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对于经常使用第三方框架进行web开发的程序员来说,Java线程池理所应当是非常智能的,线程的生命周期应该完全由Java本身控制,我们要做的就是添加任务和执行任务。但是,最近做文档批量上传同步时发现线程池中的所有任务执行完毕后,线程并没有停止,然后做了一个测试,发现确实如此:
问题及现象:
public
static
void
method1() {
BlockingQueue queue =
new
LinkedBlockingQueue();
ThreadPoolExecutor executor =
new
ThreadPoolExecutor(3, 6, 10, TimeUnit.
SECONDS
, queue);
for
(
int
i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
executor.execute(
new
Runnable() {
public
void
run() {
try
{
System.
out
.println(
this
.hashCode()/1000);
for
(
int
j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
System.
out
.println(
this
.hashCode() +
":"
+ j);
Thread.sleep(
this
.hashCode()%2);
}
}
catch
(InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.
out
.println(String. format(
"thread %d finished"
,
this
.hashCode()));
}
});
}
}
|
debug模式下,任务执行完后,显示的效果如下:
也就是说,任务已经执行完毕了,但是线程池中的线程并没有被回收。但是我在
ThreadPoolExecutor的参数里面设置了超时时间的,好像没起作用,原因如下:
工作线程回收需要满足三个条件:
1) 参数allowCoreThreadTimeOut为true 2) 该线程在keepAliveTime时间内获取不到任务,即空闲这么长时间
3) 当前线程池大小 > 核心线程池大小corePoolSize。
|
解决一:
public
static
void
method1() {
BlockingQueue queue =
new
LinkedBlockingQueue();
ThreadPoolExecutor executor =
new
ThreadPoolExecutor(3, 6, 1, TimeUnit.
SECONDS
, queue);
executor.allowCoreThreadTimeOut(
true);
for
(
int
i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
executor.execute(
new
Runnable() {
public
void
run() {
try
{
System.
out
.println(
this
.hashCode()/1000);
for
(
int
j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
System.
out
.println(
this
.hashCode() +
":"
+ j);
Thread. sleep(
this
.hashCode()%2);
}
}
catch
(InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.
out
.println(String. format(
"thread %d finished"
,
this
.hashCode()));
}
});
}
}
|
需要注意的是,allowCoreThreadTimeOut 的设置需要在任务执行之前,一般在new一个线程池后设置;在allowCoreThreadTimeOut设置为true时,ThreadPoolExecutor的keepAliveTime参数必须大于0。 |
解决二:
public
static
void
method1() {
BlockingQueue queue =
new
LinkedBlockingQueue();
ThreadPoolExecutor executor =
new
ThreadPoolExecutor(3, 6, 1, TimeUnit.
SECONDS
, queue);
for
(
int
i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
executor.execute(
new
Runnable() {
public
void
run() {
try
{
System.
out
.println(
this
.hashCode()/1000);
for
(
int
j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
System.
out
.println(
this
.hashCode() +
":"
+ j);
Thread. sleep(
this
.hashCode()%2);
}
}
catch
(InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.
out
.println(String. format(
"thread %d finished"
,
this
.hashCode()));
}
});
}
executor.shutdown();
}
|
在任务执行完后,调用shutdown方法,将线程池中的空闲线程回收。该方法会使得keepAliveTime参数失效。 |