FreeBSD邮件系统安装 Step by Step

 

1．  系统配置

a)         安装cvsup

#cd /usr/ports/net/cvsup-without-gui

#make install clean

#reboot

#cvsup -gL 2 -h cvsup4.freebsdchina.org /usr/share/examples/cvsup/ports-supfile

              这个过程大概要40分钟

b)        配置主机名

编辑/etc/rc.conf，修改文件中以下内容

ifconfig_em0="inet 61.186.252.144  netmask 255.255.255.224"

defaultrouter="61.186.252.129"

hostname="mail2.csdn.net"

 

2．  安装Mysql、Apache、PHP、FTP

a)         安装Mysql

#cd /usr/ports/databases/mysql41-server

#make install clean

#在/etc/rc.conf 中加入下面内容，以便msyql 在开机时随系统启动。

mysql_enable=”YES”

cp /usr/local/share/mysql/my-small.cnf /usr/local/etc/my.cnf

在my.cnf 里增加地址的绑定，以提高安全性。（如果你的数据库只限在本地操作）

[mysqld]

bind_address=127.0.0.1

测试Mysql

#mysql

#mysqladmin -u root password ******

b)        安装Apache2

#cd /usr/ports/www/apahce2

#make install clean

在/etc/rc.conf 中加入下面内容。

apache2_enable=”YES”

c)        安装mod_php4

#cd /usr/ports/www/mod_php4

#make install clean

安装完成后，在/usr/local/etc/apahce2/httpd.conf 加入下面的内容

DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var index.php

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps

#/usr/local/etc/rc.d/apache2.sh restart

 

d)        安装php4-extensions

#cd /usr/ports/lang/php4-extensions

#make install clean

我选择了下面的模块：

[X]BCMATH

[X]BZ2

[X]CRACK

[X]CTYPE

[X]CURL

[X]FTP

[X]GETTEXT

[X]IMAP

[X]LDAP

[X]MCRYPT

[X]MYSQL (注一定要选上)

[X]OVERLOAD

[X]PCRE

[X]POSIX

[X]SESSION

[X]TOKENIZER

[X]XML

[X]XMLRPC

[X]ZIP

[X]ZLIB

PHP 支持的模块可以参考/usr/local/etc/php/extensions.ini

 

e)         安装Zend

由于版权问题， 系统不会自动下载该软件包。需要到zend 的网站

(https://www.zend.com/store/free_download.php?pid=13)下载FreeBSD 的版本，放到

/usr/ports/distfiles 中，再进行安装。

#cd /usr/ports/devel/ZendOptimizer

#make install clean

安装完成后在/usr/local/etc/php.ini 添加下面的内容。

[Zend]

zend_optimizer.optimization_level=15

zend_extension_manager.optimizer="/usr/local/lib/php/20020429/Optimizer"

zend_extension_manager.optimizer_ts="/usr/local/lib/php/20020429/Optimizer_TS"

zend_extension="/usr/local/lib/php/20020429/ZendExtensionManager.so"

zend_extension_ts="/usr/local/lib/php/20020429/ZendExtensionManager_TS.so"

 

f)         安装openssl

#cd /usr/ports/security/openssl-beta

#make install clean

 

g)        安装phpmyadmin

#cd /usr/ports/databases/phpmyadmin

#make fetch

下载完成后，进入/usr/port/distfiles 目录解压，并移动或复制到/usr/local/www/data 目录中

#cd /usr/ports/distfiles

#tar jxvf phpMyAdmin-2.6.4-pl3.tar.bz2

# mv phpMyAdmin-2.6.4-pl3 /usr/local/www/data/phpmyadmin

配置phpmyadmin 打开/usr/local/www/data/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php 修改

$cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_type'] = 'http';

 

h)        测试PHP 与apache

安装完成后，在/usr/loca/www/data/目录中建立phpinfo.php 以测试apache 与php

的安装是否成功。

#cd /usr/local/www/data/

# echo ''>phpinfo.php

打开浏览器输入http://61.186.252.144/phpinfo.php

为了安全成见，测试完后把此文件删除

i)          安装pure-ftp

在系统中常常需要使用到FTP 进行上传文件，所以加进来，当成平时的笔记吧。

#cd /usr/ports/ftp/pure-ftpd

#make install clean

#在/etc/rc.conf 添加

pureftpd_enable=”YES”

