贼好玩！我用Python写了一个AI玩星际争霸2！

Deepmind 开放了自己的星际争霸机器学习环境，现在只需要安装对应的 pysc2 包，就可以自己写一个星际2 AI啦！本文是Rest探路者分享在博客园的一个相关项目，里面有非常详尽的代码，有兴趣的小伙伴可以参考。

作者：Rest探路者 

出处：http://www.cnblogs.com/Java-Starter/

准备

我的环境是python3.6，sc2包0.11.1，机器学习包：pysc2，地图下载链接maps：https://github.com/Blizzard/s2client-proto#downloads。

pysc2是DeepMind开发的星际争霸Ⅱ学习环境。它是封装星际争霸Ⅱ机器学习API，同时也提供Python增强学习环境。以神族为例编写代码，神族建筑科技图如下：

采矿

# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
'''
@File    :   __init__.py.py
@Modify Time      @Author       @Desciption
------------      -------       -----------
2019/11/3 12:32   Jonas           None
'''

import sc2
from sc2 import run_game, maps, Race, Difficulty
from sc2.player import Bot, Computer


class SentdeBot(sc2.BotAI):
    async def on_step(self, iteration: int):
        await self.distribute_workers()


run_game(maps.get("AcidPlantLE"), [
    Bot(Race.Protoss, SentdeBot()), Computer(Race.Terran, Difficulty.Easy)
],realtime = True)

注意game_data.py的assert self.id != 0注释掉pixel_map.py的assert self.bits_per_pixel % 8 == 0, "Unsupported pixel density"注释掉，否则会报错

运行结果如下，农民开始采矿

可以正常采矿

建造农民和水晶塔

import sc2
from sc2 import run_game, maps, Race, Difficulty
from sc2.player import Bot, Computer
from sc2.constants import *


class SentdeBot(sc2.BotAI):
    async def on_step(self, iteration: int):
        await self.distribute_workers()
        await self.build_workers()
        await self.build_pylons()

    # 建造农民
    async def build_workers(self):
        # 星灵枢纽(NEXUS)无队列建造，可以提高晶体矿的利用率，不至于占用资源
        for nexus in self.units(UnitTypeId.NEXUS).ready.noqueue:
            # 是否有50晶体矿
            if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.PROBE):
                await self.do(nexus.train(UnitTypeId.PROBE))

    ## 建造水晶
    async def build_pylons(self):
        ## 供应人口和现有人口之差小于5且水晶不是正在建造
        if self.supply_left<5 and not self.already_pending(UnitTypeId.PYLON):
            nexuses = self.units(UnitTypeId.NEXUS).ready
            if nexuses.exists:
                if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.PYLON):
                    await self.build(UnitTypeId.PYLON,near=nexuses.first)

## 启动游戏
run_game(maps.get("AcidPlantLE"), [
    Bot(Race.Protoss, SentdeBot()), Computer(Race.Terran, Difficulty.Easy)
],realtime = True)

运行结果如下，基地造农民，农民造水晶

收集气体和开矿

代码如下

import sc2
from sc2 import run_game, maps, Race, Difficulty
from sc2.player import Bot, Computer
from sc2.constants import *


class SentdeBot(sc2.BotAI):
    async def on_step(self, iteration: int):
        await self.distribute_workers()
        await self.build_workers()
        await self.build_pylons()
        await self.build_assimilators()
        await self.expand()

    # 建造农民
    async def build_workers(self):
        # 星灵枢纽(NEXUS)无队列建造，可以提高晶体矿的利用率，不至于占用资源
        for nexus in self.units(UnitTypeId.NEXUS).ready.noqueue:
            # 是否有50晶体矿
            if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.PROBE):
                await self.do(nexus.train(UnitTypeId.PROBE))

    ## 建造水晶
    async def build_pylons(self):
        ## 供应人口和现有人口之差小于5且建筑不是正在建造
        if self.supply_left < 5 and not self.already_pending(UnitTypeId.PYLON):
            nexuses = self.units(UnitTypeId.NEXUS).ready
            if nexuses.exists:
                if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.PYLON):
                    await self.build(UnitTypeId.PYLON, near=nexuses.first)

    ## 建造吸收厂
    async def build_assimilators(self):
        for nexus in self.units(UnitTypeId.NEXUS).ready:
            # 在瓦斯泉上建造吸收厂
            vaspenes = self.state.vespene_geyser.closer_than(15.0,nexus)
            for vaspene in vaspenes:
                if not self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.ASSIMILATOR):
                    break
                worker = self.select_build_worker(vaspene.position)
                if worker is None:
                    break
                if not self.units(UnitTypeId.ASSIMILATOR).closer_than(1.0,vaspene).exists:
                    await self.do(worker.build(UnitTypeId.ASSIMILATOR,vaspene))

    ## 开矿
    async def expand(self):
        if self.units(UnitTypeId.NEXUS).amount<3 and self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.NEXUS):
            await self.expand_now()

