Mybatis高级查询
知识点总结
1、resultMap与resultType：
resultType： 将查询结果按照sql列名pojo属性名一致性映射到pojo中。
场合：常见一些明细记录的展示，比如用户购买商品明细，将关联查询信息全部展示在页面时，此时可直接使用resultType将每一条记录映射到pojo中，在前端页面遍历list（list中是pojo）即可。
resultMap：使用association和collection完成一对一和一对多高级映射（对结果有特殊的映射要求）。
2、association
作用： 将关联查询信息映射到一个pojo对象中。（一个对象）
场合：为了方便查询关联信息可以使用association将关联订单信息映射为用户对象的pojo属性中，比如：查询订单及关联用户信息。使用resultType无法将查询结果映射到pojo对象的pojo属性中，根据对结果集查询遍历的需要选择使用resultType还是resultMap。
3、collection
作用：将关联查询信息映射到一个list集合中。
场合：为了方便查询遍历关联信息可以使用collection将关联信息映射到list集合中，比如：查询用户权限范围模块及模块下的菜单，可使用collection将模块映射到模块list中，将菜单列表映射到模块对象的菜单list属性中，这样的作的目的也是方便对查询结果集进行遍历查询。
1.表
四张表,用户表，订单表，订单明细表，商品表
CREATE DATABASE mybatis DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci
CREATE TABLE `items` (
`id` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '商品名称',
`price` FLOAT(10,1) NOT NULL COMMENT '商品定价',
`detail` TEXT COMMENT '商品描述',
`pic` VARCHAR(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '商品图片',
`createtime` DATETIME NOT NULL COMMENT '生产日期',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
CREATE TABLE `orderdetail` (
`id` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`orders_id` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '订单id',
`items_id` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '商品id',
`items_num` INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '商品购买数量',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `FK_orderdetail_1` (`orders_id`),
KEY `FK_orderdetail_2` (`items_id`),
CONSTRAINT `FK_orderdetail_1` FOREIGN KEY (`orders_id`) REFERENCES `orders` (`id`) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION,
CONSTRAINT `FK_orderdetail_2` FOREIGN KEY (`items_id`) REFERENCES `items` (`id`) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
CREATE TABLE `orders` (
`id` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`user_id` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '下单用户id',
`number` VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '订单号',
`createtime` DATETIME NOT NULL COMMENT '创建订单时间',
`note` VARCHAR(100) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '备注',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `FK_orders_1` (`user_id`),
CONSTRAINT `FK_orders_id` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `user` (`id`) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=6 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
CREATE TABLE `user` (
`id` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`username` VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户名称',
`birthday` DATE DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '生日',
`sex` CHAR(1) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性别',
`address` VARCHAR(256) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '地址',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=27 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;关系如图：一个用户有多个订单，一个对应多个订单明细，一个订单明细对应一个商品信息。
插入数据：
INSERT INTO `items`(`id`,`name`,`price`,`detail`,`pic`,`createtime`) VALUES (1,'台式机',3000.0,'该电脑质量非常好！！！！',NULL,'2015-02-03 13:22:53'),(2,'笔记本',6000.0,'笔记本性能好，质量好！！！！！',NULL,'2015-02-09 13:22:57'),(3,'背包',200.0,'名牌背包，容量大质量好！！！！',NULL,'2015-02-06 13:23:02');
INSERT INTO `orderdetail`(`id`,`orders_id`,`items_id`,`items_num`) VALUES (1,3,1,1),(2,3,2,3),(3,4,3,4),(4,4,2,3);
INSERT INTO `orders`(`id`,`user_id`,`number`,`createtime`,`note`) VALUES (3,1,'1000010','2015-02-04 13:22:35',NULL),(4,1,'1000011','2015-02-03 13:22:41',NULL),(5,10,'1000012','2015-02-12 16:13:23',NULL);
INSERT INTO `user`(`id`,`username`,`birthday`,`sex`,`address`) VALUES (1,'王五',NULL,'2',NULL),(10,'张三','2014-07-10','1','北京市'),(16,'张小明',NULL,'1','河南郑州'),(22,'陈小明',NULL,'1','河南郑州'),(24,'张三丰',NULL,'1','河南郑州'),(25,'陈小明',NULL,'1','河南郑州'),(26,'王五',NULL,NULL,NULL);2.实体类
实体类Orders
package com.wx.domain;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
public class Orders {
private Integer id;
private Integer userId;
private String number;
private Date createtime;
private String note;
//用户信息
private User user;
//订单明细
private List orderdetails;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public Integer getUserId() {
return userId;
}
public void setUserId(Integer userId) {
this.userId = userId;
}
public String getNumber() {
return number;
}
public void setNumber(String number) {
this.number = number == null ? null : number.trim();
}
public Date getCreatetime() {
return createtime;
}
public void setCreatetime(Date createtime) {
this.createtime = createtime;
}
public String getNote() {
return note;
}
public void setNote(String note) {
this.note = note == null ? null : note.trim();
}
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
public List getOrderdetails() {
return orderdetails;
}
public void setOrderdetails(List orderdetails) {
this.orderdetails = orderdetails;
}
}
实体类User:
package com.wx.domain;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
public class User {
//属性名和数据库表的字段对应
private int id;
private String username;// 用户姓名
private String sex;// 性别
private Date birthday;// 生日
private String address;// 地址
//用户创建的订单列表
private List ordersList;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [id=" + id + ", username=" + username + ", sex=" + sex
+ ", birthday=" + birthday + ", address=" + address + "]";
}
public List getOrdersList() {
return ordersList;
