最近Dataguard做了好多测试，刚刚开始的时候出现最多的就是监听、tnsnames.ora配置有问题导致各种连接报错。
总结一下各种报错的处理方法：
情景1：主库是RAC，备库是single
oracle同一个报错引起的原因可能是很多，比如ORA-01031、ORA-12514。所以本文不打算针对报错去解决问题，而是讨论一下配置Dataguard要注意的地方。
情景1：主库是RAC，备库是single
1.pfile中dg参数注意service name，详见我之前的一篇博文
主要报错
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-10458: standby database requires recovery
ORA-01152: file 1 was not restored from a sufficiently old backup
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/oracle/oradata/BSTYLE/system.309.766573511'
alter.log有报错
Error 12154 received logging on to the standby
http://xu3jin.blog.51cto.com/2261216/1333200
2.备库静态监听配置
新手首先要搞清楚 动态监听、静态监听的区别 因为做备库同步的时候，备库一定是要配置静态监听的。这里我贴个能用的备库Listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/product/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME = orcl)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dg01)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
)
3. 备库密码文件的创建，可以直接复制主库的密码文件。如果你复制的是节点1那么rman做duplicate的时候就连节点1，否则会报密码文件错误。
情景2 主库是RAC,备库也是RAC
1.静态监听的配置与单实例不同了，这里我贴个能用的备库Listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/11.2.0.3/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER_SCAN3 = ON
ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER_SCAN2 = ON
ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER_SCAN1 = ON
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME = orcl1)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = LISTENER))
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/grid
ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER = ON
LISTENER_SCAN3 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = LISTENER_SCAN3))
)
LISTENER_SCAN2 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = LISTENER_SCAN2))
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER_SCAN3 = /u01/app/grid
LISTENER_SCAN1 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = LISTENER_SCAN1))
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER_SCAN2 = /u01/app/grid
ADR_BASE_LISTENER_SCAN1 = /u01/app/grid
根据自己环境修改相关的地方，修改后用crsctl重启监听
crsctlstop res ora.LISTENER.lsnr
crsctlstart res ora.LISTENER.lsnr
crsctlstatus res ora.LISTENER.lsnr
lsnrcltstatus
2. 如果你遇到使用sqlplus sys/oracle@orcl as sysdba不能登录而sqlplus sys/oracle@orcl可以，或者在备库没有nomount便不能连接的时候，请检查一下静态监听的配置，ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1这个是oracle用户下的$ORACLE_HOME而不是grid用户的$ORACLE_HOME