## 启动游戏
run_game(maps.get("AcidPlantLE"), [
    Bot(Race.Protoss, SentdeBot()), Computer(Race.Terran, Difficulty.Easy)
], realtime=False)

run_game的realtime设置成False，可以在加速模式下运行游戏。

运行效果如下：

可以建造吸收厂和开矿

建造军队

import sc2
from sc2 import run_game, maps, Race, Difficulty
from sc2.player import Bot, Computer
from sc2.constants import *


class SentdeBot(sc2.BotAI):
    async def on_step(self, iteration: int):
        await self.distribute_workers()
        await self.build_workers()
        await self.build_pylons()
        await self.build_assimilators()
        await self.expand()
        await self.offensive_force_buildings()
        await self.build_offensive_force()

    # 建造农民
    async def build_workers(self):
        # 星灵枢纽(NEXUS)无队列建造，可以提高晶体矿的利用率，不至于占用资源
        for nexus in self.units(UnitTypeId.NEXUS).ready.noqueue:
            # 是否有50晶体矿
            if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.PROBE):
                await self.do(nexus.train(UnitTypeId.PROBE))

    ## 建造水晶
    async def build_pylons(self):
        ## 供应人口和现有人口之差小于5且建筑不是正在建造
        if self.supply_left < 5 and not self.already_pending(UnitTypeId.PYLON):
            nexuses = self.units(UnitTypeId.NEXUS).ready
            if nexuses.exists:
                if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.PYLON):
                    await self.build(UnitTypeId.PYLON, near=nexuses.first)

    ## 建造吸收厂
    async def build_assimilators(self):
        for nexus in self.units(UnitTypeId.NEXUS).ready:
            # 在瓦斯泉上建造吸收厂
            vaspenes = self.state.vespene_geyser.closer_than(15.0,nexus)
            for vaspene in vaspenes:
                if not self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.ASSIMILATOR):
                    break
                worker = self.select_build_worker(vaspene.position)
                if worker is None:
                    break
                if not self.units(UnitTypeId.ASSIMILATOR).closer_than(1.0,vaspene).exists:
                    await self.do(worker.build(UnitTypeId.ASSIMILATOR,vaspene))

    ## 开矿
    async def expand(self):
        if self.units(UnitTypeId.NEXUS).amount<2 and self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.NEXUS):
            await self.expand_now()

    ## 建造进攻性建筑
    async def offensive_force_buildings(self):
        if self.units(UnitTypeId.PYLON).ready.exists:
            pylon = self.units(UnitTypeId.PYLON).ready.random
            if self.units(UnitTypeId.PYLON).ready.exists:
                # 根据神族建筑科技图，折跃门建造过后才可以建造控制核心
                if self.units(UnitTypeId.GATEWAY).ready.exists:
                    if not self.units(UnitTypeId.CYBERNETICSCORE):
                        if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.CYBERNETICSCORE) and not self.already_pending(UnitTypeId.CYBERNETICSCORE):
                            await self.build(UnitTypeId.CYBERNETICSCORE,near = pylon)
                # 否则建造折跃门
                else:
                    if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.GATEWAY) and not self.already_pending(UnitTypeId.GATEWAY):
                        await self.build(UnitTypeId.GATEWAY,near=pylon)

    # 造兵
    async def build_offensive_force(self):
        # 无队列化建造
        for gw in self.units(UnitTypeId.GATEWAY).ready.noqueue:
            if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.STALKER) and self.supply_left>0:
                await self.do(gw.train(UnitTypeId.STALKER))



## 启动游戏
run_game(maps.get("AcidPlantLE"), [
    Bot(Race.Protoss, SentdeBot()), Computer(Race.Terran, Difficulty.Easy)
], realtime=False)

运行结果如下：

可以看到，我们建造了折跃门和控制核心并训练了追猎者

控制部队进攻

代码如下

import sc2
from sc2 import run_game, maps, Race, Difficulty
from sc2.player import Bot, Computer
from sc2.constants import *
import random

class SentdeBot(sc2.BotAI):
    async def on_step(self, iteration: int):
        await self.distribute_workers()
        await self.build_workers()
        await self.build_pylons()
        await self.build_assimilators()
        await self.expand()
        await self.offensive_force_buildings()
        await self.build_offensive_force()
        await self.attack()

    # 建造农民
    async def build_workers(self):
        # 星灵枢纽(NEXUS)无队列建造，可以提高晶体矿的利用率，不至于占用资源
        for nexus in self.units(UnitTypeId.NEXUS).ready.noqueue:
            # 是否有50晶体矿
            if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.PROBE):
                await self.do(nexus.train(UnitTypeId.PROBE))

    ## 建造水晶
    async def build_pylons(self):
        ## 供应人口和现有人口之差小于5且建筑不是正在建造
        if self.supply_left < 5 and not self.already_pending(UnitTypeId.PYLON):
            nexuses = self.units(UnitTypeId.NEXUS).ready
            if nexuses.exists:
                if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.PYLON):
                    await self.build(UnitTypeId.PYLON, near=nexuses.first)

