实验任务一:local_pref属性
建立bgp邻居
[RTD]ip route-static 2.2.2.2 32 10.10.10.9
[RTD]ip route-static 3.3.3.3 32 10.10.10.9
[RTC]ip route-static 2.2.2.2 32 10.10.10.5
[RTC]ip route-static 4.4.4.4 32 10.10.10.10
[RTB]ip route-static 3.3.3.3 32 10.10.10.6
[RTB]ip route-static 4.4.4.4 32 10.10.10.6
[RTA]bgp 100
[RTA-bgp-default]peer 10.10.10.2 as-number 200
[RTA-bgp-default]peer 10.10.20.2 as-number 200
[RTA-bgp-default]address-family ipv4
[RTA-bgp-default-ipv4]peer 10.10.10.2 enable
[RTA-bgp-default-ipv4]peer 10.10.20.2 enable
[RTB]bgp 200
[RTB-bgp-default]peer 10.10.10.1 as-number 100
[RTB-bgp-default]peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 200
[RTB-bgp-default]peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[RTB-bgp-default]address-family ipv4
[RTB-bgp-default-ipv4]import-route direct
[RTB-bgp-default-ipv4]network 2.2.2.2 32
[RTB-bgp-default-ipv4]peer 3.3.3.3 enable
[RTB-bgp-default-ipv4]peer 3.3.3.3 next-hop-local
[RTB-bgp-default-ipv4]peer 10.10.10.1 enable
[RTC-LoopBack0]bgp 200
[RTC-bgp-default]peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 200
[RTC-bgp-default]peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 200
[RTC-bgp-default]peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[RTC-bgp-default]peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[RTC-bgp-default]address-family ipv4
[RTC-bgp-default-ipv4]peer 2.2.2.2 enable
[RTC-bgp-default-ipv4]peer 4.4.4.4 enable
[RTC-bgp-default-ipv4]import-route direct
[RTC-bgp-default-ipv4]network 3.3.3.3 32
[RTD]bgp 200
[RTD-bgp-default]peer 10.10.20.1 as-number 100
[RTD-bgp-default]peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 200
[RTD-bgp-default]peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[RTD-bgp-default]address-family ipv4
[RTD-bgp-default-ipv4]peer 10.10.20.1 enable
[RTD-bgp-default-ipv4]peer 3.3.3.3 enable
[RTD-bgp-default-ipv4]import-route direct
[RTD-bgp-default-ipv4]network 4.4.4.4 32
- 查看路由表信息
display ip routing-table
Destinations : 22 Routes : 22
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
1.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
2.2.2.2/32 BGP 255 0 10.10.10.2 GE0/0
3.3.3.3/32 BGP 255 0 10.10.10.2 GE0/0
4.4.4.4/32 BGP 255 0 10.10.20.2 GE0/1
10.10.10.0/30 Direct 0 0 10.10.10.1 GE0/0
10.10.10.0/32 Direct 0 0 10.10.10.1 GE0/0
10.10.10.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
10.10.10.3/32 Direct 0 0 10.10.10.1 GE0/0
10.10.10.4/30 BGP 255 0 10.10.10.2 GE0/0
10.10.10.8/30 BGP 255 0 10.10.20.2 GE0/1
10.10.20.0/30 Direct 0 0 10.10.20.1 GE0/1
10.10.20.0/32 Direct 0 0 10.10.20.1 GE0/1
10.10.20.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
10.10.20.3/32 Direct 0 0 10.10.20.1 GE0/1
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
224.0.0.0/4 Direct 0 0 0.0.0.0 NULL0
224.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 0.0.0.0 NULL0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
display bgp routing-table ipv4
Total number of routes: 10
BGP local router ID is 1.1.1.1
Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - dampened, h - history
s - suppressed, S - stale, i - internal, e - external
a - additional-path
Origin: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn
-
e 2.2.2.2/32 10.10.10.2 0 0 200i
-
e 3.3.3.3/32 10.10.10.2 0 200i
- e 10.10.20.2 0 200i
-
e 4.4.4.4/32 10.10.20.2 0 0 200i
-
e 10.10.10.0/30 10.10.10.2 0 0 200?
-
e 10.10.10.4/30 10.10.10.2 0 0 200?
- e 10.10.20.2 0 200?
-
e 10.10.10.8/30 10.10.20.2 0 0 200?
- e 10.10.10.2 0 200?
-
e 10.10.20.0/30 10.10.20.2 0 0 200?