}
public void setOrdersList(List ordersList) {
this.ordersList = ordersList;
}
}
关联查询结果类：OrdersCustom
package com.wx.domain;
//通过此类映射订单和用户查询的结果，让此类继承包括字段较多的pojo类
public class OrdersCustom extends Orders {
//添加用户属性
private String username;
private String sex;
private String address;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
}
实体类Orderdetail：
package com.wx.domain;
public class Orderdetail {
private Integer id;
private Integer ordersId;
private Integer itemsId;
private Integer itemsNum;
//明细对应的商品信息
private Items items;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public Integer getOrdersId() {
return ordersId;
}
public void setOrdersId(Integer ordersId) {
this.ordersId = ordersId;
}
public Integer getItemsId() {
return itemsId;
}
public void setItemsId(Integer itemsId) {
this.itemsId = itemsId;
}
public Integer getItemsNum() {
return itemsNum;
}
public void setItemsNum(Integer itemsNum) {
this.itemsNum = itemsNum;
}
public Items getItems() {
return items;
}
public void setItems(Items items) {
this.items = items;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Orderdetail [id=" + id + ", ordersId=" + ordersId
+ ", itemsId=" + itemsId + ", itemsNum=" + itemsNum + "]";
}
}
实体类Items：
package com.wx.domain;
import java.util.Date;
public class Items {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Float price;
private String pic;
private Date createtime;
private String detail;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name == null ? null : name.trim();
}
public Float getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(Float price) {
this.price = price;
}
public String getPic() {
return pic;
}
public void setPic(String pic) {
this.pic = pic == null ? null : pic.trim();
}
public Date getCreatetime() {
return createtime;
}
public void setCreatetime(Date createtime) {
this.createtime = createtime;
}
public String getDetail() {
return detail;
}
public void setDetail(String detail) {
this.detail = detail == null ? null : detail.trim();
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Items [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", price=" + price
+ ", pic=" + pic + ", createtime=" + createtime + ", detail="
+ detail + "]";
}
}
OrdersMapper.xml：
Mapper:
package com.wx.dao;
import com.wx.domain.Orders;
import com.wx.domain.OrdersCustom;
import com.wx.domain.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import java.util.List;
@Mapper
public interface OrdersMapper {
/***
* 查询订单关联查询用户信息,订单对用户是一个一对一的关系
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public List findOrdersUser(Orders orders)throws Exception;
/***
* 查询订单关联查询用户使用resultMap
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public List findOrdersUserResultMap(Orders orders)throws Exception;
/***
* 查询订单(关联用户)及订单明细
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public List findOrdersAndOrderDetailResultMap(Orders orders)throws Exception;
/**
* 查询用户购买商品信息
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public List findUserAndItemsResultMap()throws Exception;
/***
* 查询订单关联查询用户，用户信息是延迟加载
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public List findOrdersUserLazyLoading()throws Exception;
}
查询：一对一
package com.wx.controller;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.wx.dao.OrdersMapper;
import com.wx.domain.Orders;
import com.wx.domain.OrdersCustom;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
public class SeniorQueryController {
@Autowired
private SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
@RequestMapping(value = "/orderanduser",produces = "text/json;charset=UTF-8")
@ResponseBody
public String query(Orders orders) throws Exception {
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
OrdersMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(OrdersMapper.class);
List ordersUser = mapper.findOrdersUser(orders);
Gson gson=new Gson();
String json = gson.toJson(ordersUser);
return json;
}
}
结果：
使用resultMap作为返回值，才能真正关联到用户的信息。
一对一对多，查询订单关联查询用户及订单明细，一个订单包括多个订单明细
查询用户及购买的商品信息，使用resultmap
查询订单关联查询用户，用户信息是延迟加载
延迟加载其实就是将数据加载时机推迟，比如推迟嵌套查询的执行时机。在Mybatis中经常用到关联查询，但是并不是任何时候都需要立即返回关联查询结果。比如查询订单信息，并不一定需要及时返回订单对应的产品信息，查询商品分类信息并不一定要及时返回该类别下有哪些产品，这种情况一下需要一种机制，当需要查看时，再执行查询，返回需要的结果集，这种需求在Mybatis中可以使用延迟加载机制来实现。延迟加载可以实现先查询主表，按需实时做关联查询，返回关联表结果集，一定程度上提高了效率。
配置懒加载：
写上sql:
Mapper:
package com.wx.dao;
import com.wx.domain.Orders;
import com.wx.domain.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import java.util.List;
@Mapper
public interface LazyLoadMapper {
/***
* 查询订单关联查询用户，用户信息是延迟加载
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public List findOrdersUserLazyLoading(Orders orders)throws Exception;
User findUserByUserId(Integer user_id);
}
controller:
@RequestMapping(value = "/lazyload",produces = "text/json;charset=UTF-8")
@ResponseBody
public String lazyload(Orders orders) throws Exception {
System.out.println(orders.getId());
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
LazyLoadMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(LazyLoadMapper.class);
List resultMap = mapper.findOrdersUserLazyLoading(orders);
System.out.println("______________");
for (Orders orders1 : resultMap) {
System.out.println(orders1.getUserId());
}
String s = JSON.toJSONString(resultMap);
return s;
}
当查询order的时候只执行了一条语句：
取user属性的时候，才会继续执行下一条语句：
一对多懒加载时需要使用collection 返回集合