Spring环境下Mybatis的配置以及工作机制
MyBatis 是一款一流的支持自定义SQL、存储过程和高级映射的持久化框架。MyBatis 能够使用简单的XML 格式或者注解进行来配置，能够映射基本数据元素、Map 接口和POJO（普通java 对象）到数据库中的记录。所有的MyBatis 应用都以SqlSessionFactory 实例为中心。SqlSessionFactory 实例通过SqlSessionFactoryBuilder 来获得，SqlSessionFactoryBuilder 能够从XML 配置文件或者通过自定义编写的配置类（Configuration class），来创建一个SqlSessionFactory 实例。在非Spring环境下XML文件的配置如下
配置好了，那么mybatis具体是如何工作的呢，首先，看一下我们在业务层读写数据库时使用的mybatis的接口吧（这只是使用mybatis的一种方式）
public class BaseDao extends SqlSessionDaoSupport {
public int save(String key, Object object){
return getSqlSession().insert(key, object);
}
public int update(String key, Object object){
return getSqlSession().update(key, object);
}
public int update(String key){
return getSqlSession().update(key);
}
public int delete(String key, Serializable id) {
return getSqlSession().delete(key, id);
}.................public abstract class SqlSessionDaoSupport extends DaoSupport {
private SqlSession sqlSession;
private boolean externalSqlSession;
public void setSqlSessionFactory(SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) {
if (!this.externalSqlSession) {
this.sqlSession = new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory); }
}
public void setSqlSessionTemplate(SqlSessionTemplate sqlSessionTemplate) {
this.sqlSession = sqlSessionTemplate;
this.externalSqlSession = true;
}
/**
* Users should use this method to get a SqlSession to call its statement methods
* This is SqlSession is managed by spring. Users should not commit/rollback/close it
* because it will be automatically done.
*
* @return Spring managed thread safe SqlSession
*/
public SqlSession getSqlSession() {
return this.sqlSession;
}
}this.sqlSession = new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory);
而在上面的配置文件中有这一句
先来看看SqlSessionTemplate的真面目
public class SqlSessionTemplate implements SqlSession {
private final SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
private final ExecutorType executorType;
private final SqlSession sqlSessionProxy;
private final PersistenceExceptionTranslator exceptionTranslator;
public SqlSessionTemplate(SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory, ExecutorType executorType,
PersistenceExceptionTranslator exceptionTranslator) {
notNull(sqlSessionFactory, "Property 'sqlSessionFactory' is required");
notNull(executorType, "Property 'executorType' is required");
this.sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactory;
this.executorType = executorType;
this.exceptionTranslator = exceptionTranslator;
this.sqlSessionProxy = (SqlSession) newProxyInstance(
SqlSessionFactory.class.getClassLoader(), new Class[] { SqlSession.class },new SqlSessionInterceptor());
} .......private class SqlSessionInterceptor implements InvocationHandler {
public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
SqlSession sqlSession = getSqlSession(
SqlSessionTemplate.this.sqlSessionFactory,
SqlSessionTemplate.this.executorType,
SqlSessionTemplate.this.exceptionTranslator);
}
拦截器中getSession方法调用org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionUtils中的 静态 getSession方法;我们再观察这个方法（已精简）
public static SqlSession getSqlSession(SqlSessionFactory sessionFactory, ExecutorType executorType, PersistenceExceptionTranslator exceptionTranslator) {
//需同步时用holder来管理sqlSession
SqlSessionHolder holder = (SqlSessionHolder) TransactionSynchronizationManager.getResource(sessionFactory);
if (holder != null && holder.isSynchronizedWithTransaction()) {
if (holder.getExecutorType() != executorType) {
throw new TransientDataAccessResourceException("Cannot change the ExecutorType when there is an existing transaction");
}
holder.requested();
return holder.getSqlSession();
}
SqlSession session = sessionFactory.openSession(executorType);
................