为什么优选10.10.10.2.不选10.10.20.2,优选原则最后一条。
- 修改LOCAL_PREF属性
display bgp routing-table ipv4
Total number of routes: 13
BGP local router ID is 3.3.3.3
Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - dampened, h - history
s - suppressed, S - stale, i - internal, e - external
a - additional-path
Origin: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn
-
i 1.1.1.1/32 2.2.2.2 0 100 0 100i
- i 10.10.20.1 0 100 0 100i
-
i 2.2.2.2/32 2.2.2.2 0 100 0 i
-
3.3.3.3/32 127.0.0.1 0 32768 i
-
i 4.4.4.4/32 4.4.4.4 0 100 0 i
-
i 10.10.10.0/30 2.2.2.2 0 100 0 ?
-
10.10.10.4/30 10.10.10.6 0 32768 ?
- i 2.2.2.2 0 100 0 ?
-
10.10.10.6/32 127.0.0.1 0 32768 ?
-
10.10.10.8/30 10.10.10.9 0 32768 ?
- i 4.4.4.4 0 100 0 ?
-
10.10.10.9/32 127.0.0.1 0 32768 ?
-
i 10.10.20.0/30 4.4.4.4 0 100 0 ?
修改LOCAL_PREF属性
[RTD-bgp-default-ipv4] default local-preference 300
查看RTA BGP路由表
[RTA-bgp-default-ipv4]display bgp routing-table ipv4
Total number of routes: 11
BGP local router ID is 1.1.1.1
Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - dampened, h - history
s - suppressed, S - stale, i - internal, e - external
a - additional-path
Origin: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn
-
1.1.1.1/32 127.0.0.1 0 32768 i
-
e 2.2.2.2/32 10.10.10.2 0 0 200i
-
e 3.3.3.3/32 10.10.10.2 0 200i
- e 10.10.20.2 0 200i
-
e 4.4.4.4/32 10.10.20.2 0 0 200i
-
e 10.10.10.0/30 10.10.10.2 0 0 200?
-
e 10.10.10.4/30 10.10.10.2 0 0 200?
- e 10.10.20.2 0 200?
-
e 10.10.10.8/30 10.10.20.2 0 0 200?
- e 10.10.10.2 0 200?
-
e 10.10.20.0/30 10.10.20.2 0 0 200?
[RTC]display bgp routing-table ipv4
Total number of routes: 13
BGP local router ID is 3.3.3.3
Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - dampened, h - history
s - suppressed, S - stale, i - internal, e - external
a - additional-path
Origin: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn
-
i 1.1.1.1/32 10.10.20.1 0 300 0 100i
- i 2.2.2.2 0 100 0 100i
-
i 2.2.2.2/32 2.2.2.2 0 100 0 i
-
3.3.3.3/32 127.0.0.1 0 32768 i
-
i 4.4.4.4/32 4.4.4.4 0 300 0 i
-
i 10.10.10.0/30 2.2.2.2 0 100 0 ?
-
10.10.10.4/30 10.10.10.6 0 32768 ?
- i 2.2.2.2 0 100 0 ?
-
10.10.10.6/32 127.0.0.1 0 32768 ?
-
10.10.10.8/30 10.10.10.9 0 32768 ?
- i 4.4.4.4 0 300 0 ?
-
10.10.10.9/32 127.0.0.1 0 32768 ?
-
i 10.10.20.0/30 4.4.4.4 0 300 0 ?
在上面可知:LOCAL_PREF是在AS内传播的,且是向本AS内的路由器转发的路由上local_pref值的修改。影响的是离开AS的路由。
默认值是100
[RTA-bgp-default-ipv4]display bgp routing-table ipv4
Total number of routes: 11
BGP local router ID is 1.1.1.1
Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - dampened, h - history
s - suppressed, S - stale, i - internal, e - external
a - additional-path
Origin: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn
-
1.1.1.1/32 127.0.0.1 0 32768 i
-
e 2.2.2.2/32 10.10.10.2 0 0 200i
-
e 3.3.3.3/32 10.10.10.2 0 200i
- e 10.10.20.2 0 200i
-
e 4.4.4.4/32 10.10.20.2 0 0 200i
-
e 10.10.10.0/30 10.10.10.2 0 0 200?
-
e 10.10.10.4/30 10.10.10.2 0 0 200?
- e 10.10.20.2 0 200?
-
e 10.10.10.8/30 10.10.20.2 0 0 200?
- e 10.10.10.2 0 200?
