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Nacos 是 Spring Cloud Alibaba 生态中的重要组件之一,用于发现、配置和管理微服务。Nacos 提供了一组简单易用的特性集,可以快速实现 动态服务发现、服务配置、服务元数据及流量管理。
# 下载源码
git clone https://github.com/alibaba/nacos.git
# 安装到本地仓库
cd nacos/
mvn -Prelease-nacos clean install -U
cd distribution/target/nacos-server-0.7.0/nacos/bin
# Linux
./startup.sh -m standalone
# Windows
startup.cmd
启动完成后,访问 http://192.168.127.132:8848/nacos
账号:nacos
密码:nacos
Nacos 控制台
在 pom.xml
中主要添加依赖 spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloudgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discoveryartifactId>
dependency>
在 application.yml
中主要配置 Nacos 的地址
spring:
application:
# 服务名
name: service-provider
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
# 服务注册中心
server-addr: 192.168.127.132:8848
在 Application
入口类中主要添加注解 @EnableDiscoveryClient
开启服务注册发现功能
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ProviderApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ProviderApplication.class, args);
}
}
创建一个 RestController
提供 RestFul API 用于测试提供服务
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class EchoController {
@GetMapping(value = "/echo/{keyword}")
public String echo(@PathVariable(value = "keyword") String keyword) {
return "Hello Nacos Provider " + keyword + ";
}
}
启动项目,浏览器访问 http://192.168.127.132:8848/nacos
会发现有一个服务已经注册在 Nacos 中,服务名为 service-provider
此时访问网址 http://localhost:8848/echo/hi,浏览器会响应以下内容:
Hello Nacos Provider hi
在 pom.xml
中主要添加 spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery
和 spring-cloud-starter-openfeign
依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloudgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discoveryartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloudgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeignartifactId>
dependency>
在 Application
入口类中同样添加注解 @EnableDiscoveryClient
开启服务注册与发现功能,添加注解 @EnableFeignClients
开启 Feign
客户端
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class ConsumerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class, args);
}
}
创建业务层接口,通过 @FeignClient("服务名")
注解来指定具体调用哪个服务
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
@FeignClient(value = "service-provider")
public interface EchoService {
@GetMapping(value = "/echo/{keyword}")
String echo(@PathVariable(value = "keyword") String keyword);
}
创建 Controller 调用服务
import com.funtl.spring.cloud.alibaba.consumer.service.EchoService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class TestEchoController {
@Autowired
private EchoService echoService;
@GetMapping(value = "/feign/echo/{keyword}")
public String echoFeign(@PathVariable(value = "keyword") String keyword) {
return echoService.echo(keyword);
}
}
启动项目,访问网址 http://localhost:8080/feign/echo/hi
会发现有一个名为 service-consumer
的服务已经注册到 Nacos 中
此时再访问 http://localhost:8080/echo/hi,浏览器会同样响应以下内容:
Hello Nacos Provider hi