    ## 建造吸收厂
    async def build_assimilators(self):
        for nexus in self.units(UnitTypeId.NEXUS).ready:
            # 在瓦斯泉上建造吸收厂
            vaspenes = self.state.vespene_geyser.closer_than(15.0,nexus)
            for vaspene in vaspenes:
                if not self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.ASSIMILATOR):
                    break
                worker = self.select_build_worker(vaspene.position)
                if worker is None:
                    break
                if not self.units(UnitTypeId.ASSIMILATOR).closer_than(1.0,vaspene).exists:
                    await self.do(worker.build(UnitTypeId.ASSIMILATOR,vaspene))

    ## 开矿
    async def expand(self):
        if self.units(UnitTypeId.NEXUS).amount<3 and self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.NEXUS):
            await self.expand_now()

    ## 建造进攻性建筑
    async def offensive_force_buildings(self):
        if self.units(UnitTypeId.PYLON).ready.exists:
            pylon = self.units(UnitTypeId.PYLON).ready.random
            # 根据神族建筑科技图，折跃门建造过后才可以建造控制核心
            if self.units(UnitTypeId.GATEWAY).ready.exists and not self.units(UnitTypeId.CYBERNETICSCORE):
                if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.CYBERNETICSCORE) and not self.already_pending(UnitTypeId.CYBERNETICSCORE):
                    await self.build(UnitTypeId.CYBERNETICSCORE,near = pylon)
            # 否则建造折跃门
            elif len(self.units(UnitTypeId.GATEWAY))<=3:
                if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.GATEWAY) and not self.already_pending(UnitTypeId.GATEWAY):
                    await self.build(UnitTypeId.GATEWAY,near=pylon)

    ## 造兵
    async def build_offensive_force(self):
        # 无队列化建造
        for gw in self.units(UnitTypeId.GATEWAY).ready.noqueue:
            if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.STALKER) and self.supply_left>0:
                await self.do(gw.train(UnitTypeId.STALKER))

    ## 寻找目标
    def find_target(self,state):
        if len(self.known_enemy_units)>0:
            # 随机选取敌方单位
            return random.choice(self.known_enemy_units)
        elif len(self.known_enemy_units)>0:
            # 随机选取敌方建筑
            return random.choice(self.known_enemy_structures)
        else:
            # 返回敌方出生点位
            return self.enemy_start_locations[0]

    ## 进攻
    async def attack(self):
        # 追猎者数量超过15个开始进攻
        if self.units(UnitTypeId.STALKER).amount>15:
            for s in self.units(UnitTypeId.STALKER).idle:
                await self.do(s.attack(self.find_target(self.state)))

        # 防卫模式：视野范围内存在敌人，开始攻击
        if self.units(UnitTypeId.STALKER).amount>5:
            if len(self.known_enemy_units)>0:
                for s in self.units(UnitTypeId.STALKER).idle:
                    await self.do(s.attack(random.choice(self.known_enemy_units)))

## 启动游戏
run_game(maps.get("AcidPlantLE"), [
    Bot(Race.Protoss, SentdeBot()), Computer(Race.Terran, Difficulty.Medium)
], realtime=False)

运行结果如下

可以看到，4个折跃门训练追猎者并发动进攻。

击败困难电脑

我们目前的代码只能击败中等和简单电脑，那么如何击败困难电脑呢？代码如下

import sc2
from sc2 import run_game, maps, Race, Difficulty
from sc2.player import Bot, Computer
from sc2.constants import *
import random


class SentdeBot(sc2.BotAI):
    def __init__(self):
        # 经过计算，每分钟大约165迭代次数
        self.ITERATIONS_PER_MINUTE = 165
        # 最大农民数量
        self.MAX_WORKERS = 65

    async def on_step(self, iteration: int):
        self.iteration = iteration
        await self.distribute_workers()
        await self.build_workers()
        await self.build_pylons()
        await self.build_assimilators()
        await self.expand()
        await self.offensive_force_buildings()
        await self.build_offensive_force()
        await self.attack()

    # 建造农民
    async def build_workers(self):
        # 星灵枢钮*16（一个基地配备16个农民）大于农民数量并且现有农民数量小于MAX_WORKERS
        if len(self.units(UnitTypeId.NEXUS))*16>len(self.units(UnitTypeId.PROBE)) and len(self.units(UnitTypeId.PROBE)) self.units(UnitTypeId.VOIDRAY).amount:

                if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.STALKER) and self.supply_left > 0:
                    await self.do(gw.train(UnitTypeId.STALKER))

        for sg in self.units(UnitTypeId.STARGATE).ready.noqueue:
            if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.VOIDRAY) and self.supply_left > 0:
                await self.do(sg.train(UnitTypeId.VOIDRAY))

    ## 寻找目标
    def find_target(self,state):
        if len(self.known_enemy_units)>0:
            # 随机选取敌方单位
            return random.choice(self.known_enemy_units)
        elif len(self.known_enemy_units)>0:
            # 随机选取敌方建筑
            return random.choice(self.known_enemy_structures)
        else:
            # 返回敌方出生点位
            return self.enemy_start_locations[0]

