akka框架:(九)STM软件事务内存

转载:https://blog.csdn.net/liubenlong007/article/details/54576412

软件事务内存(STM):顾名思义,这是事务。与关系型数据库中的事务类似,具有ACID属性。
在分布式任务中,有可能会有和事务相关的处理,这里将举例说明AKKA中STM的用法。

假设公司给员工发工资业务,CompanyActor是公司actor, EmployeeActor是员工actor,公司账户减钱,员工账户加钱,这就要求事务。代码中有重要注释。

package akka.stm;

import akka.actor.ActorRef;
import akka.actor.ActorSystem;
import akka.actor.Props;
import akka.pattern.Patterns;
import akka.transactor.Coordinated;
import akka.util.Timeout;
import com.typesafe.config.ConfigFactory;
import scala.concurrent.Await;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

/**
 * Created by liubenlong on 2017/1/16.
 */
public class STMMain {
    public static ActorRef companyActor = null;
    public static ActorRef employeeActor = null;


    public static void main(String [] args) throws Exception {
        ActorSystem system = ActorSystem.create("stm", ConfigFactory.load("akka.conf"));
        companyActor = system.actorOf(Props.create(CompanyActor.class), "CompanyActor");
        employeeActor = system.actorOf(Props.create(EmployeeActor.class), "EmployeeActor");

        Timeout timeout = new Timeout(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

        for(int i = 0 ; i < 23; i ++){
            companyActor.tell(new Coordinated(i, timeout), ActorRef.noSender());

            Thread.sleep(200);

            int companyCount = (int) Await.result(Patterns.ask(companyActor, "getCount", timeout), timeout.duration());
            int employeeCount = (int) Await.result(Patterns.ask(employeeActor, "getCount", timeout), timeout.duration());

            System.out.println("companyCount = " + companyCount + ";employeeCount = " + employeeCount);
            System.out.println("-----------------------");
        }

    }
}

   
   
   
   
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package akka.stm;

import akka.actor.*;
import akka.event.Logging;
import akka.event.LoggingAdapter;
import akka.transactor.Coordinated;
import scala.concurrent.stm.Ref;
import scala.concurrent.stm.japi.STM;

/**
 * Created by liubenlong on 2017/1/12.
 */
public class CompanyActor extends UntypedActor {

    private final LoggingAdapter log = Logging.getLogger(getContext().system(), this);

    private Ref.View count = STM.newRef(100);//定义账户余额

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Object o) throws Throwable {
        if(o instanceof Coordinated){
            Coordinated coordinated = (Coordinated) o;
            int downCount = (int) coordinated.getMessage();//传递过来的参数,减多少。
            STMMain.employeeActor.tell(coordinated.coordinate(downCount), getSelf());//通知employeeActor增加费用

            try {//注意这里异常要及时处理,否则异常会一直扩散,导致回退到系统刚启动时的初始状态!
                coordinated.atomic(() -> {
                    if(count.get() < downCount) throw new RuntimeException("余额不足!");
                    STM.increment(count, -downCount);//减余额
                });
            }catch (Exception e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }else if("getCount".equals(o)){
            getSender().tell(count.get(), getSelf());
        }else{
            unhandled(o);
        }
    }

}

   
   
   
   
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package akka.stm;

import akka.actor.UntypedActor;
import akka.event.Logging;
import akka.event.LoggingAdapter;
import akka.transactor.Coordinated;
import scala.concurrent.stm.Ref;
import scala.concurrent.stm.japi.STM;

/**
 * Created by liubenlong on 2017/1/12.
 */
public class EmployeeActor extends UntypedActor {

    private final LoggingAdapter log = Logging.getLogger(getContext().system(), this);

    private Ref.View count = STM.newRef(20);//员工账户

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Object o) throws Throwable {
        if(o instanceof Coordinated){
            Coordinated coordinated = (Coordinated) o;
            int downCount = (int) coordinated.getMessage();//员工增加的工资

            try {//注意这里异常要及时处理,否则异常会一直扩散,导致回退到系统刚启动时的初始状态!
                coordinated.atomic(() -> STM.increment(count, downCount));//Employee增加工资
            }catch (Exception e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

        }else if("getCount".equals(o)){
            getSender().tell(count.get(), getSelf());
        }else{
            unhandled(o);
        }
    }

}

   
   
   
   
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运行结果:

