Laravel 如何生成一千万条数据表记录

Laravel 批量填充数据流程

一般我们使用laravel填充数据,一般按照下面的流程:

1、使用model factory定义要填充的数据结果
2、在DatabaseSeeder.php里面进行调用填充

示例:

//model factory

$factory->define(NewProduct::class, function (Faker\Generator $faker) {
    $fabrication_ids = Fabrication::lists('id')->toArray();
    $fabric_width_ids = FabricWidth::lists('id')->toArray();
    $fabric_weight_ids = FabricWeight::lists('id')->toArray();
    $gauge_ids = Gauge::lists('id')->toArray();
    $diameter_ids = Diameter::lists('id')->toArray();
    $production_property_ids = ProductionProperty::lists('id')->toArray();
    $content_ids = Content::lists('id')->toArray();
    $creator_ids = Account::lists('FID')->toArray();

    return [
        'code'                    => $faker->word,
        'name'                    => $faker->word,
        'name_en'                 => $faker->word,
        'fabrication_id'          => $faker->randomElement($fabrication_ids),
        'fabric_width_id'         => $faker->randomElement($fabric_width_ids),
        'fabric_weight_id'        => $faker->randomElement($fabric_weight_ids),
        'gauge_id'                => $faker->randomElement($gauge_ids),
        'diameter_id'             => $faker->randomElement($diameter_ids),
        'production_property_id'  => $faker->randomElement($production_property_ids),
        'content_id'              => $faker->randomElement($content_ids),
        'creator_id'              => $faker->randomElement($creator_ids),
        'remark'                  => $faker->text(200),
    ];
});


//DatabaseSeeder.php

factory(NewProduct::class, 1000)->create();


以上代码,存在一个很严重的问题,create()方法会每创建一条记录都执行一条sql语句。脚本运行大概需要40s。

Laravel 优化批量填充数据

1、新建一个批量填充的文件,这里以NewProductSeeder.php为例
2、在DatabaseSeeder.php里进行调用

示例:

//NewProductSeeder.php

//获取相关联属性的值,为防止数据过多,限制每次只取10000条
//为加快获取数据速度,在有索引的id列上进行排序
$fabrication_ids = Fabrication::orderBy('id', 'desc')->take(10000)->lists('id')->toArray();
$fabric_width_ids = FabricWidth::orderBy('id', 'desc')->take(10000)->lists('id')->toArray();
$fabric_weight_ids = FabricWeight::orderBy('id', 'desc')->take(10000)->lists('id')->toArray();
$gauge_ids = Gauge::orderBy('id', 'desc')->take(10000)->lists('id')->toArray();
$diameter_ids = Diameter::orderBy('id', 'desc')->take(10000)->lists('id')->toArray();
$production_property_ids = ProductionProperty::orderBy('id', 'desc')->take(10000)->lists('id')->toArray();
$content_ids = Content::orderBy('id', 'desc')->take(10000)->lists('id')->toArray();
$creator_ids = Account::lists('FID')->toArray();
//利用两层循环,脚本每次运行总共生成20000条记录
//利用一个临时数组来批量保存临时数据
//数组不宜设置过大,否则会导致异常
foreach (range(0, 10) as $index) {
    $products = [];
    $date = $faker->dateTime;
    foreach (range(0, 2000) as $index) {
        $products[] = [
            'code'                   => $faker->word,
            'name'                   => $faker->word,
            'name_en'                => $faker->word,
            'fabrication_id'         => $faker->randomElement($fabrication_ids),
            'fabric_width_id'        => $faker->randomElement($fabric_width_ids),
            'fabric_weight_id'       => $faker->randomElement($fabric_weight_ids),
            'gauge_id'               => $faker->randomElement($gauge_ids),
            'diameter_id'            => $faker->randomElement($diameter_ids),
            'production_property_id' => $faker->randomElement($production_property_ids),
            'content_id'             => $faker->randomElement($content_ids),
            'creator_id'             => $faker->randomElement($creator_ids),
            'remark'                 => $faker->text(200),
            'created_at'             => $date,
            'updated_at'             => $date
        ];
    }
    NewProduct::insert($products);
}



//DatabaseSeeder.php

$this->call(NewProductSeeder::class);


填充一千万条记录

利用上面的脚本,只需要结合linux里面的cron job即可很简单的实现填充一千万条记录的目标

1、添加任务

在app/Console/Kernel.php文件里面添加上任务:

    protected function schedule(Schedule $schedule)
    {
        $schedule->exec('php artisan db:seed')
                 ->everyMinute()
                 ->withoutOverlapping();
    }

2、添加crontab任务

在linux里面输入crontab -e打开crontab文件,添加下面代码,保存退出即可运行代码:

* * * * * php /home/vagrant/Code/sfabric/artisan schedule:run >> /dev/null 2>&1

3、坐等成功

按照上面的填充速度(一分钟填充4w条记录),需要250分钟即可。

注意,实际使用时请根据上面脚本的执行速度,来动态调整每分钟生成的记录条数(调整最外层range即可)

(这个例子中,实际代码涉及到更多插入,4w条主表记录加8w条关联表记录加3.5k条其它属性记录,只需要50s)

tips:为加快速度,可在批量添加时,提前删除索引,添加完成后再添加索引。


参考网站:

  • Speeding Up Laravel's Database Seeders
  • 大批量假数据填充的正确方法

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