    ## 进攻
    async def attack(self):
        # {UNIT: [n to fight, n to defend]}
        aggressive_units = {UnitTypeId.STALKER: [15, 5],
                            UnitTypeId.VOIDRAY: [8, 3]}

        for UNIT in aggressive_units:
            # 攻击模式
            if self.units(UNIT).amount > aggressive_units[UNIT][0] and self.units(UNIT).amount > aggressive_units[UNIT][
                1]:
                for s in self.units(UNIT).idle:
                    await self.do(s.attack(self.find_target(self.state)))
            # 防卫模式
            elif self.units(UNIT).amount > aggressive_units[UNIT][1]:
                if len(self.known_enemy_units) > 0:
                    for s in self.units(UNIT).idle:
                        await self.do(s.attack(random.choice(self.known_enemy_units)))
## 启动游戏
run_game(maps.get("AcidPlantLE"), [
    Bot(Race.Protoss, SentdeBot()), Computer(Race.Terran, Difficulty.Hard)
], realtime=False)

运行结果如下

可以看到，击败了困难人族电脑，但是电脑选择了rush战术，我们写得AI脚本会输掉游戏。显然，这不是最佳方案。“只有AI才能拯救我的胜率”，请看下文。

采集地图数据

这次我们只造一个折跃门，全力通过星门造虚空光辉舰修改offensive_force_buildings(self)方法的判断

elif len(self.units(GATEWAY)) < 1:
                if self.can_afford(GATEWAY) and not self.already_pending(GATEWAY):
                    await self.build(GATEWAY, near=pylon)

注释或者删除build_offensive_force(self)的建造追猎者的代码

        ## 造兵
    async def build_offensive_force(self):
        # 无队列化建造
        # for gw in self.units(UnitTypeId.GATEWAY).ready.noqueue:
        #     if not self.units(UnitTypeId.STALKER).amount > self.units(UnitTypeId.VOIDRAY).amount:
        #
        #         if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.STALKER) and self.supply_left > 0:
        #             await self.do(gw.train(UnitTypeId.STALKER))

        for sg in self.units(UnitTypeId.STARGATE).ready.noqueue:
            if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.VOIDRAY) and self.supply_left > 0:
                await self.do(sg.train(UnitTypeId.VOIDRAY))

attack(self)中的aggressive_units注释掉Stalker导入numpy和cv2库

game_data = np.zeros((self.game_info.map_size[1], self.game_info.map_size[0], 3), np.uint8)

建立以地图Heigt为行，Width为列的三维矩阵

for nexus in self.units(NEXUS):
            nex_pos = nexus.position
            print(nex_pos)
            cv2.circle(game_data, (int(nex_pos[0]), int(nex_pos[1])), 10, (0, 255, 0), -1)  # BGR

遍历星灵枢纽，获取下一个位置，画圆，circle(承载圆的img, 圆心, 半径, 颜色, thickness=-1表示填充)，接下来我们要垂直翻转三维矩阵，因为我们建立的矩阵左上角是原点(0,0)，纵坐标向下延申，横坐标向右延申。翻转之后就成了正常的坐标系。

flipped = cv2.flip(game_data, 0)

图像缩放，达到可视化最佳。

        resized = cv2.resize(flipped, dsize=None, fx=2, fy=2)
        cv2.imshow('Intel', resized)
        cv2.waitKey(1)

至此，完整代码如下

import sc2
from sc2 import run_game, maps, Race, Difficulty
from sc2.player import Bot, Computer
from sc2.constants import *
import random
import numpy as np
import cv2


class SentdeBot(sc2.BotAI):
    def __init__(self):
        # 经过计算，每分钟大约165迭代次数
        self.ITERATIONS_PER_MINUTE = 165
        # 最大农民数量
        self.MAX_WORKERS = 65

    async def on_step(self, iteration: int):
        self.iteration = iteration
        await self.distribute_workers()
        await self.build_workers()
        await self.build_pylons()
        await self.build_assimilators()
        await self.expand()
        await self.offensive_force_buildings()
        await self.build_offensive_force()
        await self.intel()
        await self.attack()

    async def intel(self):
        # 根据地图建立的三维矩阵
        game_data = np.zeros((self.game_info.map_size[1], self.game_info.map_size[0], 3), np.uint8)
        for nexus in self.units(UnitTypeId.NEXUS):
            nex_pos = nexus.position
            # circle(承载圆的img, 圆心, 半径, 颜色, thickness=-1表示填充)
            # 记录星灵枢纽的位置
            cv2.circle(game_data, (int(nex_pos[0]), int(nex_pos[1])), 10, (0, 255, 0), -1)
        # 图像翻转垂直镜像
        flipped = cv2.flip(game_data, 0)
        # 图像缩放
        # cv2.resize(原图像,输出图像的大小,width方向的缩放比例,height方向缩放的比例)
        resized = cv2.resize(flipped, dsize=None, fx=2, fy=2)
        cv2.imshow('Intel', resized)

        # cv2.waitKey(每Xms刷新图像)
        cv2.waitKey(1)

    # 建造农民
    async def build_workers(self):
        # 星灵枢钮*16（一个基地配备16个农民）大于农民数量并且现有农民数量小于MAX_WORKERS
        if len(self.units(UnitTypeId.NEXUS)) * 16 > len(self.units(UnitTypeId.PROBE)) and len(
                self.units(UnitTypeId.PROBE)) < self.MAX_WORKERS:
            # 星灵枢纽(NEXUS)无队列建造，可以提高晶体矿的利用率，不至于占用资源
            for nexus in self.units(UnitTypeId.NEXUS).ready.noqueue:
                # 是否有50晶体矿建造农民
                if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.PROBE):
                    await self.do(nexus.train(UnitTypeId.PROBE))

