QT5（5）窗口布局

代码自行补充头文件

一、分割窗口QSplitter

在新建项目时不选创建窗口，在main.cpp中修改为：

#include "mainwindow.h"
#include 
#include 
#include 

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);

    QSplitter *splitMain = new QSplitter(Qt::Horizontal,0);     //Qt::Horizontal设置为水平分割，0代表为主窗口，无父窗口
    QTextEdit *textLeft = new QTextEdit(QObject::tr("Left"),splitMain);  //为splitMain窗口添加控件
    textLeft->setAlignment(Qt::AlignCenter);

    QSplitter *splitterRight =new QSplitter(Qt::Vertical,splitMain);   //Qt::Vertical设置为竖直分割，splitMain代表为父窗口
    splitterRight->setOpaqueResize(false);                          //为splitterRight设置拖动时是否实时更新，false拖动时只有一个线条
    QTextEdit *textUp =new QTextEdit(QObject::tr("Top"),splitterRight);  //为splitterRight窗口添加控件
    textUp->setAlignment(Qt::AlignCenter);
    QTextEdit *textBottom =new QTextEdit(QObject::tr("Bottom"),splitterRight);
    textBottom->setAlignment(Qt::AlignCenter);

    splitMain->setStretchFactor(1,1);                //设置可伸缩控件，第一个参数为控件序号，第二个参数0代表可伸缩，放大整个窗口大小可以发现左边小窗口大小不变
    splitMain->setWindowTitle(QObject::tr("分割"));  //设置窗口title
    splitMain->show();

//    MainWindow w;
//    w.show();

    return a.exec();
}

二、停靠窗口QDockWidget

在新建项目时不选创建窗口，在mainwindow.cpp中修改为：

    setWindowTitle(tr("停靠窗口")); //设置主窗口的标题
    QTextEdit *teMain=new QTextEdit(this);
    teMain->setText(tr("主窗口"));
    teMain->setAlignment(Qt::AlignCenter);
    setCentralWidget(teMain);


    //停靠1
    QDockWidget *dock=new QDockWidget(tr("停靠1"),this);
    dock->setFeatures(QDockWidget::DockWidgetMovable);            //设置可移动
    dock->setAllowedAreas(Qt::LeftDockWidgetArea|Qt::RightDockWidgetArea);   //设置停靠位置
    QTextEdit *teOne =new QTextEdit();
    teOne->setText(tr("可左右停靠"));
    dock->setWidget(teOne);
    addDockWidget(Qt::RightDockWidgetArea,dock);    //将窗口放在右边

    //停靠2
    dock=new QDockWidget(tr("停靠2"),this);
    dock->setFeatures(QDockWidget::DockWidgetClosable|QDockWidget::DockWidgetFloatable); //设置可关闭、可浮动但不可移动
    QTextEdit *teTwo =new QTextEdit();
    teTwo->setText(tr("右上角有关闭按钮和浮动按钮"));
    dock->setWidget(teTwo);
    addDockWidget(Qt::RightDockWidgetArea,dock);   //将窗口放在右边

    //停靠3
    dock=new QDockWidget(tr("停靠3"),this);
    dock->setFeatures(QDockWidget::AllDockWidgetFeatures);     //设置允许全部特性
    QTextEdit *teThree =new QTextEdit();
    teThree->setText(tr("具备全部特性"));
    dock->setWidget(teThree);
    addDockWidget(Qt::RightDockWidgetArea,dock);

三、堆栈窗体QStackedWidget

在新建项目时不选创建窗口，在mainwindow.cpp中修改为：

    QWidget *cenWidget = new QWidget(this);         //避免layout重复
    setCentralWidget(cenWidget);

    setWindowTitle(tr("堆栈窗口"));

    list = new QListWidget(cenWidget);              //新建list控件
    list->insertItem(0,tr("list1"));
    list->insertItem(1,tr("list2"));
    list->insertItem(2,tr("list3"));

    label1 =new QLabel(tr("list1 text"));     //新建三个lebel
    label2 =new QLabel(tr("list2 text"));
    label3 =new QLabel(tr("list3 text"));

    stack =new QStackedWidget(cenWidget);          //新建栈控件并将三个label添加其中
    stack->addWidget(label1);
    stack->addWidget(label2);
    stack->addWidget(label3);


    QHBoxLayout *mainLayout =new QHBoxLayout(cenWidget);      //使用QHBoxLayout布局
    mainLayout->setMargin(5);
    mainLayout->setSpacing(5);
    mainLayout->addWidget(list);
    mainLayout->addWidget(stack,0,Qt::AlignHCenter);
    mainLayout->setStretchFactor(list,1);                   //修改控件占据比例
    mainLayout->setStretchFactor(stack,3);

 connect(list,SIGNAL(currentRowChanged(int)),stack,SLOT(setCurrentIndex(int)));  //绑定list和stack

在mainwindow.h中修改为：

private:
    QListWidget *list;
    QStackedWidget *stack;
    QLabel *label1;
    QLabel *label2;
    QLabel *label3;

