LeetCode-Given n points on a 2D plane, find the maximum number of points that lie on the same straig

Given n points on a 2D plane, find the maximum number of points that lie on the same straight line

题意为:给定二维平面上的n个点,找到位于同一直线上的最大点数。
  1. 我们都知道,两点可以确定一条直线,而且可以写成y = ax + b的形式,在一条直线上的点都满足这个公式。所以这些给定点两两之间都可以算一个斜率,每个斜率代表一条直线,对每一条直线,带入所有的点看是否共线,并计算个数,这是整体的思路。

  2. 当两个点重合时,无法确定一条直线,但这也是共线的情况,需要特殊处理。

  3. 当斜率不存在时,由于两个点(x1, y1)和(x2, y2)的斜率k表示为(y2 - y1) / (x2 - x1),那么当x1 = x2时斜率不存在,这种共线情况需要特殊处理。

  4. 我们需要用到哈希表来记录斜率和共线点个数之间的映射,其中第一种重合点的情况我们假定其斜率为INT_MIN,第二种情况我们假定其斜率为INT_MAX,这样都可以用map映射了。

  5. 我们还需要定一个变量duplicate来记录重合点的个数,最后只需和哈希表中的数字相加即为共线点的总数。

方法一:

class Solution {
public:
    int maxPoints(vector& points) {
        int res = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < points.size(); ++i) 
        {
            unordered_map<float, int> m;
            int duplicate = 1;
            for (int j = i + 1; j < points.size(); ++j)
             {
                if (points[i].x == points[j].x && points[i].y == points[j].y) {
                    ++duplicate;
                }
                 else if (points[i].x == points[j].x) 
                {
                    ++m[INT_MAX];
                } 
                else 
                {
                    float slope = (float)(points[j].y - points[i].y) / (points[j].x - points[i].x);
                    ++m[slope];
                }
            }
            res = max(res, duplicate);
            for (auto it = m.begin(); it != m.end(); ++it) 
            {
                res = max(res, it->second + duplicate);
            }
        }
        return res;
    }
};

方案二:

class Solution {
public:
    int maxPoints(vector& points) {
        int res = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < points.size(); ++i) 
        {
            mapint, int>, int> m;
            int duplicate = 1;
            for (int j = i + 1; j < points.size(); ++j) 
            {
                if (points[i].x == points[j].x && points[i].y == points[j].y) 
                {

                    ++duplicate; continue;
                } 
                int dx = points[j].x - points[i].x;
                int dy = points[j].y - points[i].y;
                int d = gcd(dx, dy);
                ++m[{dx / d, dy / d}];
            }
            res = max(res, duplicate);
            for (auto it = m.begin(); it != m.end(); ++it) 
            {
                res = max(res, it->second + duplicate);
            }
        }
        return res;
    }
    int gcd(int a, int b) 
    {
        return (b == 0) ? a : gcd(b, a % b);
    }
};

方案三:

class Solution {
public:
    int maxPoints(vector& points) {
        int res = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < points.size(); ++i) 
        {
            int duplicate = 1;
            for (int j = i + 1; j < points.size(); ++j) 
            {
                int cnt = 0;
                long long x1 = points[i].x, y1 = points[i].y;
                long long x2 = points[j].x, y2 = points[j].y;
                if (x1 == x2 && y1 == y2) {++duplicate; continue;}
                for (int k = 0; k < points.size(); ++k) 
                {
                    int x3 = points[k].x, y3 = points[k].y;
                    if (x1 * y2 + x2 * y3 + x3 * y1 - x3 * y2 - x2 * y1 - x1 * y3 == 0) 
                    {
                        ++cnt;
                    }
                }
                res = max(res, cnt);
            }
            res = max(res, duplicate);
        }
        return res;
    }
};

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