    ## 建造水晶
    async def build_pylons(self):
        ## 供应人口和现有人口之差小于5且建筑不是正在建造
        if self.supply_left < 5 and not self.already_pending(UnitTypeId.PYLON):
            nexuses = self.units(UnitTypeId.NEXUS).ready
            if nexuses.exists:
                if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.PYLON):
                    await self.build(UnitTypeId.PYLON, near=nexuses.first)

    ## 建造吸收厂
    async def build_assimilators(self):
        for nexus in self.units(UnitTypeId.NEXUS).ready:
            # 在瓦斯泉上建造吸收厂
            vaspenes = self.state.vespene_geyser.closer_than(15.0, nexus)
            for vaspene in vaspenes:
                if not self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.ASSIMILATOR):
                    break
                worker = self.select_build_worker(vaspene.position)
                if worker is None:
                    break
                if not self.units(UnitTypeId.ASSIMILATOR).closer_than(1.0, vaspene).exists:
                    await self.do(worker.build(UnitTypeId.ASSIMILATOR, vaspene))

    ## 开矿
    async def expand(self):
        # (self.iteration / self.ITERATIONS_PER_MINUTE)是一个缓慢递增的值,动态开矿
        if self.units(UnitTypeId.NEXUS).amount < self.iteration / self.ITERATIONS_PER_MINUTE and self.can_afford(
                UnitTypeId.NEXUS):
            await self.expand_now()

    ## 建造进攻性建筑
    async def offensive_force_buildings(self):
        print(self.iteration / self.ITERATIONS_PER_MINUTE)
        if self.units(UnitTypeId.PYLON).ready.exists:
            pylon = self.units(UnitTypeId.PYLON).ready.random
            # 根据神族建筑科技图，折跃门建造过后才可以建造控制核心
            if self.units(UnitTypeId.GATEWAY).ready.exists and not self.units(UnitTypeId.CYBERNETICSCORE):
                if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.CYBERNETICSCORE) and not self.already_pending(UnitTypeId.CYBERNETICSCORE):
                    await self.build(UnitTypeId.CYBERNETICSCORE, near=pylon)
            # 否则建造折跃门
            # (self.iteration / self.ITERATIONS_PER_MINUTE)/2 是一个缓慢递增的值
            # elif len(self.units(UnitTypeId.GATEWAY)) < ((self.iteration / self.ITERATIONS_PER_MINUTE) / 2):
            elif len(self.units(UnitTypeId.GATEWAY)) < 1:
                if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.GATEWAY) and not self.already_pending(UnitTypeId.GATEWAY):
                    await self.build(UnitTypeId.GATEWAY, near=pylon)
            # 控制核心存在的情况下建造星门
            if self.units(UnitTypeId.CYBERNETICSCORE).ready.exists:
                if len(self.units(UnitTypeId.STARGATE)) < ((self.iteration / self.ITERATIONS_PER_MINUTE) / 2):
                    if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.STARGATE) and not self.already_pending(UnitTypeId.STARGATE):
                        await self.build(UnitTypeId.STARGATE, near=pylon)

    ## 造兵
    async def build_offensive_force(self):
        # 无队列化建造
        for sg in self.units(UnitTypeId.STARGATE).ready.noqueue:
            if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.VOIDRAY) and self.supply_left > 0:
                await self.do(sg.train(UnitTypeId.VOIDRAY))

    ## 寻找目标
    def find_target(self, state):
        if len(self.known_enemy_units) > 0:
            # 随机选取敌方单位
            return random.choice(self.known_enemy_units)
        elif len(self.known_enemy_units) > 0:
            # 随机选取敌方建筑
            return random.choice(self.known_enemy_structures)
        else:
            # 返回敌方出生点位
            return self.enemy_start_locations[0]

    ## 进攻
    async def attack(self):
        # {UNIT: [n to fight, n to defend]}
        aggressive_units = {UnitTypeId.VOIDRAY: [8, 3]}

        for UNIT in aggressive_units:
            # 攻击模式
            if self.units(UNIT).amount > aggressive_units[UNIT][0] and self.units(UNIT).amount > aggressive_units[UNIT][1]:
                for s in self.units(UNIT).idle:
                    await self.do(s.attack(self.find_target(self.state)))
            # 防卫模式
            elif self.units(UNIT).amount > aggressive_units[UNIT][1]:
                if len(self.known_enemy_units) > 0:
                    for s in self.units(UNIT).idle:
                        await self.do(s.attack(random.choice(self.known_enemy_units)))


## 启动游戏
run_game(maps.get("AcidPlantLE"), [
    Bot(Race.Protoss, SentdeBot()), Computer(Race.Terran, Difficulty.Hard)
], realtime=False)