四、基本布局QLayout

基本布局类继承关系如下：

在mainwindow.h中修改为：

private:
        //左侧
        QLabel *UserNameLabel;
        QLabel *NameLabel;
        QLabel *SexLabel;
        QLabel *DepartmentLabel;
        QLabel *AgeLabel;
        QLabel *OtherLabel;
        QLineEdit *UserNameLineEdit;
        QLineEdit *NameLineEdit;
        QComboBox *SexComboBox;
        QTextEdit *DepartmentTextEdit;
        QLineEdit *AgeLineEdit;
        QGridLayout *LeftLayout;
        //右侧
        QLabel *HeadLabel;          //右上角部分
        QLabel *HeadIconLabel;
        QPushButton *UpdateHeadBtn;
        QHBoxLayout *TopRightLayout;

        QLabel *IntroductionLabel;
        QTextEdit *IntroductionTextEdit;
        QVBoxLayout *RightLayout;
        //底部
        QPushButton *OkBtn;
        QPushButton *CancelBtn;
        QHBoxLayout *ButtomLayout;

在mainwindow.cpp中修改为：

    QWidget *cenWidget = new QWidget(this);         //避免layout重复
    setCentralWidget(cenWidget);
    setWindowTitle(tr("UserInfo"));


    /************** 左侧 ******************************/
    UserNameLabel =new QLabel(tr("用户名："));
    UserNameLineEdit =new QLineEdit();
    NameLabel =new QLabel(tr("姓名："));
    NameLineEdit =new QLineEdit();
    SexLabel =new QLabel(tr("性别："));
    SexComboBox =new QComboBox();
    SexComboBox->addItem(tr("女"));
    SexComboBox->addItem(tr("男"));
    DepartmentLabel =new QLabel(tr("部门："));
    DepartmentTextEdit =new QTextEdit();
    AgeLabel =new QLabel(tr("年龄："));
    AgeLineEdit =new QLineEdit();
    OtherLabel =new QLabel(tr("备注："));
    OtherLabel->setFrameStyle(QFrame::Panel|QFrame::Sunken);

    LeftLayout =new QGridLayout();                          //网格布局
    LeftLayout->addWidget(UserNameLabel,0,0);               //用户名
    LeftLayout->addWidget(UserNameLineEdit,0,1);

    LeftLayout->addWidget(NameLabel,1,0);                   //姓名
    LeftLayout->addWidget(NameLineEdit,1,1);

    LeftLayout->addWidget(SexLabel,2,0);                    //性别
    LeftLayout->addWidget(SexComboBox,2,1);

    LeftLayout->addWidget(DepartmentLabel,3,0);             //部门
    LeftLayout->addWidget(DepartmentTextEdit,3,1);

    LeftLayout->addWidget(AgeLabel,4,0);                    //年龄
    LeftLayout->addWidget(AgeLineEdit,4,1);

    LeftLayout->addWidget(OtherLabel,5,0,1,2);              //其他  5为行，0为列，1为类似行高，2为类似列高

    LeftLayout->setColumnStretch(0,1);
    LeftLayout->setColumnStretch(1,3);


    /***************右侧************************************/
    HeadLabel =new QLabel(tr("头像： "));                    //右上角部分
    HeadIconLabel =new QLabel;
    QPixmap icon("312.jpg");
    HeadIconLabel->setPixmap(icon);
    HeadIconLabel->resize(icon.width(),icon.height());
    UpdateHeadBtn =new QPushButton(tr("更新"));

    TopRightLayout =new QHBoxLayout();                      //水平布局
    TopRightLayout->setSpacing(20);
    TopRightLayout->addWidget(HeadLabel);
    TopRightLayout->addWidget(HeadIconLabel);
    TopRightLayout->addWidget(UpdateHeadBtn);

    IntroductionLabel =new QLabel(tr("个人说明："));         //右下角部分
    IntroductionTextEdit =new QTextEdit;

    RightLayout =new QVBoxLayout();                          //垂直布局
    RightLayout->setMargin(10);
    RightLayout->addLayout(TopRightLayout);
    RightLayout->addWidget(IntroductionLabel);
    RightLayout->addWidget(IntroductionTextEdit);


    /*--------------------- 底部 --------------------*/
    OkBtn =new QPushButton(tr("确定"));
    CancelBtn =new QPushButton(tr("取消"));

    ButtomLayout =new QHBoxLayout();                          //水平布局
    ButtomLayout->addStretch();
    ButtomLayout->addWidget(OkBtn);
    ButtomLayout->addWidget(CancelBtn);


    /*---------主布局：固定三个布局模块位置----------------------*/
    QGridLayout *mainLayout =new QGridLayout(cenWidget);
    mainLayout->setMargin(15);
    mainLayout->setSpacing(10);
    mainLayout->addLayout(LeftLayout,0,0);
    mainLayout->addLayout(RightLayout,0,1);
    mainLayout->addLayout(ButtomLayout,1,0,1,2);
    mainLayout->setSizeConstraint(QLayout::SetFixedSize);