centos下LNMP搭建

LNMP安装与配置

1.准备php函数的rpm包
yum groupinstall "Development tools"
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers

2.准备lnmp其他的源代码包
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/nginx/nginx-0.8.46.tar.gz 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/php/php-5.2.14.tar.gz 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/phpfpm/php-5.2.14-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mysql/mysql-5.5.3-m3.tar.gz 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/libiconv/libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/memcache/memcache-2.2.5.tgz 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/pcre/pcre-8.10.tar.gz 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/eaccelerator/eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/pdo/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/ImageMagick.tar.gz 
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/imagick-2.3.0.tgz

3.安装php-5.2.14源代码包所需要的函数支持包
tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz; 
cd libiconv-1.13.1/; 
./configure --prefix=/usr/local; 
make && make install; 
cd ../;

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz; 
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/; 
./configure; 
make && make install;

cd libltdl/; 
./configure --enable-ltdl-install; 
make && make install; 
cd ../../;

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz; 
cd mhash-0.9.9.9/; 
./configure; 
make && make install; 
cd ../;

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la; 
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so; 
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4; 
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8; 
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a; 
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la; 
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so; 
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2; 
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1; 
ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config;

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz;
cd mcrypt-2.6.8/;
./configure; 
make && make install; 
cd ../;
configure: error: *** libmcrypt was not found
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib: LD_LIBRARY_PATH

4. 编译安装MySQL 5.5.3-m3
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --without-debug --enable-thread-safe-client --with-pthread --enable-assembler --enable-profiling --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --with-client-ldflags=-all-static --with-extra-charsets=all --with-plugins=all --with-mysqld-user=mysql --without-embedded-server --with-server-suffix=-community --with-unix-socket-path=/tmp/mysql.sock
make && make install

Useradd mysql
#创建mysql用户
Setfacl -m u:mysql:rwx -R /usr/local/mysql
Setfacl -m d:u:mysql:rwx -R /usr/local/mysql

#设置权限
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
#安装mysql和test数据库
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

#启动mysql服务
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password "123"

#修改mysql登录密码为123
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p123
#用mysql登录
cp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

#准备mysql配置文件
Vi /etc/my.cnf
default-character-set=utf8
#修改客户端和连接字符集
character-set-server=utf8
#修改服务器和数据库字符集
collation-server=utf8
#修改服务器校验字符集
pkill mysqld
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
#重启mysql服务让字符集生效
make[2]: *** [do_abi_check] 错误 1
在configure完成之后,用VI打开Makefile,删掉do_abi_check:目标后的所有语句

5. 编译安装PHP(FastCGI模式)
tar zxvf php-5.2.14.tar.gz 
gzip -cd php-5.2.14-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.14 -p1 
#解压并打补丁,让php支持fpm来方便管理php-cgi进程

cd php-5.2.14/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --enable-embed --enable-maintainer-zts --enable-debug --enable-opcache
make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv' 
make install 
cp php.ini-dist 
/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini 
cd ../

6.准备编译安装PHP5扩展模块
tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz
cd memcache-2.2.5/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize 
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config 
make && make install 
cd ../ 

tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2 
cd eaccelerator-0.9.6.1/ 
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize 
./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config 
make && make install 
cd ../ 

tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz 
cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/ 
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize 
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql 
make && make install 
cd ../ 

tar zxvf ImageMagick.tar.gz 
cd ImageMagick-6.5.1-2/ 
./configure 
make && make install  
cd ../ 

tar zxvf imagick-2.3.0.tgz 
cd imagick-2.3.0/ 
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize 
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config 
make && make install  
cd ../

7. 修改php.ini文件,让php模块生效
cp /lnmp/php-5.2.14/php.ini-dist /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
vi php.ini
extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"
extension = "memcache.so" 
extension = "pdo_mysql.so" 
extension = "imagick.so" 
再查找output_buffering = Off 修改为output_buffering = On 
再查找; cgi.fix_pathinfo=0 修改为cgi.fix_pathinfo=0,防止Nginx文件类型错误解析漏洞

8. 在php.ini中配置eAccelerator加速PHP
mkdir -p /usr/local/eaccelerator_cache
#准备eaccelerator缓存目录

Vi php.ini
[eaccelerator] 
zend_extension="/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so" 
eaccelerator.shm_size="64" 
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/eaccelerator_cache" 
eaccelerator.enable="1" 
eaccelerator.optimizer="1" 
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1" 
eaccelerator.debug="0" 
eaccelerator.filter="" 
eaccelerator.shm_max="0" 
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600" 
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600" 
eaccelerator.shm_only="0" 
eaccelerator.compress="1" 
eaccelerator.compress_level="9"