运行结果如下

采集到了地图位置。

侦察

在intel(self)里创建一个字典draw_dict，UnitTypeId作为key,半径和颜色是value

        draw_dict = {
            UnitTypeId.NEXUS: [15, (0, 255, 0)],
            UnitTypeId.PYLON: [3, (20, 235, 0)],
            UnitTypeId.PROBE: [1, (55, 200, 0)],
            UnitTypeId.ASSIMILATOR: [2, (55, 200, 0)],
            UnitTypeId.GATEWAY: [3, (200, 100, 0)],
            UnitTypeId.CYBERNETICSCORE: [3, (150, 150, 0)],
            UnitTypeId.STARGATE: [5, (255, 0, 0)],
            UnitTypeId.ROBOTICSFACILITY: [5, (215, 155, 0)],

            UnitTypeId.VOIDRAY: [3, (255, 100, 0)]
        }

迭代同上

for unit_type in draw_dict:
            for unit in self.units(unit_type).ready:
                pos = unit.position
                cv2.circle(game_data, (int(pos[0]), int(pos[1])), draw_dict[unit_type][0], draw_dict[unit_type][1], -1)

存储三族的主基地名称（星灵枢纽，指挥中心，孵化场），刻画敌方建筑。

# 主基地名称
        main_base_names = ["nexus", "supplydepot", "hatchery"]
        # 记录敌方基地位置
        for enemy_building in self.known_enemy_structures:
            pos = enemy_building.position
            if enemy_building.name.lower() not in main_base_names:
                cv2.circle(game_data, (int(pos[0]), int(pos[1])), 5, (200, 50, 212), -1)
        for enemy_building in self.known_enemy_structures:
            pos = enemy_building.position
            if enemy_building.name.lower() in main_base_names:
                cv2.circle(game_data, (int(pos[0]), int(pos[1])), 15, (0, 0, 255), -1)

刻画敌方单位，如果是农民画得小些，其他单位则画大些。

        for enemy_unit in self.known_enemy_units:

            if not enemy_unit.is_structure:
                worker_names = ["probe", "scv", "drone"]
                # if that unit is a PROBE, SCV, or DRONE... it's a worker
                pos = enemy_unit.position
                if enemy_unit.name.lower() in worker_names:
                    cv2.circle(game_data, (int(pos[0]), int(pos[1])), 1, (55, 0, 155), -1)
                else:
                    cv2.circle(game_data, (int(pos[0]), int(pos[1])), 3, (50, 0, 215), -1)

在offensive_force_buildings(self)方法中添加建造机械台

            if self.units(CYBERNETICSCORE).ready.exists:
                if len(self.units(ROBOTICSFACILITY)) < 1:
                    if self.can_afford(ROBOTICSFACILITY) and not self.already_pending(ROBOTICSFACILITY):
                        await self.build(ROBOTICSFACILITY, near=pylon)

创建scout()，训练Observer

async def scout(self):
        if len(self.units(OBSERVER)) > 0:
            scout = self.units(OBSERVER)[0]
            if scout.is_idle:
                enemy_location = self.enemy_start_locations[0]
                move_to = self.random_location_variance(enemy_location)
                print(move_to)
                await self.do(scout.move(move_to))

        else:
            for rf in self.units(ROBOTICSFACILITY).ready.noqueue:
                if self.can_afford(OBSERVER) and self.supply_left > 0:
                    await self.do(rf.train(OBSERVER))

生成随机位置，很简单。意思是横坐标累计递增-0.2和0.2倍的横坐标，限制条件为如果x超过横坐标，那么就是横坐标最大值。

纵坐标同理。

    def random_location_variance(self, enemy_start_location):
        x = enemy_start_location[0]
        y = enemy_start_location[1]

        x += ((random.randrange(-20, 20))/100) * enemy_start_location[0]
        y += ((random.randrange(-20, 20))/100) * enemy_start_location[1]

        if x < 0:
            x = 0
        if y < 0:
            y = 0
        if x > self.game_info.map_size[0]:
            x = self.game_info.map_size[0]
        if y > self.game_info.map_size[1]:
            y = self.game_info.map_size[1]

        go_to = position.Point2(position.Pointlike((x,y)))
        return go_to

完整代码如下

# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
'''
@File    :   demo.py
@Modify Time      @Author       @Desciption
------------      -------       -----------
2019/11/3 12:32   Jonas           None
'''

import sc2
from sc2 import run_game, maps, Race, Difficulty, position
from sc2.player import Bot, Computer
from sc2.constants import *
import random
import numpy as np
import cv2


class SentdeBot(sc2.BotAI):
    def __init__(self):
        # 经过计算，每分钟大约165迭代次数
        self.ITERATIONS_PER_MINUTE = 165
        # 最大农民数量
        self.MAX_WORKERS = 50

    async def on_step(self, iteration: int):
        self.iteration = iteration
        await self.scout()
        await self.distribute_workers()
        await self.build_workers()
        await self.build_pylons()
        await self.build_assimilators()
        await self.expand()
        await self.offensive_force_buildings()
        await self.build_offensive_force()
        await self.intel()
        await self.attack()