复制配置文件,此配置使用的是系统用户。上传文件的位置在/home/你自己的帐号中

#cp /usr/local/etc/pure-ftpd.conf.sample /usr/local/etc/pure-ftpd.conf

#下面的网址有详细的pure-ftp + mysql 安装教程

http://machiel.generaal.net/index.php?subject=pureftpd&language=eng

 

3．  安装邮件系统软件

a)         设置数据库

本系统使用extman 作为系统数据库，将Extman 上传到机器中解压后执行下面命令。

Extman 下载地址：http://www.extmail.org/cgi-bin/download.cgi

# tar xzfv extman-0.12.tar.gz

#cd extman-0.12-20051216/docs

导入数mysql 数据

#mysql –u root –p < extmail.sql

#mysql –u root –p

打开phpmyadmin 可看到多了一个数据库，并有一条记录

Extman 密码在用户名和密码在init.sql 可以打开修改。

 

b)        安装courier-imap

 

# cd /usr/ports/mail/courier-imap/

# make install clean

只选择 OPENSSL 及 AUTH_MYSQL

在/etc/rc.conf 加入

courier_authdaemond_enable="YES"

courier_imap_pop3d_enable="YES"

courier_imap_imapd_enable="YES"

复制配置文件

#cd /usr/local/etc/courier-imap

#cp imapd.cnf.dist imapd.cnf

#cp pop3d.cnf.dist pop3d.cnf

启动authdaemond

#/usr/local/etc/rc.d/courier-authdaemond.sh start

注意如果你在/etc/rc.conf 配置文件中写错了服务名，执行脚本会出现 no found关于服务名可以打开 /usr/local/etc/rc.d/ 下对应的sh 文件，查找name 这一项。如 name="courier_imap_imapd"#authdaemond 运行后会在/var/run/authdaemond/下产生socket，如果没有产生，则认证无法通过。

#chmod +x /var/run/authdaemond

 

c)        安装cyrus-sasl

#cd /usr/ports/security/cyrus-sasl2

#make install WITH_AUTHDAEMON=yes

创建/usr/local/lib/sasl2/smtpd.conf 输入下面的内容

pwcheck_method:authdaemond

log_level:3

mech_list:PLAIN LOGIN

authdaemond_path:/var/run/authdaemond/socket

 

d)        安装postfix

 

#cd /usr/ports/mail/postfix

# make install clean

选择SASL2 TLS MYSQL VDA

回答下面的问题

You need user "postfix" added to group "mail".(你必须将用户postfix 加入到mail 组里)

Would you like me to add it [y]? y (你希望添加吗?)

Would you like to activate Postfix in /etc/mail/mailer.conf [n]? n

#在/etc/rc.conf 添加下面的内容

sendmail_enable="YES" #这一句可以不要。

sendmail_flags="-bd"

sendmail_pidfile="/var/spool/postfix/pid/master.pid"

sendmail_outbound_enable="NO"

sendmail_submit_enable="NO"

sendmail_msp_queue_enable="NO"

做相关连接.

#cd /usr/local/etc/rc.d

#ln -s /usr/local/sbin/postfix postfix.sh

#ln -s /usr/local/sbin/sendmail /usr/sbin/sendmail

#注,如果/usr/sbin/sendmail 存在,先删了再做连接.

#echo postfix: root >> /etc/aliases

#/usr/local/bin/newaliases

#chown postfix:postfix /etc/opiekeys

4．  配置服务器

a)         创建/etc/periodic.conf

daily_clean_hoststat_enable="NO"

daily_status_mail_rejects_enable="NO"

daily_status_include_submit_mailq="NO"

daily_submit_queuerun="NO"

 

b)        配置postfix

修改/usr/local/etc/postfix/main.cf 在文件最后加入下面内容。

              smtp_helo_required = yes

strict_rfc821_evelopes = yes

smtp_etrn_restrictions = permit_mynetworks,reject

###################BASE##################

myhostname=mail2.csdn.net

mydomain = csdn.net

mydestination = $myhostname

local_recipient_maps =

command_directory = /usr/local/sbin

local_transport = virtual

message_size_limit = 10240000

 