“D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\bin\java” -Didea.launcher.port=7533 “-Didea.launcher.bin.path=D:\Program Files (x86)\ideaIU-2016.2.5\bin” -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath “D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\charsets.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\deploy.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge-64.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;D:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre\lib\ext\sunpkcs11.jar;D:\Program 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Files (x86)\ideaIU-2016.2.5\lib\idea_rt.jar” com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain akka.stm.STMMain
companyCount = 100;employeeCount = 20

companyCount = 99;employeeCount = 21

companyCount = 97;employeeCount = 23

companyCount = 94;employeeCount = 26

companyCount = 90;employeeCount = 30

companyCount = 85;employeeCount = 35

companyCount = 79;employeeCount = 41

companyCount = 72;employeeCount = 48

companyCount = 64;employeeCount = 56

companyCount = 55;employeeCount = 65

companyCount = 45;employeeCount = 75

companyCount = 34;employeeCount = 86

companyCount = 22;employeeCount = 98

java.lang.RuntimeException: 余额不足!
at akka.stm.CompanyActor.lambda o n R e c e i v e onReceive onReceive0(CompanyActor.java:34)
at akka.transactor.CoordinatedKaTeX parse error: Can't use function '$' in math mode at position 8: anonfun$̲atomic$1.apply(…anonfun a t o m i c atomic atomic1.apply(Coordinated.scala:157)
at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImpl M e m b e r I m p l MemberImpl MemberImpl a n o n f u n anonfun anonfunatomic 1. a p p l y ( C o m m i t B a r r i e r I m p l . s c a l a : 50 ) a t s c a l a . c o n c u r r e n t . s t m . c c s t m . C o m m i t B a r r i e r I m p l 1.apply(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:50) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImpl 1.apply(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:50)atscala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImplMemberImplKaTeX parse error: Can't use function '$' in math mode at position 8: anonfun$̲atomic$1.apply(…anonfun r e c e i v e receive receive1.applyOrElse(UntypedActor.scala:165)
at akka.actor.Actor c l a s s . a r o u n d R e c e i v e ( A c t o r . s c a l a : 496 ) a t a k k a . a c t o r . U n t y p e d A c t o r . a r o u n d R e c e i v e ( U n t y p e d A c t o r . s c a l a : 95 ) a t a k k a . a c t o r . A c t o r C e l l . r e c e i v e M e s s a g e ( A c t o r C e l l . s c a l a : 526 ) a t a k k a . a c t o r . A c t o r C e l l . i n v o k e ( A c t o r C e l l . s c a l a : 495 ) a t a k k a . d i s p a t c h . M a i l b o x . p r o c e s s M a i l b o x ( M a i l b o x . s c a l a : 257 ) a t a k k a . d i s p a t c h . M a i l b o x . r u n ( M a i l b o x . s c a l a : 224 ) a t a k k a . d i s p a t c h . M a i l b o x . e x e c ( M a i l b o x . s c a l a : 234 ) a t s c a l a . c o n c u r r e n t . f o r k j o i n . F o r k J o i n T a s k . d o E x e c ( F o r k J o i n T a s k . j a v a : 260 ) a t s c a l a . c o n c u r r e n t . f o r k j o i n . F o r k J o i n P o o l class.aroundReceive(Actor.scala:496) at akka.actor.UntypedActor.aroundReceive(UntypedActor.scala:95) at akka.actor.ActorCell.receiveMessage(ActorCell.scala:526) at akka.actor.ActorCell.invoke(ActorCell.scala:495) at akka.dispatch.Mailbox.processMailbox(Mailbox.scala:257) at akka.dispatch.Mailbox.run(Mailbox.scala:224) at akka.dispatch.Mailbox.exec(Mailbox.scala:234) at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinTask.doExec(ForkJoinTask.java:260) at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinPool class.aroundReceive(Actor.scala:496)atakka.actor.UntypedActor.aroundReceive(UntypedActor.scala:95)atakka.actor.ActorCell.receiveMessage(ActorCell.scala:526)atakka.actor.ActorCell.invoke(ActorCell.scala:495)atakka.dispatch.Mailbox.processMailbox(Mailbox.scala:257)atakka.dispatch.Mailbox.run(Mailbox.scala:224)atakka.dispatch.Mailbox.exec(Mailbox.scala:234)atscala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinTask.doExec(ForkJoinTask.java:260)atscala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinPoolWorkQueue.runTask(ForkJoinPool.java:1339)
at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinPool.runWorker(ForkJoinPool.java:1979)
at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinWorkerThread.run(ForkJoinWorkerThread.java:107)
akka.transactor.CoordinatedTransactionException: Exception in coordinated atomic
at akka.transactor.Coordinated.atomic(Coordinated.scala:144)
at akka.transactor.Coordinated.atomic(Coordinated.scala:157)
at akka.stm.EmployeeActor.onReceive(EmployeeActor.java:25)
at akka.actor.UntypedActorKaTeX parse error: Can't use function '$' in math mode at position 8: anonfun$̲receive$1.apply…anonfun a t o m i c atomic atomic1.apply(Coordinated.scala:157)
at akka.transactor.CoordinatedKaTeX parse error: Can't use function '$' in math mode at position 8: anonfun$̲atomic$1.apply(…anonfun a t o m i c atomic atomic1.apply(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:50)
at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImpl M e m b e r I m p l MemberImpl MemberImpl a n o n f u n anonfun anonfunatomic 1. a p p l y ( C o m m i t B a r r i e r I m p l . s c a l a : 43 ) a t s c a l a . c o n c u r r e n t . s t m . c c s t m . I n T x n I m p l . r u n B l o c k ( I n T x n I m p l . s c a l a : 560 ) a t s c a l a . c o n c u r r e n t . s t m . c c s t m . I n T x n I m p l . t o p L e v e l A t t e m p t ( I n T x n I m p l . s c a l a : 516 ) a t s c a l a . c o n c u r r e n t . s t m . c c s t m . I n T x n I m p l . t o p L e v e l A t o m i c I m p l ( I n T x n I m p l . s c a l a : 387 ) a t s c a l a . c o n c u r r e n t . s t m . c c s t m . I n T x n I m p l . a t o m i c ( I n T x n I m p l . s c a l a : 248 ) a t s c a l a . c o n c u r r e n t . s t m . c c s t m . C C S T M E x e c u t o r . a p p l y ( C C S T M E x e c u t o r . s c a l a : 24 ) a t s c a l a . c o n c u r r e n t . s t m . c c s t m . C o m m i t B a r r i e r I m p l 1.apply(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:43) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.runBlock(InTxnImpl.scala:560) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.topLevelAttempt(InTxnImpl.scala:516) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.topLevelAtomicImpl(InTxnImpl.scala:387) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.atomic(InTxnImpl.scala:248) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CCSTMExecutor.apply(CCSTMExecutor.scala:24) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImpl 1.apply(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:43)atscala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.runBlock(InTxnImpl.scala:560)atscala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.topLevelAttempt(InTxnImpl.scala:516)atscala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.topLevelAtomicImpl(InTxnImpl.scala:387)atscala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.atomic(InTxnImpl.scala:248)atscala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CCSTMExecutor.apply(CCSTMExecutor.scala:24)atscala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImplMemberImpl.atomic(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:43)
at akka.transactor.Coordinated.atomic(Coordinated.scala:141)
at akka.transactor.Coordinated.atomic(Coordinated.scala:157)
at akka.stm.CompanyActor.onReceive(CompanyActor.java:33)
… 12 more
companyCount = 9;employeeCount = 111