    ## 侦察
    async def scout(self):
        if len(self.units(UnitTypeId.OBSERVER)) > 0:
            scout = self.units(UnitTypeId.OBSERVER)[0]
            if scout.is_idle:
                enemy_location = self.enemy_start_locations[0]
                move_to = self.random_location_variance(enemy_location)
                print(move_to)
                await self.do(scout.move(move_to))

        else:
            for rf in self.units(UnitTypeId.ROBOTICSFACILITY).ready.noqueue:
                if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.OBSERVER) and self.supply_left > 0:
                    await self.do(rf.train(UnitTypeId.OBSERVER))

    async def intel(self):
        game_data = np.zeros((self.game_info.map_size[1], self.game_info.map_size[0], 3), np.uint8)

        # UnitTypeId作为key,半径和颜色是value
        draw_dict = {
            UnitTypeId.NEXUS: [15, (0, 255, 0)],
            UnitTypeId.PYLON: [3, (20, 235, 0)],
            UnitTypeId.PROBE: [1, (55, 200, 0)],
            UnitTypeId.ASSIMILATOR: [2, (55, 200, 0)],
            UnitTypeId.GATEWAY: [3, (200, 100, 0)],
            UnitTypeId.CYBERNETICSCORE: [3, (150, 150, 0)],
            UnitTypeId.STARGATE: [5, (255, 0, 0)],
            UnitTypeId.ROBOTICSFACILITY: [5, (215, 155, 0)],

            UnitTypeId.VOIDRAY: [3, (255, 100, 0)],
            # OBSERVER: [3, (255, 255, 255)],
        }

        for unit_type in draw_dict:
            for unit in self.units(unit_type).ready:
                pos = unit.position
                cv2.circle(game_data, (int(pos[0]), int(pos[1])), draw_dict[unit_type][0], draw_dict[unit_type][1], -1)

        # 主基地名称
        main_base_names = ["nexus", "supplydepot", "hatchery"]
        # 记录敌方基地位置
        for enemy_building in self.known_enemy_structures:
            pos = enemy_building.position
            # 不是主基地建筑，画小一些
            if enemy_building.name.lower() not in main_base_names:
                cv2.circle(game_data, (int(pos[0]), int(pos[1])), 5, (200, 50, 212), -1)
        for enemy_building in self.known_enemy_structures:
            pos = enemy_building.position
            if enemy_building.name.lower() in main_base_names:
                cv2.circle(game_data, (int(pos[0]), int(pos[1])), 15, (0, 0, 255), -1)

        for enemy_unit in self.known_enemy_units:

            if not enemy_unit.is_structure:
                worker_names = ["probe", "scv", "drone"]
                # if that unit is a PROBE, SCV, or DRONE... it's a worker
                pos = enemy_unit.position
                if enemy_unit.name.lower() in worker_names:
                    cv2.circle(game_data, (int(pos[0]), int(pos[1])), 1, (55, 0, 155), -1)
                else:
                    cv2.circle(game_data, (int(pos[0]), int(pos[1])), 3, (50, 0, 215), -1)

        for obs in self.units(UnitTypeId.OBSERVER).ready:
            pos = obs.position
            cv2.circle(game_data, (int(pos[0]), int(pos[1])), 1, (255, 255, 255), -1)

        # flip horizontally to make our final fix in visual representation:
        flipped = cv2.flip(game_data, 0)
        resized = cv2.resize(flipped, dsize=None, fx=2, fy=2)

        cv2.imshow('Intel', resized)
        cv2.waitKey(1)

    def random_location_variance(self, enemy_start_location):
        x = enemy_start_location[0]
        y = enemy_start_location[1]

        x += ((random.randrange(-20, 20)) / 100) * enemy_start_location[0]
        y += ((random.randrange(-20, 20)) / 100) * enemy_start_location[1]

        if x < 0:
            x = 0
        if y < 0:
            y = 0
        if x > self.game_info.map_size[0]:
            x = self.game_info.map_size[0]
        if y > self.game_info.map_size[1]:
            y = self.game_info.map_size[1]

        go_to = position.Point2(position.Pointlike((x, y)))
        return go_to

    # 建造农民
    async def build_workers(self):
        # 星灵枢钮*16（一个基地配备16个农民）大于农民数量并且现有农民数量小于MAX_WORKERS
        if len(self.units(UnitTypeId.NEXUS)) * 16 > len(self.units(UnitTypeId.PROBE)) and len(
                self.units(UnitTypeId.PROBE)) < self.MAX_WORKERS:
            # 星灵枢纽(NEXUS)无队列建造，可以提高晶体矿的利用率，不至于占用资源
            for nexus in self.units(UnitTypeId.NEXUS).ready.noqueue:
                # 是否有50晶体矿建造农民
                if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.PROBE):
                    await self.do(nexus.train(UnitTypeId.PROBE))

    ## 建造水晶
    async def build_pylons(self):
        ## 供应人口和现有人口之差小于5且建筑不是正在建造
        if self.supply_left < 5 and not self.already_pending(UnitTypeId.PYLON):
            nexuses = self.units(UnitTypeId.NEXUS).ready
            if nexuses.exists:
                if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.PYLON):
                    await self.build(UnitTypeId.PYLON, near=nexuses.first)