9.准备php-cgi和nginx进程执行者用户
Useradd nginx

10. 创建php-fpm配置文件- php-fpm.conf
vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

0
#0改成1,页面上会输出错误日志

Unix user of processes 
	nginx 
Unix group of processes 
	nginx
128 
#最大子进程数128,如果内存小于2G,则64个最佳

65535 
# Set open file desc rlimit,同时打开的文件数,linux系统允许同时打开的文件数为1024,修改linux系统中允许同时打开的文件,ulimit -SHn 65535,而且这个参数重启后还能生效,加到/etc/profile全局配置文件的最后,开机就会生效,ulimit -a查看open files 65535

1024 
#最大请求数, How much requests each process should execute before respawn.一个子进程能够回应1042个请求

11. 启动php-cgi(fastcgi)进程,监听127.0.0.1的9000端口,进程数为128(如果服务器内存小于3GB,可以只开启64个进程),用户为nginx:
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm start
#启动php-cgi
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm reload
#重新加载配置文件
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm stop
#关闭php-fpm,此时nginx肯定不上php

12. 安装Nginx所需的pcre库
tar zxvf pcre-8.10.tar.gz 
cd pcre-8.10/ 
./configure 
make && make install 
cd ../

13. 安装Nginx
tar zxvf nginx-0.8.46.tar.gz 
cd nginx-0.8.46/ 
./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module 
make && make install 
cd ../

14. 修改Nginx配置文件
vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

user nginx nginx; 
worker_processes 8;
#相当于cpu个数

error_log logs/nginx_error.log 
pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid; 

#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process. 
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535; 

events { 
	use epoll; 
	worker_connections 65535; 
} 

http { 
	include mime.types; 
	default_type application/octet-stream;
	#charset gb2312; 

	server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; 
	client_header_buffer_size 32k; 
	large_client_header_buffers 4 32k; 
	client_max_body_size 8m; 

	sendfile on; 
	tcp_nopush on; 

	keepalive_timeout 65; 

	tcp_nodelay on; 

	fastcgi_connect_timeout 300; 
	fastcgi_send_timeout 300; 
	fastcgi_read_timeout 300; 
	fastcgi_buffer_size 64k; 
	fastcgi_buffers 4 64k; 
	fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k; 
	fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k; 

	gzip on; 
	gzip_min_length 1k; 
	gzip_buffers 4 16k; 
	gzip_http_version 1.0; 
	gzip_comp_level 2; 
	gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml; 
	gzip_vary on; 

	#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;

	server { 
		listen 80; 
		server_name test.com; 
		index index.html index.htm index.php; 
		root /www; 

		#limit_conn crawler 20; 

		location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$ { 
			#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock; 
			fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; 
			fastcgi_index index.php;
			fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; 
			include fastcgi_params; 
		} 

		location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ { 
			expires 30d; 
		} 

		location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$ {
			expires 1h; 
		} 

		log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' 
								'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' 
									'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for'; 
		access_log /data1/logs/access.log access; 
	} 
}

15. 在/usr/local/nginx/conf/目录中创建fastcgi_params文件
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

#建议把fastcgi_param写到nginx.conf中而不是把它写到fastcgi_params配置文件中,否则配置不够灵活,比如后面默认php设置和alias php设置中,他们的php页面的系统地址是不同的,比如:

默认php文件->/usr/local/nginx/html/index.php
Alias php文件->/mnt/bbs/index.php

这个时候你会发现fastcgi_params中的SCRIPT_FILENAME的值是相同的,这样会导致alias php的页面出不来,而配置在nginx.conf中各自配置各自的php系统地址,这样比较灵活.
#如果你觉得每个连接php的配置中都要加这一句话有点冗余,那就把它加入到fastcgi_params文件中,这样只需要加一次,其他所有的nginx.conf中的有关连接fastcgi的一块就不用加fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name这一句话了.