return session;
}public class SqlSessionFactoryBean implements FactoryBean, InitializingBean, ApplicationListener {
private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(SqlSessionFactoryBean.class);
private Resource configLocation;
private Resource[] mapperLocations;
private DataSource dataSource;
private TransactionFactory transactionFactory;
private Properties configurationProperties;
private SqlSessionFactoryBuilder sqlSessionFactoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
private SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
private String environment = SqlSessionFactoryBean.class.getSimpleName(); // EnvironmentAware requires spring 3.1
; .............} this.sqlSessionFactory = buildSqlSessionFactory();
而buildSqlSessionFactory又调用 this.sqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(configuration);
再来看看这个build方法
public SqlSessionFactory build(Configuration config) {
return new DefaultSqlSessionFactory(config);
}public class DefaultSqlSessionFactory implements SqlSessionFactory {
private final Configuration configuration;
public SqlSession openSession() {
return openSessionFromDataSource(configuration.getDefaultExecutorType(), null, false);
}
private SqlSession openSessionFromDataSource(ExecutorType execType, TransactionIsolationLevel level, boolean autoCommit) {
Transaction tx = null;
final Environment environment = configuration.getEnvironment();
final TransactionFactory transactionFactory = getTransactionFactoryFromEnvironment(environment);
tx = transactionFactory.newTransaction(environment.getDataSource(), level, autoCommit);
final Executor executor = configuration.newExecutor(tx, execType); //这是实际执行SQL语句的执行器
return new DefaultSqlSession(configuration, executor, autoCommit); //可知 这就是我们所用的SqlSession的本来面目
}
public SqlSession openSession(Connection connection) {
return openSessionFromConnection(configuration.getDefaultExecutorType(), connection);
}public class DefaultSqlSession implements SqlSession {
private Configuration configuration;
private Executor executor;
private boolean autoCommit;
private boolean dirty;
public DefaultSqlSession(Configuration configuration, Executor executor, boolean autoCommit) {
this.configuration = configuration;
this.executor = executor;
this.dirty = false;
this.autoCommit = autoCommit;
}...............................Executor的生成，则是通过 org.apache.ibatis.session.Configuration的 newExecutor方法生成。
public Executor newExecutor(Transaction transaction, ExecutorType executorType) {
executorType = executorType == null ? defaultExecutorType : executorType;
executorType = executorType == null ? ExecutorType.SIMPLE : executorType;
Executor executor;
if (ExecutorType.BATCH == executorType) {
executor = new BatchExecutor(this, transaction);
} else if (ExecutorType.REUSE == executorType) {
executor = new ReuseExecutor(this, transaction);
} else {
executor = new SimpleExecutor(this, transaction);
}
if (cacheEnabled) {
executor = new CachingExecutor(executor);
}
executor = (Executor) interceptorChain.pluginAll(executor);
return executor;
}public class SimpleExecutor extends BaseExecutor {
public SimpleExecutor(Configuration configuration, Transaction transaction) {
super(configuration, transaction);
}
public int doUpdate(MappedStatement ms, Object parameter) throws SQLException {
Statement stmt = null;
try {
Configuration configuration = ms.getConfiguration();
StatementHandler handler = configuration.newStatementHandler(this, ms, parameter, RowBounds.DEFAULT, null, null);
stmt = prepareStatement(handler, ms.getStatementLog());
return handler.update(stmt);
} finally {
closeStatement(stmt);
}
}public StatementHandler newStatementHandler(Executor executor, MappedStatement mappedStatement, Object parameterObject,
RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, BoundSql boundSql) {
StatementHandler statementHandler = new RoutingStatementHandler(executor, mappedStatement, parameterObject, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql);
statementHandler = (StatementHandler) interceptorChain.pluginAll(statementHandler);
return statementHandler;
} public RoutingStatementHandler(Executor executor, MappedStatement ms, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, BoundSql boundSql) {
switch (ms.getStatementType()) {