    ## 建造吸收厂
    async def build_assimilators(self):
        for nexus in self.units(UnitTypeId.NEXUS).ready:
            # 在瓦斯泉上建造吸收厂
            vaspenes = self.state.vespene_geyser.closer_than(15.0, nexus)
            for vaspene in vaspenes:
                if not self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.ASSIMILATOR):
                    break
                worker = self.select_build_worker(vaspene.position)
                if worker is None:
                    break
                if not self.units(UnitTypeId.ASSIMILATOR).closer_than(1.0, vaspene).exists:
                    await self.do(worker.build(UnitTypeId.ASSIMILATOR, vaspene))

    ## 开矿
    async def expand(self):
        # (self.iteration / self.ITERATIONS_PER_MINUTE)是一个缓慢递增的值,动态开矿
        if self.units(UnitTypeId.NEXUS).amount < self.iteration / self.ITERATIONS_PER_MINUTE and self.can_afford(
                UnitTypeId.NEXUS):
            await self.expand_now()

    ## 建造进攻性建筑
    async def offensive_force_buildings(self):
        print(self.iteration / self.ITERATIONS_PER_MINUTE)
        if self.units(UnitTypeId.PYLON).ready.exists:
            pylon = self.units(UnitTypeId.PYLON).ready.random
            # 根据神族建筑科技图，折跃门建造过后才可以建造控制核心
            if self.units(UnitTypeId.GATEWAY).ready.exists and not self.units(UnitTypeId.CYBERNETICSCORE):
                if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.CYBERNETICSCORE) and not self.already_pending(UnitTypeId.CYBERNETICSCORE):
                    await self.build(UnitTypeId.CYBERNETICSCORE, near=pylon)
            # 否则建造折跃门
            # (self.iteration / self.ITERATIONS_PER_MINUTE)/2 是一个缓慢递增的值
            # elif len(self.units(UnitTypeId.GATEWAY)) < ((self.iteration / self.ITERATIONS_PER_MINUTE) / 2):
            elif len(self.units(UnitTypeId.GATEWAY)) < 1:
                if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.GATEWAY) and not self.already_pending(UnitTypeId.GATEWAY):
                    await self.build(UnitTypeId.GATEWAY, near=pylon)
            # 控制核心存在的情况下建造机械台
            if self.units(UnitTypeId.CYBERNETICSCORE).ready.exists:
                if len(self.units(UnitTypeId.ROBOTICSFACILITY)) < 1:
                    if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.ROBOTICSFACILITY) and not self.already_pending(
                            UnitTypeId.ROBOTICSFACILITY):
                        await self.build(UnitTypeId.ROBOTICSFACILITY, near=pylon)

            # 控制核心存在的情况下建造星门
            if self.units(UnitTypeId.CYBERNETICSCORE).ready.exists:
                if len(self.units(UnitTypeId.STARGATE)) < ((self.iteration / self.ITERATIONS_PER_MINUTE) / 2):
                    if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.STARGATE) and not self.already_pending(UnitTypeId.STARGATE):
                        await self.build(UnitTypeId.STARGATE, near=pylon)

    ## 造兵
    async def build_offensive_force(self):
        # 无队列化建造
        # for gw in self.units(UnitTypeId.GATEWAY).ready.noqueue:
        #     if not self.units(UnitTypeId.STALKER).amount > self.units(UnitTypeId.VOIDRAY).amount:
        #
        #         if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.STALKER) and self.supply_left > 0:
        #             await self.do(gw.train(UnitTypeId.STALKER))

        for sg in self.units(UnitTypeId.STARGATE).ready.noqueue:
            if self.can_afford(UnitTypeId.VOIDRAY) and self.supply_left > 0:
                await self.do(sg.train(UnitTypeId.VOIDRAY))

    ## 寻找目标
    def find_target(self, state):
        if len(self.known_enemy_units) > 0:
            # 随机选取敌方单位
            return random.choice(self.known_enemy_units)
        elif len(self.known_enemy_units) > 0:
            # 随机选取敌方建筑
            return random.choice(self.known_enemy_structures)
        else:
            # 返回敌方出生点位
            return self.enemy_start_locations[0]

    ## 进攻
    async def attack(self):
        # {UNIT: [n to fight, n to defend]}
        aggressive_units = {UnitTypeId.VOIDRAY: [8, 3]}

        for UNIT in aggressive_units:
            # 攻击模式
            if self.units(UNIT).amount > aggressive_units[UNIT][0] and self.units(UNIT).amount > aggressive_units[UNIT][
                1]:
                for s in self.units(UNIT).idle:
                    await self.do(s.attack(self.find_target(self.state)))
            # 防卫模式
            elif self.units(UNIT).amount > aggressive_units[UNIT][1]:
                if len(self.known_enemy_units) > 0:
                    for s in self.units(UNIT).idle:
                        await self.do(s.attack(random.choice(self.known_enemy_units)))


## 启动游戏
run_game(maps.get("AcidPlantLE"), [
    Bot(Race.Protoss, SentdeBot()), Computer(Race.Terran, Difficulty.Hard)
], realtime=False)

运行结果如下，红色和粉红色是敌方单位。

源码获取加群：850591259