16.配置开机启动nginx,php-fpm,ulimit
1)nginx
Vi /etc/rc.local
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
2)php-fpm
Vi /etc/rc.local
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm start
3)ulimit
Vi /etc/profile
Ulimit -SHn 65535

17.检查nginx配置文件语句错误
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

18.平滑重启nginx进程
1)Pkill -HUP nginx
2)kill -HUP `pgrep -uroot nginx`
3)/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

19. 编写每天定时切割Nginx日志的脚本

1、创建脚本/usr/local/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh
vi /usr/local/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh
#!/bin/bash # This script run at 00:00

# The Nginx logs path 
logs_path="/usr/local/nginx/logs/" 
mkdir -p ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/ 
mv ${logs_path}access.log ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/access_$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y%m%d").log 
kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid`

2、设置crontab,每天凌晨00:00切割nginx访问日志
crontab -e
00 00 * * * /bin/bash /usr/local/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh

20.配置nginx虚拟主机
Vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
server { 
	listen 80; 
	server_name www.test.com; 
	index index.html index.php index.htm; 
	root /web/baidu;
	location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$ { 
		fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; 
		fastcgi_index index.php;
		fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; 
		include fastcgi_params; 
	} 
	location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ { 
		expires 30d; 
	} 
	#设置图片在客户端缓存时间为30days 
	location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$ { 
		expires 1h; 
	} 
	#设置js和css文件在客户端的缓存时间为1hour 
	log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' 
						'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' 
						'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for'; 
	access_log logs/access.log access;
	#自定义日志区域 
}


21.列表页显示
location / {
autoindex on; #打开列表页
root html;
index index.html index.php index.htm;
}

22.虚拟目录设置
location /bbs{
alias /mnt/bbs/;
}
#这样配置html静态文件是可以出来的,但是php动态页面出不来,而且会浏览器的页面上会显示" No input file specified. "的报错,其实是php系统文件地址( SCRIPT_FILENAME)找不到,也就是说fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;中的$document_root$fastcgi_script_name不是真正的/mnt/bbs/index.php的地址,这可怎么解决:
location /bbs {
alias /mnt/bbs/;
index bbs.php index.html index.php;
}
location ~ ^/bbs/ {
root /mnt/;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
log_format bbs '$document_root$fastcgi_script_name ';
access_log logs/bbs.access.log bbs;
}
#后面两行是关于日志的,就是为了更好的观察由nginx提交给fastcgi的php的系统地址SCRIPT_FILENAME,在这里我用$request_filename来给SCRIPT_FILENAME赋值,在日志中的结果为/mnt/bbs/index.php,在这里我发现一个问题就是$request_filename中的root设置为/mnt,否则$request_filename的值为:/mnt/bbs/bbs/index.php.
由以上可以得到一个结论,就是默认php设置也可以这样设置关于SCRIPT_FILENAME:
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
log_format php '$document_root$fastcgi_script_name ';
access_log logs/php.access.log php;
}
#此时从日志中可以看到,$request_filename的值为/usr/local/nginx/html/index.php,而以前默认的/scripts$fastcgi_script_name显然是错的php系统地址,日志中显示为/scripts/index.php

23.nginx状态监控
location /nginxstatus{
stub_status on;
access_log off;
}
#客户端访问网址:http://www.test.com/nginxstatus
active connections – 活跃的连接数量
server accepts handled requests — 总共处理了111个连接 , 成功创建110次握手, 总共处理了110个请求
reading — 读取客户端的连接数.
writing — 响应数据到客户端的数量
waiting — 开启 keep-alive 的情况下,这个值等于 active – (reading+writing), 意思就是 Nginx 已经处理完正在等候下一次请求指令的驻留连接.



24.rewrite正则过滤
location ~ \.php$ {
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
}
Rewrite指令最后一项参数为flag标记,支持的flag标记如下:
Last 标示完成rewrite规则
Break 不再匹配后面的规则
Redirect 302临时重定向
Permanent 301永久重定向
Last和break用来实现uri重写,浏览器地址栏的url地址不变,但在服务器访问的路径发生了变化,redirect和permanent用来实现url跳转,浏览器地址栏会显示跳转后的url地址,使用alias指令时必须使用last标记,使用proxy_pass指令时要使用break标记,last标记在本条rewrite规则执行完毕后,会对其所在的server{}标签重新发起请求,而break标记则在本条规则匹配完成后,终止匹配,不再匹配后面的规则.
在匹配的过程中,nginx将首先匹配字符串,然后再匹配正则表达式,匹配到第一个正则表达式后,会停止搜索,如果匹配到正则表达式,则使用正则表达式的搜索结果,如果没有匹配到正则表达式,则使用字符串的搜索结果.
可以使用前缀"^~"来禁止匹配到字符串后,再去检查正则表达式,匹配到url后,将停止查询.
使用前缀"="可以进行精确的url匹配,如果找到匹配的uri,则停止查询,例如"location=/",只能匹配到"/",而"/test.html"则不能被匹配.
正则表达式的匹配,按照它们在配置文件中的顺序进行,写在前面的优先.
Location = / {
#仅仅匹配 /
[configuration A]
}
Location / {
#匹配任何以/开头的查询,但是正则表达式及较长的字符串(/bbs/)将被优先匹配.
[configuration B]
}
Location ^~ /images/ { 
#匹配任何以/images/开头的字符串,并且停止搜索,所以正则表达式将不会被检查.
[configuration C]
}
Location ~* \.(gif|jpg|jpeg)$ {
#匹配以.gif、.jpg、.jpeg结尾的任何请求,但是,/images/内的请求将使用configuration c的配置
[configuratoin D]
}
请求处理匹配结果示例:
/ -> configuration A;
/documents/document.html -> configuration B;
/images/1.gif -> configuration c;
/documents/1.jpg -> configuration D;

