怎么对比2个数据库的差异

          今天接到一个任务，测试库和开发库不同步，领导让对比2个库的差异，对比原则表名、字段名、字段属性、字段长度、是否为空，刚接手任务，通过查询USER_TAB_COLUMNS表查询出测试库的表字段属性，之后在开发库新建一个表，把数据导入，之后通过为左右连接为null判断是否存在，一查右4000来条数据，之后要一条一条的比较，这根本就做不了，之后想到了写程序达到效果，思路：

 demo路径：http://download.csdn.net/download/xionglangs/10224457

 1、分别查询到2个库的表名，表子段属性，分别存入MAP中（查询时最好按照表名排序）。

2、第二步，把一个库的表名做为key，表名做value，便利它，如果另外一个map根据key查询不到值，表示此表没有在另外一个库中。

3、之后比较表子段属性，已表名和字段名做key，其余5个属性做值，传入2中查询到的list，过滤key在2中的，就表示2库中都存在表，

但字段维度不同。

4、重复上诉步骤，把比较方位替换。

代码为：

packagecom.sunline.util;

import java.io.File;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.Set;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

/**
 * @author 熊浪
 * @Email [email protected]
 * @Time 2018年1月25日 @此类的作用：
 */
public class DatabaseUtil {
    private final static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DatabaseUtil.class);

    private static final String DRIVER = "oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver";
    private static final String URL1 = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@10.22.20.12:1521/UATDEMODB";
    private static final String URL2 = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@10.24.0.234:1521/DEVSITDB";
    private static final String USERNAME1 = "uat_sungl";
    private static final String PASSWORD1 = "uat_sungl";
    private static final String USERNAME2 = "sit_sungl";
    private static final String PASSWORD2 = "sit_sungl";
    private static final String TABLE_INFO = "SELECT DISTINCT TABLE_NAME FROM USER_TABLES";
    private static final String TABLE_NAME = "SELECT TABLE_NAME,COLUMN_NAME,DATA_TYPE,DATA_LENGTH,NULLABLE FROM USER_TAB_COLUMNS";
    private static final String SQL = "SELECT * FROM ";// 数据库操作

    static {
        try {
            Class.forName(DRIVER);
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            logger.error("can not load jdbc driver", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 获取数据库连接
     *
     * @return
     */
    public static Connection getConnection(String url, String userName, String password) {
        Connection conn = null;
        try {
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, userName, password);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            logger.error("get connection failure", e);
        }
        return conn;
    }

    /**
     * 关闭数据库连接
     *
     * @param conn
     */
    public static void closeConnection(Connection conn) {
        if (conn != null) {
            try {
                conn.close();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                logger.error("close connection failure", e);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 获取数据库下的所有表名
     */
    public static Map getTableInfos(String url, String userName, String password) {
        Map tableNames = new HashMap();
        Connection conn = getConnection(url, userName, password);
        PreparedStatement pst = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            pst = conn.prepareStatement(TABLE_NAME);
            rs = pst.executeQuery();
            while (rs.next()) {
                tableNames.put(rs.getString(1) + "=" + rs.getString(2), rs.getString(1) + "=" + rs.getString(2) + "=" + rs.getString(3) + "=" + rs.getString(4) + "=" + rs.getString(5) + "=" + rs.getString(1));
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            logger.error("getTableNames failure", e);
        } finally {
            try {
                rs.close();
                closeConnection(conn);
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                logger.error("close ResultSet failure", e);
            }
        }
        return tableNames;
    }

    public static Map getTableNames(String url, String userName, String password) {
        Map tableNames = new HashMap();
        Connection conn = getConnection(url, userName, password);
        PreparedStatement pst = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            pst = conn.prepareStatement(TABLE_INFO);
            rs = pst.executeQuery();
            while (rs.next()) {
                tableNames.put(rs.getString(1), rs.getString(1));
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            logger.error("getTableNames failure", e);
        } finally {
            try {
                rs.close();
                closeConnection(conn);
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                logger.error("close ResultSet failure", e);
            }
        }
        return tableNames;
    }

    /**
     * 获取表中所有字段名称
     *
     * @param tableName 表名
     * @return
     */
    public static List getColumnNames(String tableName, String url, String userName, String password) {
        List columnNames = new ArrayList<>();
        // 与数据库的连接
        Connection conn = getConnection(url, userName, password);
        PreparedStatement pStemt = null;
        String tableSql = SQL + tableName;
        try {
            pStemt = conn.prepareStatement(tableSql);
            // 结果集元数据
            ResultSetMetaData rsmd = pStemt.getMetaData();
            // 表列数
            int size = rsmd.getColumnCount();
            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
                columnNames.add(rsmd.getColumnName(i + 1));
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            logger.error("getColumnNames failure", e);
        } finally {
            if (pStemt != null) {
                try {
                    pStemt.close();
                    closeConnection(conn);
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    logger.error("getColumnNames close pstem and connection failure", e);
                }
            }
        }
        return columnNames;
    }

