rpm 安装mysql，修改mysql登录密码

转载  https://blog.csdn.net/yejiyueshang/article/details/78745664

Linux版本：CentOS 6.5 64位

1.下载MySQL

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

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2.解压

mkdir mysql
cd mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# tar -xvf mysql-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

3.创建MySQL用户组及用户

groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql

4.修改当前目录拥有者为mysql用户

chown -R mysql:mysql ./

5.删除原有MySQL

#查看已安装的软件包
yum list installed mysql*  
#删除所有已安装的相关软件
yum remove mysql.x86_64 mysql-devel.x86_64 mysql-libs.x86_64 mysql-server.x86_64

6.依次安装MySQL

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm --nosignature
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm --nosignature
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm --nosignature
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm --nosignature

此步可能报错，信息如下：

error: Failed dependencies:
        /usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64
        libnuma.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64
        libnuma.so.1(libnuma_1.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64
        libnuma.so.1(libnuma_1.2)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64
        perl(File::Path) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64
        perl(Getopt::Long) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64
        perl(POSIX) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64
        perl(strict) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64

此为依赖缺失，安装即可

yum install perl
yum install libnuma*

如 libnuma* 无法安装，出现如下信息

[root@local mysql]# yum install libnuma*
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: centos.ustc.edu.cn
 * extras: mirrors.163.com
 * updates: mirrors.cn99.com
Setting up Install Process
No package libnuma* available.
Error: Nothing to do

可改为安装 numactl

yum install numactl

7.启动MySQL服务

service mysqld start

8.设置MySQL用户和密码

#关闭MySQL服务
service mysqld stop
#安全模式启动MySQL
mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &
#登陆MySQL，此时密码随意
mysql -u root -p
#更改密码
update mysql.user 
set authentication_string=password('root')
where user='root';
#刷新权限
flush privileges;
#退出MySQL
exit;
#重启MySQL
service mysqld restart
#登陆MySQL，创建用户并授权
create database gogs
create user git@localhost identified by 'git';
grant all privileges on gogs.* to git@localhost;

9.安装配置过程中遇到的问题 
问题：安装mysql-community-server报错 
提示信息：

libnuma.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64
libnuma.so.1(libnuma_1.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64
libnuma.so.1(libnuma_1.2)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64
mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.7.9 is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64
mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.7.20-1.el6 is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64

原因： 
依赖的软件包未安装

yum install libnuma*

顺序安装mysql-community-common,mysql-community-libs,mysql-community-client

问题： 
MySQL初始化失败 
提示信息：

初始化 MySQL 数据库：                                      [失败]

原因： 
原有MySQL未完全卸载

问题： 
登陆MySQL后无论运行什么都报相同错误信息 
提示信息：

ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

原因： 
安全模式修改密码后需要在MySQL中再次修改一次后退出再登陆才能正常使用

set password=password('密码')；
alter user 'root'@'localhost' password expire never;
flush privileges;
exit;