26.模块设置
Error_log
#错误日志
Include
#包含子配置文件,0.6版本以后子配置文件放在nginx.conf所在的路径下
Pid
#主进程id号
User
#nginx nginx表明nginx进程的执行者和组
Worker_processes
#与cpu个数相同,4核cpu为4
Worker_rlimit_nofile 65535
#打开的文件描述符,不过提前得设置ulimit -SHn 65535,即linux允许的打开文件个数
Worker_connectiones 65535
#客户端最大连接数65535
Alias
#虚拟目录
Error_page
#404,500错误跳转页面
Index
#index index.html,设置默认首页
Keepalive_timeout
#即tcp持续连接超时时间
Limit_rate
#limit _rate 100k,即限速为100KB/s
Limit_rate_after
#limit_rate_after 1m,即下载文件超过1m,则进入limit_rate限速阶段
Listen
#listen 192.168.100.1:80,即设置ip和端口
Location
#该指令允许对不同的uri进行不同的配置,可以是字符串、正则表达式
Resolver
#resolver 8.8.8.8,为nginx设置dns域名指向
Root
#设置网站根目录
Send_timeout
#超时时间是指进行了两次tcp握手,还没有转为established状态的时间,如果超过这个时间,客户没有响应,nginx则关闭连接,可以用来防止ddos攻击
Sendfile
#启用或禁用sendfile()函数,作用于拷贝两个文件描述符之间的操作函数,这个拷贝是在内核中操作的,比read和write拷贝高效得多
Server
#普通web配置或虚拟主机的配置的区域
Server_name
#根据客户端请求header头信息中的host域名,来匹配该请求应该由哪个虚拟主机配置或服务器的ip
Tcp_nodelay
#封装tcp/ip数据包的等待时间,也叫纳格算法,在keepalive开启才有用
Tcp_nopush
#要求sendfile开启的时候才起作用,设置该选择的原因是nginx在linux上,试图在一个包中发送它的httpd应答头
Allow
#allow 192.168.100.254,只允许192.168.100.254访问
Deny
#deny all,拒绝其他任何人访问
Autoindex
#autoindex on,即开启列表页功能
Charset
#charset utf8;source_charset gbk,把服务器上的gbk网页编码转换成utf8输出给客户端
Fastcgi_pass
#fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
#fastcgi_index index.php;
#fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
#include fastcgi_params;
#fastcgi_pass后跟的是php-cgi进程的ip和端口
Access_log
#正确日志
Proxy_pass
# proxy_pass http://myweb1,即后跟的是nginx代理负载池upstream中的服务器
Proxy_set_header
# proxy_set_header Host $host,设置把$host带给后端的nginx服务器
Proxy_temp_path
#用户指定一个本地目录缓冲较大的代理请求,类似于client_body_temp_path
Stub_status
# stub_status on,即开户状态监控
Image_filter
#它指定适用于图片的转换类型


PHP-version > 5.3.3:

在./configure 时 加上
--enable-fpm
使用PHP-FPM来控制PHP-CGI的FastCGI进程
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm{start|stop|quit|restart|reload|logrotate}
--start 启动php的fastcgi进程
--stop 强制终止php的fastcgi进程
--quit 平滑终止php的fastcgi进程
--restart 重启php的fastcgi进程
--reload 重新平滑加载php的php.ini
--logrotate 重新启用log文件

或者:

master进程可以理解以下信号

INT, TERM 立刻终止 QUIT 平滑终止 USR1 重新打开日志文件 USR2 平滑重载所有worker进程并重新载入配置和二进制模块

php-fpm 关闭:
kill -INT `cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid`

php-fpm 重启:
kill -USR2 `cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid`

查看php-fpm进程数:
ps aux | grep -c php-fpm


命令行下执行php,提示找不到命令
-bash: /usr/bin/php: No such file or directory
vi /etc/profile

在文件底部增加一行配置
export PATH=/usr/local/php/bin:$PATH
source /etc/profile

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