    /**
     * 获取表中所有字段类型
     *
     * @param tableName
     * @return
     */
    public static List getColumnTypes(String tableName, String url, String userName, String password) {
        List columnTypes = new ArrayList<>();
        // 与数据库的连接
        Connection conn = getConnection(url, userName, password);
        PreparedStatement pStemt = null;
        String tableSql = SQL + tableName;
        try {
            pStemt = conn.prepareStatement(tableSql);
            // 结果集元数据
            ResultSetMetaData rsmd = pStemt.getMetaData();
            // 表列数
            int size = rsmd.getColumnCount();
            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
                columnTypes.add(rsmd.getColumnTypeName(i + 1));
            }
            Arrays.sort(columnTypes.toArray());
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            logger.error("getColumnTypes failure", e);
        } finally {
            if (pStemt != null) {
                try {
                    pStemt.close();
                    closeConnection(conn);
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    logger.error("getColumnTypes close pstem and connection failure", e);
                }
            }
        }
        return columnTypes;
    }

    public static List> selectTableInfo(Map uat, Map sit) {
        Set> uats = uat.entrySet();
        Iterator> it = uats.iterator();
        Entry infos = null;
        String uatInfo = "", sitInfo = "";
        List> list = new ArrayList>();
        String[] uatArray = null, sitArray = null;
        while (it.hasNext()) {
            infos = it.next();
            uatInfo = infos.getValue();
            sitInfo = sit.get(infos.getKey());
            if (!uatInfo.equals(sitInfo)) {
                List isDiffent = new ArrayList();
                uatArray = uatInfo.split("=");
                for (int i = 0; i < uatArray.length; i++) {
                    isDiffent.add(uatArray[i]);
                }
                if (sitInfo != null) {
                    sitArray = sitInfo.split("=");
                    for (int i = 0; i < sitArray.length; i++) {
                        isDiffent.add(sitArray[i]);
                    }
                } else {
                    for (int i = 0; i < uatArray.length; i++) {
                        isDiffent.add("");
                    }
                }
                list.add(isDiffent);
            }
        }
        return list;
    }

    public static List>selectTableInfo(Map uat, Map sit, String prefix) {
        Set> uats = uat.entrySet();
        Iterator> it = uats.iterator();
        Entry infos = null;
        String uatInfo = "", sitInfo = "";
        List> list = new ArrayList>();
        String[] uatArray = null, sitArray = null;
        int len=0;
        while (it.hasNext()) {
            infos = it.next();
            uatInfo = infos.getValue();
            sitInfo = sit.get(infos.getKey());
            if (!uatInfo.equals(sitInfo)) {
                uatArray = uatInfo.split("=");
                if (prefix != null && prefix.contains(uatArray[uatArray.length - 1])) {
                    continue;
                }
                List isDiffent = new ArrayList();
                if(prefix!=null)
                    len=uatArray.length-1;
                else
                    len=uatArray.length;
                for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
                    isDiffent.add(uatArray[i]);
                }
                if (sitInfo != null) {
                    sitArray = sitInfo.split("=");
                    for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
                        isDiffent.add(sitArray[i]);
                    }
                } else {
                    for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
                        isDiffent.add("");
                    }
                }
                list.add(isDiffent);
            }
        }
        return list;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Map uatTable = getTableNames(URL1, USERNAME1, PASSWORD1);
        Map sitTable = getTableNames(URL2, USERNAME2, PASSWORD2);
        Map uatInfos = getTableInfos(URL1, USERNAME1, PASSWORD1);
        Map sitInfos = getTableInfos(URL2, USERNAME2, PASSWORD2);
        String[] title = {"表名", "字段名", "字段类型", "字段长度", "是否为空", "表名", "字段名", "字段类型", "字段长度", "是否为空"};
        String[] infos = {"表名", "字段名", "字段类型", "字段长度", "是否为空", "表名", "字段名", "字段类型", "字段长度", "是否为空"};
        List> uatTables = selectTableInfo(uatTable, sitTable, null);
        List> infoTables = selectTableInfo(sitTable, uatTable, null);
        StringBuffer sbOne = new StringBuffer();
        StringBuffer sbTwo = new StringBuffer();
        for (List list:uatTables)
            sbOne.append(list.get(0)+",");
        for (List list:infoTables)
            sbTwo.append(list.get(0)+",");
        ExcelManage.writeInfoToExcel("UAT与SIT表名比较，前面现实UAT", "D:" + File.separator + "长亮", "UAT-SIT_TABLE", "xls", title, uatTables, TableInfoBean.class);
        ExcelManage.writeInfoToExcel("UAT与UAT字段名比较，前面现实UAT", "D:" + File.separator + "长亮", "UAT-SIT_CLOUMN", "xls", infos, selectTableInfo(uatInfos, sitInfos, sbOne.toString()), SujuInfoBean.class);
        ExcelManage.writeInfoToExcel("SIT与UAT表名比较，前面现实SIT", "D:" + File.separator + "长亮", "SIT-UAT_TABLE", "xls", title, infoTables, TableInfoBean.class);
        ExcelManage.writeInfoToExcel("SIT与UAT字段名比较，前面现实SIT", "D:" + File.separator + "长亮", "SIT-UAT_CLOUMN", "xls", infos, selectTableInfo(sitInfos, uatInfos, sbTwo.toString()), SujuInfoBean.class);
    }
}