#################MySQL################

virtual_alias_maps =mysql:/usr/local/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf

virtual_gid_maps = static:125

virtual_mailbox_base = /home/domains

virtual_mailbox_domains =mysql:/usr/local/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_domains_maps.cf

virtual_mailbox_limit = 104857600

virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/usr/local/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf

virtual_minimum_uid = 125

virtual_transport = virtual

virtual_uid_maps = static:125

################Quota################

virtual_create_maildirsize = yes

virtual_mailbox_extended = yes

virtual_mailbox_limit_maps =mysql:/usr/local/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_limit_maps.cf

virtual_mailbox_limit_override = yes

virtual_maildir_limit_message = Sorry,the user's Maildir has overdrawn his diskspace

quota ,please tray again later.

virtual_overquota_bounce = yes

##############SASL####################

smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes

smtpd_sasl_security_clients = noanonymous

broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes

smtpd_delay_reject = yes

smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated

reject_non_fqdn_sender

reject_unknown_sender_domain

reject_unknown_recipient_domain

reject_non_fqdn_recipient

reject_unauth_destination

smtpd_client_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated

              确认/usr/local/etc/postfix/master.cf 有下面的内容。

virtual unix - n n - - virtual

将extman docs 目录下mysql_virtual 开头的文件复制到/usr/local/etc/postfix/

#cp mysql_virtual_* /usr/local/etc/postfix/

修改extman以支持激活及磁盘限额,以下用cat看到的文件内容

mail# cat /usr/local/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf

user = extmail

password = extmail

hosts = localhost

dbname = extmail

#table = alias

#select_field = goto

#where_field = address

query = SELECT goto FROM alias WHERE address= '%s' AND active = 1

mail# cat /usr/local/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_domains_maps.cf

user = extmail

password = extmail

hosts = localhost

dbname = extmail

#table = domain

#select_field = description

#where_field = domain

query = SELECT description FROM domain WHERE domain ='%s' AND active = 1

mail# cat /usr/local/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_limit_maps.cf

user = extmail

password = extmail

hosts = localhost

dbname = extmail

#table = mailbox

#select_field = quota

#where_field = username

#additional_conditions = and active = '1'

query = SELECT quota FROM mailbox WHERE username='%s' AND active = 1

mail# cat /usr/local/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf

user = extmail

password = extmail

hosts = localhost

dbname = extmail

#table = mailbox

#select_field = maildir

#where_field = username

#additional_conditions = and active = '1'

query = SELECT maildir FROM mailbox WHERE username = '%s' AND active = 1

c)        配置Courier-imap

修改Courier 相关设置，/usr/local/etc/courier-imap/imapd：

IMAP_CAPABILITY="IMAP4rev1 CHILDREN NAMESPACE THREAD=ORDEREDSUBJECT THREAD=REFERENCES SORT QUOTA"

修改/usr/local/etc/courier-imap/pop3d

POP3AUTH="LOGIN CRAM-MD5 CRAM-SHA1"

修改/usr/local/etc/authlib/authmysqlrc

注意中间的是tab 键

 

MYSQL_SERVER    localhost

MYSQL_USERNAME  extmail

MYSQL_PASSWORD  extmail

MYSQL_PORT      0

MYSQL_OPT       0

MYSQL_DATABASE  extmail

MYSQL_USER_TABLE     mailbox

MYSQL_CRYPT_PWFIELD   password

MYSQL_UID_FIELD '125'

MYSQL_GID_FIELD '125'

MYSQL_LOGIN_FIELD     username

MYSQL_HOME_FIELD        concat('/home/domains/',homedir)

MYSQL_NAME_FIELD     name

MYSQL_MAILDIR_FIELD     concat('/home/domains/',maildir)

MYSQL_QUOTA_FIELD     quota         

              修改/usr/local/etc/authlib/authdaemonrc

authmodulelist="authmysql"

authmodulelistorig="authmysql"

version="authdaemond.mysql"

daemons=5

authdaemover=/var/run/authdaemond

subsystem=mail

DEBUG_LOGIN=0

DEFAULTOPTIONS="wbnodsn=1"