java.lang.RuntimeException: 余额不足!
companyCount = 9;employeeCount = 111
at akka.stm.CompanyActor.lambda o n R e c e i v e onReceive onReceive0(CompanyActor.java:34)

at akka.transactor.Coordinated$$anonfun$atomic$1.apply(Coordinated.scala:157)
at akka.transactor.Coordinated$$anonfun$atomic$1.apply(Coordinated.scala:157)
at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImpl$MemberImpl$$anonfun$atomic$1.apply(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:50)
at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImpl$MemberImpl$$anonfun$atomic$1.apply(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:43)
at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.runBlock(InTxnImpl.scala:560)
at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.topLevelAttempt(InTxnImpl.scala:516)
at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.topLevelAtomicImpl(InTxnImpl.scala:387)
at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.atomic(InTxnImpl.scala:248)
at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CCSTMExecutor.apply(CCSTMExecutor.scala:24)
at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImpl$MemberImpl.atomic(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:43)
at akka.transactor.Coordinated.atomic(Coordinated.scala:141)
at akka.transactor.Coordinated.atomic(Coordinated.scala:157)
at akka.stm.CompanyActor.onReceive(CompanyActor.java:33)
at akka.actor.UntypedActor$$anonfun$receive$1.applyOrElse(UntypedActor.scala:165)
at akka.actor.Actor$class.aroundReceive(Actor.scala:496)
at akka.actor.UntypedActor.aroundReceive(UntypedActor.scala:95)
at akka.actor.ActorCell.receiveMessage(ActorCell.scala:526)
at akka.actor.ActorCell.invoke(ActorCell.scala:495)
at akka.dispatch.Mailbox.processMailbox(Mailbox.scala:257)
at akka.dispatch.Mailbox.run(Mailbox.scala:224)
at akka.dispatch.Mailbox.exec(Mailbox.scala:234)
at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinTask.doExec(ForkJoinTask.java:260)
at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinPool$WorkQueue.runTask(ForkJoinPool.java:1339)
at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinPool.runWorker(ForkJoinPool.java:1979)
at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinWorkerThread.run(ForkJoinWorkerThread.java:107)

