarget(
		OutputRenderTargetResource->GetRenderTargetTexture(),
		OutputRenderTargetResource->TextureRHI,
		false, FResolveParams());
}

void UTestShaderBlueprintLibrary::DrawTestShaderRenderTarget(
	UTextureRenderTarget2D* OutputRenderTarget, 
	AActor* Ac,
	FLinearColor MyColor,
	UTexture* MyTexture
)
{
	check(IsInGameThread());

	if (!OutputRenderTarget)
	{
		return;
	}
	
	FTextureRenderTargetResource* TextureRenderTargetResource = OutputRenderTarget->GameThread_GetRenderTargetResource();
	FTextureRHIParamRef MyTextureRHI = MyTexture->TextureReference.TextureReferenceRHI;
	UWorld* World = Ac->GetWorld();
	ERHIFeatureLevel::Type FeatureLevel = World->Scene->GetFeatureLevel();
	FName TextureRenderTargetName = OutputRenderTarget->GetFName();
	ENQUEUE_RENDER_COMMAND(CaptureCommand)(
		[TextureRenderTargetResource, FeatureLevel, MyColor, TextureRenderTargetName, MyTextureRHI](FRHICommandListImmediate& RHICmdList)
		{
			DrawTestShaderRenderTarget_RenderThread(RHICmdList,TextureRenderTargetResource, FeatureLevel, TextureRenderTargetName, MyColor, MyTextureRHI);
		}
	);

}

#undef LOCTEXT_NAMESPACE