-
e 10.10.20.0/30 10.10.20.2 0 0 200?
- 修改MED属性
[RTA]display bgp routing-table ipv4
Total number of routes: 11
BGP local router ID is 1.1.1.1
Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - dampened, h - history
s - suppressed, S - stale, i - internal, e - external
a - additional-path
Origin: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn
-
1.1.1.1/32 127.0.0.1 0 32768 i
-
e 2.2.2.2/32 10.10.10.2 0 0 200i
-
e 3.3.3.3/32 10.10.10.2 0 200i
- e 10.10.20.2 0 200i
-
e 4.4.4.4/32 10.10.20.2 0 0 200i
-
e 10.10.10.0/30 10.10.10.2 0 0 200?
-
e 10.10.10.4/30 10.10.20.2 0 200?
- e 10.10.10.2 0 0 200?
-
e 10.10.10.8/30 10.10.10.2 0 200?
- e 10.10.20.2 0 0 200?
-
e 10.10.20.0/30 10.10.20.2 0 0 200?
display bgp routing-table ipv4
Total number of routes: 13
BGP local router ID is 3.3.3.3
Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - dampened, h - history
s - suppressed, S - stale, i - internal, e - external
a - additional-path
Origin: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn
-
i 1.1.1.1/32 2.2.2.2 0 100 0 100i
- i 10.10.20.1 0 100 0 100i
-
i 2.2.2.2/32 2.2.2.2 0 100 0 i
-
3.3.3.3/32 127.0.0.1 0 32768 i
-
i 4.4.4.4/32 4.4.4.4 0 100 0 i
-
i 10.10.10.0/30 2.2.2.2 0 100 0 ?
-
10.10.10.4/30 10.10.10.6 0 32768 ?
- i 2.2.2.2 0 100 0 ?
-
10.10.10.6/32 127.0.0.1 0 32768 ?
-
10.10.10.8/30 10.10.10.9 0 32768 ?
- i 4.4.4.4 0 100 0 ?
-
10.10.10.9/32 127.0.0.1 0 32768 ?
-
i 10.10.20.0/30 4.4.4.4 0 100 0 ?
修改MED属性
[RTB-bgp-default-ipv4]default med 10
[RTA]display bgp routing-table ipv4
Total number of routes: 11
BGP local router ID is 1.1.1.1
Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - dampened, h - history
s - suppressed, S - stale, i - internal, e - external
a - additional-path
Origin: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn
-
1.1.1.1/32 127.0.0.1 0 32768 i
-
e 2.2.2.2/32 10.10.10.2 10 0 200i
-
e 3.3.3.3/32 10.10.10.2 0 200i
- e 10.10.20.2 0 200i
-
e 4.4.4.4/32 10.10.20.2 0 0 200i
-
e 10.10.10.0/30 10.10.10.2 10 0 200?
-
e 10.10.10.4/30 10.10.20.2 0 200?
- e 10.10.10.2 10 0 200?
-
e 10.10.10.8/30 10.10.10.2 0 200?
- e 10.10.20.2 0 0 200?
-
e 10.10.20.0/30 10.10.20.2 0 0 200?
display bgp routing-table ipv4
Total number of routes: 13
BGP local router ID is 3.3.3.3
Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - dampened, h - history
s - suppressed, S - stale, i - internal, e - external
a - additional-path
Origin: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn
-
i 1.1.1.1/32 2.2.2.2 0 100 0 100i
- i 10.10.20.1 0 100 0 100i
-
i 2.2.2.2/32 2.2.2.2 10 100 0 i
-
3.3.3.3/32 127.0.0.1 0 32768 i
-
i 4.4.4.4/32 4.4.4.4 0 100 0 i
-
i 10.10.10.0/30 2.2.2.2 10 100 0 ?
-
10.10.10.4/30 10.10.10.6 0 32768 ?
- i 2.2.2.2 10 100 0 ?
-
10.10.10.6/32 127.0.0.1 0 32768 ?
-
10.10.10.8/30 10.10.10.9 0 32768 ?
- i 4.4.4.4 0 100 0 ?
-
10.10.10.9/32 127.0.0.1 0 32768 ?
-
i 10.10.20.0/30 4.4.4.4 0 100 0 ?
MED在AS内AS间都传播,MED越小越优先。一般影响AS间的选路。
MED默认值是0
总结:default med x,default local_pref y,都是根据自己产生的路由传播修改MED值,从邻居学到的路由不会修改其中的MED值。