akka.transactor.CoordinatedTransactionException: Exception in coordinated atomic
at akka.transactor.Coordinated.atomic(Coordinated.scala:144)
at akka.transactor.Coordinated.atomic(Coordinated.scala:157)
at akka.stm.EmployeeActor.onReceive(EmployeeActor.java:25)
at akka.actor.UntypedActorKaTeX parse error: Can't use function '$' in math mode at position 8: anonfun$̲receive$1.apply…anonfun a t o m i c atomic atomic1.apply(Coordinated.scala:157)
at akka.transactor.CoordinatedKaTeX parse error: Can't use function '$' in math mode at position 8: anonfun$̲atomic$1.apply(…anonfun a t o m i c atomic atomic1.apply(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:50)
at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImpl M e m b e r I m p l MemberImpl MemberImpl a n o n f u n anonfun anonfunatomic 1. a p p l y ( C o m m i t B a r r i e r I m p l . s c a l a : 43 ) a t s c a l a . c o n c u r r e n t . s t m . c c s t m . I n T x n I m p l . r u n B l o c k ( I n T x n I m p l . s c a l a : 560 ) a t s c a l a . c o n c u r r e n t . s t m . c c s t m . I n T x n I m p l . t o p L e v e l A t t e m p t ( I n T x n I m p l . s c a l a : 516 ) a t s c a l a . c o n c u r r e n t . s t m . c c s t m . I n T x n I m p l . t o p L e v e l A t o m i c I m p l ( I n T x n I m p l . s c a l a : 387 ) a t s c a l a . c o n c u r r e n t . s t m . c c s t m . I n T x n I m p l . a t o m i c ( I n T x n I m p l . s c a l a : 248 ) a t s c a l a . c o n c u r r e n t . s t m . c c s t m . C C S T M E x e c u t o r . a p p l y ( C C S T M E x e c u t o r . s c a l a : 24 ) a t s c a l a . c o n c u r r e n t . s t m . c c s t m . C o m m i t B a r r i e r I m p l 1.apply(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:43) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.runBlock(InTxnImpl.scala:560) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.topLevelAttempt(InTxnImpl.scala:516) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.topLevelAtomicImpl(InTxnImpl.scala:387) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.atomic(InTxnImpl.scala:248) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CCSTMExecutor.apply(CCSTMExecutor.scala:24) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImpl 1.apply(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:43)atscala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.runBlock(InTxnImpl.scala:560)atscala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.topLevelAttempt(InTxnImpl.scala:516)atscala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.topLevelAtomicImpl(InTxnImpl.scala:387)atscala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.atomic(InTxnImpl.scala:248)atscala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CCSTMExecutor.apply(CCSTMExecutor.scala:24)atscala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImplMemberImpl.atomic(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:43)
at akka.transactor.Coordinated.atomic(Coordinated.scala:141)
at akka.transactor.Coordinated.atomic(Coordinated.scala:157)
at akka.stm.CompanyActor.onReceive(CompanyActor.java:33)
… 12 more
companyCount = 9;employeeCount = 111

java.lang.RuntimeException: 余额不足!
at akka.stm.CompanyActor.lambda o n R e c e i v e onReceive onReceive0(CompanyActor.java:34)
at akka.transactor.CoordinatedKaTeX parse error: Can't use function '$' in math mode at position 8: anonfun$̲atomic$1.apply(…anonfun a t o m i c atomic atomic1.apply(Coordinated.scala:157)
at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImpl M e m b e r I m p l MemberImpl MemberImpl a n o n f u n anonfun anonfunatomic 1. a p p l y ( C o m m i t B a r r i e r I m p l . s c a l a : 50 ) a t s c a l a . c o n c u r r e n t . s t m . c c s t m . C o m m i t B a r r i e r I m p l 1.apply(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:50) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImpl 1.apply(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:50)atscala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImplMemberImpl$ a n o n f u n anonfun anonfunatomic$1.apply(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:43)
at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.runBlock(InTxnImpl.scala:560)
at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.topLevelAttempt(InTxnImpl.scala:516)

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注意:需要引入transactor的maven配置:

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.typesafe.akkagroupId>
    <artifactId>akka-actor_2.11artifactId>
    <version>2.4.16version>
dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.typesafe.akkagroupId>
    <artifactId>akka-agent_2.11artifactId>
    <version>2.4.16version>
dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.typesafe.akkagroupId>
    <artifactId>akka-transactor_2.10artifactId>
    <version>2.3.16version>
dependency>
   
   
   
   
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参考资料

  • 书籍《java高并发程序设计》
  • AKKA官方文档

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