至此邮件系统的基本已经安装完成。重启系统后开始测试。

5．  测试邮件系统

#chown postfix:postfix /home/domains

a)         打开maillog

maillog 是测试邮件是否成功的重要信息。每一个邮件动作都会在maillog 里生成一条记录。

 

b)        安装p5-MIME-Base64

因为系统在认证时使用的是BASE64 编码，此时需要对用名和密码进行展换。如果你觉得不好用，可

以使用下面的网站。

http://www.sharesky.cn/base64.php?en=填你要编码的内容。

#cd /usr/ports/converters/p5-MIME-Base64/

#make install clean

进行BASE64 编码,extmail 里有一个测试用户，用户名为[email protected] 密码为test

#perl -MMIME::Base64 -e 'print encode_base64("test/@extmail.org");'

dGVzdEBleHRtYWlsLm9yZw==

# perl -MMIME::Base64 -e 'print encode_base64("test");'

dGVzdA==

#tail –f /var/log/maillog #注意，不要退出来。

c)        发送测试

以＃开头的为要输入的部分

#telnet localhost 25

#ehlo mail #问候,后面mail 是主机名，可以用localhost 代替

250-mail2.csdn.net

250-PIPELINING

250-SIZE 10240000

250-VRFY

250-ETRN

250-AUTH LOGIN PLAIN

250-AUTH=LOGIN PLAIN

250 8BITMIME

#auth login #认证

334 VXNlcm5hbWU6

#dGVzdEBleHRtYWlsLm9yZw== #用户名 [email protected]

334 UGFzc3dvcmQ6

#dGVzdA== #密码 test

235 Authentication successful

#mail from:[email protected] #寄件人

250 Ok

#rcpt to: [email protected] #收件人

250 Ok

#data #开始输入邮件内容。

354 End data with .

#this is a test! #邮件内容。

. #注意，这个点是结束这封邮件的输入。

250 Ok: queued as 491851D #放入到邮件队列里。

#quit #发送完成，退出。

221 Bye

Connection closed by foreign host.

d)        收信测试

e)         配置extman和extmail

#mv extman-0.12 extman

#cp extman /usr/home/httpd/mail/extman/

              #cd /usr/home/httpd/mail/extman/libs/Ext

              #rm CGI.pm Session.pm Config.pm Utils.pm Lang.pm RFC822.pm

              下载extmail

              #tar xzfv extmail-0.23-20060104.tar.gz

              #mv extmail-0.23-20060104 extmail

              #mv extmail /home/httpd/mail/

              #cd /home/httpd/mail/extmail/libs/Ext/

              #cp CGI.pm Session.pm Config.pm Utils.pm Lang.pm RFC822.pm /home/httpd/mail/extman/libs/Ext/

              #cd /usr/home/httpd/mail/extman

              修改  /home/httpd/mail/extman/webman.cf

              #vi webman.cf

              SYS_CONFIG = /home/httpd/mail/extman/

              SYS_LANGDIR = /home/httpd/mail/extman/lang

              SYS_TEMPLDIR = /home/httpd/mail/extman/html  

              安装p5-Apache-DBI

              #cd /usr/ports/www/p5-Apache-DBI

#make install clean

安装p5-DBD-mysql

#/usr/ports/databases/p5-DBD-mysql41

#make install clean

配置Apache,编辑 httpd.conf

#vi httpd.conf

ServerName mail2.csdn.net

CustomLog /dev/null combined

DocumentRoot /home/httpd/mail

ScriptAlias /extman/cgi/ "/home/httpd/mail/extman/cgi/"

Alias /extman/ "/home/httpd/mail/extman/html/"

SetHandler cgi-script

Options +ExecCGI

AllowOverride All

 

配置extmail

下载extmail 网址：http://www.extmail.org/cgi-bin/download.cgi

#cd /home/httpd/mail/extmail/

#cp webmail.cf.default webmail.cf

#vi webmail.cf

SYS_MYSQL_USER = extmail

SYS_MYSQL_PASS = your password

SYS_MYSQL_DB = extmail

SYS_MYSQL_HOST = localhost

SYS_MYSQL_SOCKET = /tmp/mysql.sock

配置apache

在httpd.conf 加入下面的内容,记得和刚才配置的extman在一个虚拟主机中

#config for ExtMail

ScriptAlias /extmail/cgi/ "/home/httpd/mail/extmail/cgi/"

Alias /extmail/ "/home/httpd/mail/extmail/html/"

SetHandler cgi-script

Options +ExecCGI

AllowOverride All