case STATEMENT:
delegate = new SimpleStatementHandler(executor, ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql);
break;
case PREPARED:
delegate = new PreparedStatementHandler(executor, ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql);
break;
case CALLABLE:
delegate = new CallableStatementHandler(executor, ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql);
break;
default:
throw new ExecutorException("Unknown statement type: " + ms.getStatementType());
}
} private Statement prepareStatement(StatementHandler handler, Log statementLog) throws SQLException {
Statement stmt;
Connection connection = getConnection(statementLog);
stmt = handler.prepare(connection);
handler.parameterize(stmt);
return stmt;
}public void parameterize(Statement statement) throws SQLException {
parameterHandler.setParameters((PreparedStatement) statement);
}public abstract class BaseStatementHandler implements StatementHandler {
protected final Configuration configuration;
protected final ObjectFactory objectFactory;
protected final TypeHandlerRegistry typeHandlerRegistry;
protected final ResultSetHandler resultSetHandler;
protected final ParameterHandler parameterHandler;
protected final Executor executor;
protected final MappedStatement mappedStatement;
protected final RowBounds rowBounds;
protected BoundSql boundSql;public ParameterHandler newParameterHandler(MappedStatement mappedStatement, Object parameterObject, BoundSql boundSql) {
ParameterHandler parameterHandler = mappedStatement.getLang().createParameterHandler(mappedStatement, parameterObject, boundSql);
parameterHandler = (ParameterHandler) interceptorChain.pluginAll(parameterHandler);
return parameterHandler;
}public class XMLLanguageDriver implements LanguageDriver {
public ParameterHandler createParameterHandler(MappedStatement mappedStatement, Object parameterObject, BoundSql boundSql) {
return new DefaultParameterHandler(mappedStatement, parameterObject, boundSql);
}
即生成 DefaultParameterHandler
public class DefaultParameterHandler implements ParameterHandler {
private final TypeHandlerRegistry typeHandlerRegistry;
private final MappedStatement mappedStatement;
private final Object parameterObject;
private BoundSql boundSql;
private Configuration configuration;
public DefaultParameterHandler(MappedStatement mappedStatement, Object parameterObject, BoundSql boundSql) {
this.mappedStatement = mappedStatement;
this.configuration = mappedStatement.getConfiguration();
this.typeHandlerRegistry = mappedStatement.getConfiguration().getTypeHandlerRegistry();
this.parameterObject = parameterObject;
this.boundSql = boundSql;
}
public Object getParameterObject() {
return parameterObject;
}
public void setParameters(PreparedStatement ps) throws SQLException {
ErrorContext.instance().activity("setting parameters").object(mappedStatement.getParameterMap().getId());
List parameterMappings = boundSql.getParameterMappings();
if (parameterMappings != null) {
for (int i = 0; i < parameterMappings.size(); i++) {
ParameterMapping parameterMapping = parameterMappings.get(i);
if (parameterMapping.getMode() != ParameterMode.OUT) {
Object value;
String propertyName = parameterMapping.getProperty();
if (boundSql.hasAdditionalParameter(propertyName)) { // issue #448 ask first for additional params
value = boundSql.getAdditionalParameter(propertyName);
} else if (parameterObject == null) {
value = null;
} else if (typeHandlerRegistry.hasTypeHandler(parameterObject.getClass())) {
value = parameterObject;
} else {
MetaObject metaObject = configuration.newMetaObject(parameterObject);
value = metaObject.getValue(propertyName);
}
TypeHandler typeHandler = parameterMapping.getTypeHandler();
JdbcType jdbcType = parameterMapping.getJdbcType();
if (value == null && jdbcType == null) jdbcType = configuration.getJdbcTypeForNull();
typeHandler.setParameter(ps, i + 1, value, jdbcType);
}
}
}
}
} this.boundSql= mappedStatement.getBoundSql(parameterObject);
它触发了sql 的解析，在解析sql的过程中，TypeHandler也被决断出来了，决断的原则就是根据参数的类型和参数对应的JDBC类型决定使用哪个TypeHandler。比如：参数类型是String的话就用StringTypeHandler，参数类型是整数的话就用IntegerTypeHandler等。
参数设置完毕后，执行数据库操作（update或query）。如果是query最后还有个查询结果的处理过程。
如果再结合Mybatis几个重要类来分析一下具体Sql语句的生成过程，了解一下MappedStatement、SqlSource等类 相信Mybatis的实现机制应该就比较清楚了。先写到这里了，如果有疏漏错误处，多多指出啊。