package com.sunline.util;

/**
 * @author 熊浪
 * @Email [email protected]
 * @Time 2018/1/25
 * @此类的作用：
 */
public class TableInfoBean {
    private String tableName;
    public String getTableName() {
        return tableName;
    }
    public void setTableName(String tableName) {
        this.tableName = tableName;
    }
}

package com.sunline.util;

/**
 * @author 熊浪
 * @Email [email protected]
 * @Time 2018年1月25日
 * @此类的作用：
 */
public class SujuInfoBean {
    private String tableNameOne;
    private String cloumnOne;
    private String typeOne;
    private String cloumnLengthOne;
    private String isOrNullOne;
    private String tableNameTwo;
    private String cloumnTwo;
    private String typeTwo;
    private String cloumnLengthTwo;
    private String isOrNullTwo;

    public String getTableNameOne() {
        return tableNameOne;
    }

    public void setTableNameOne(String tableNameOne) {
        this.tableNameOne = tableNameOne;
    }

    public String getCloumnOne() {
        return cloumnOne;
    }

    public void setCloumnOne(String cloumnOne) {
        this.cloumnOne = cloumnOne;
    }

    public String getTypeOne() {
        return typeOne;
    }

    public void setTypeOne(String typeOne) {
        this.typeOne = typeOne;
    }

    public String getCloumnLengthOne() {
        return cloumnLengthOne;
    }

    public void setCloumnLengthOne(String cloumnLengthOne) {
        this.cloumnLengthOne = cloumnLengthOne;
    }

    public String getIsOrNullOne() {
        return isOrNullOne;
    }

    public void setIsOrNullOne(String isOrNullOne) {
        this.isOrNullOne = isOrNullOne;
    }

    public String getTableNameTwo() {
        return tableNameTwo;
    }

    public void setTableNameTwo(String tableNameTwo) {
        this.tableNameTwo = tableNameTwo;
    }

    public String getCloumnTwo() {
        return cloumnTwo;
    }

    public void setCloumnTwo(String cloumnTwo) {
        this.cloumnTwo = cloumnTwo;
    }

    public String getTypeTwo() {
        return typeTwo;
    }

    public void setTypeTwo(String typeTwo) {
        this.typeTwo = typeTwo;
    }

    public String getCloumnLengthTwo() {
        return cloumnLengthTwo;
    }

    public void setCloumnLengthTwo(String cloumnLengthTwo) {
        this.cloumnLengthTwo = cloumnLengthTwo;
    }

    public String getIsOrNullTwo() {
        return isOrNullTwo;
    }

    public void setIsOrNullTwo(String isOrNullTwo) {
        this.isOrNullTwo = isOrNullTwo;
    }

}

package com.sunline.util;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Font;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
/**
 * @author 熊浪
 * @Email [email protected]
 * @Time 2018年1月25日 @此类的作用：
 */
public class ExcelManage {
   public static boolean writeInfoToExcel(String fileTitle, String path, String fileName, String fileType, String[] title, List> list, Class clazz) {
      boolean flag = false;
      try {
         writer(fileTitle, path, fileName, fileType, insertInfoToBean(list, clazz), title);
         flag = true;
      } catch (Exception e) {
         e.printStackTrace();
      }
      return flag;
   }

   private static List