/*
1.Vector可以随着用户插入或删除元素来改变自己的大小。
2.Vector类通过维护capacity(函数)和capacityIncrement(变量)来优化存储。
3.capacity总是至少和vector的size一般大(capacity>=size)。
4.通过在向vector插入元素之前增大capacity,可以减少很大的内存分配时间。
*/
package java.util;
public class Vector
extends AbstractList
implements List, RandomAccess, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable
{
//用来存储vector元素的数组,vector的captcity等于数组的length
protected Object[] elementData;
//vector中实际存在元素的数目
protected int elementCount;
/*
1.capacity表示当需要存储空间大于capacity时,vector存储空间增大的数目
2.当capacity<=0时,vector的capacity每次需要增长时,大小翻倍
*/
protected int capacityIncrement;
//使用JDK 1.0.2得到的序列号
private static final long serialVersionUID = -2767605614048989439L;
/*
1.初始化一个空的Vector
2.initialCapacity表示vector的初始大小。
3.capacityIncrement表示当vector溢出(overflow)时,capacity需要增加的数目
*/
public Vector(int initialCapacity, int capacityIncrement) {
//Vector的直接父类AbstractList的构造函数为空,没有什么特别的意义
super();
//如果初始大小为负,抛出参数异常
if (initialCapacity < 0)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal Capacity: "+
initialCapacity);
//初始化成员变量
this.elementData = new Object[initialCapacity];
this.capacityIncrement = capacityIncrement;
}
//默认的capacityIncrement为0,表示vector大小需要增加时,采用double策略
public Vector(int initialCapacity) {
this(initialCapacity, 0);
}
//默认Vector的大小为10
public Vector() {
this(10);
}
public Vector(Collection extends E> c) {
//调用Collection子类的toArray方法
elementData = c.toArray();
elementCount = elementData.length;
// c.toArray might (incorrectly) not return Object[] (see 6260652)
/*
1.Arrays.copyOf(U[] original, int newLength, Class extends T[]> newType)
复制指定的数组,截取或用 null 填充(如有必要),以使副本具有指定的长度。
2.就是通过一系列方法将Colleciton的元素变成数组存到elementData中
*/
if (elementData.getClass() != Object[].class)
elementData = Arrays.copyOf(elementData, elementCount, Object[].class);
}
/*
1.sysnchronized:从这里可以看出:vector线程安全,ArrayList不是线程同步的
2.将elemetntData中的元素复制到anArray中
*/
public synchronized void copyInto(Object[] anArray) {
//从指定源数组中复制一个数组,复制从指定的位置开始,到目标数组的指定位置结束。
System.arraycopy(elementData, 0, anArray, 0, elementCount);
}
/*
如果vector当前实际元素数目小于capacity,将vector缩小。
常用于减少vector的存储空间
*/
public synchronized void trimToSize() {
/*
1.在Vector和ArrayList的直接父类AbstractList中声明,表示集合容器结构上被修改的次数
通常用于线程并发中。(结构修改通常指改变容器size,以及使迭代器产生错误结果的情况)
*/
modCount++;
int oldCapacity = elementData.length;
if (elementCount < oldCapacity) {
elementData = Arrays.copyOf(elementData, elementCount);
}
}
/*
1.增大vector的大小,确保能存放至少minCapacity个元素
*/
public synchronized void ensureCapacity(int minCapacity) {
if (minCapacity > 0) {
modCount++;
ensureCapacityHelper(minCapacity);//函数在下面
}
}
private void ensureCapacityHelper(int minCapacity) {
// overflow-conscious code
//如果当前的elementData.length(即capacity)小于参数mincapacity
if (minCapacity - elementData.length > 0)
grow(minCapacity);//函数在下面
}
/*
The maximum size of array to allocate.
有些VM需要在数组前加些头信息(header words )
*/
private static final int MAX_ARRAY_SIZE = Integer.MAX_VALUE - 8;
private void grow(int minCapacity) {
// overflow-conscious code
int oldCapacity = elementData.length;
/*
如果capacityIncrement>0,则新的capacity = 旧的capacity+capacityIncrement
否则double
*/
int newCapacity = oldCapacity + ((capacityIncrement > 0) ?
capacityIncrement : oldCapacity);
if (newCapacity - minCapacity < 0)
newCapacity = minCapacity;
//如果容量过大,进行异常处理
if (newCapacity - MAX_ARRAY_SIZE > 0)
newCapacity = hugeCapacity(minCapacity);//函数在下面
elementData = Arrays.copyOf(elementData, newCapacity);
}
private static int hugeCapacity(int minCapacity) {
if (minCapacity < 0) // overflow
throw new OutOfMemoryError();
return (minCapacity > MAX_ARRAY_SIZE) ?
Integer.MAX_VALUE :
MAX_ARRAY_SIZE;
}
/*
1.如果小了,增大空间,用null填充
2.如果大了,减少空间,用null填充
*/
public synchronized void setSize(int newSize) {
modCount++;
if (newSize > elementCount) {
ensureCapacityHelper(newSize);
} else {
for (int i = newSize ; i < elementCount ; i++) {
elementData[i] = null;
}
}
elementCount = newSize;
}
//capacity = elementData.length ,数据的容量大小(不是实际大小)
public synchronized int capacity() {
return elementData.length;
}
//vector的实际大小
public synchronized int size() {
return elementCount;
}
//是否为空
public synchronized boolean isEmpty() {
return elementCount == 0;
}
// 返回此vector的组件的枚举。
public Enumeration elements() {
//内部类
return new Enumeration() {
int count = 0;
public boolean hasMoreElements() {
return count < elementCount;
}
public E nextElement() {
//锁机制
synchronized (Vector.this) {
if (count < elementCount) {
return elementData(count++);
}
}
throw new NoSuchElementException("Vector Enumeration");
}
};
}
//是否包含o对象
public boolean contains(Object o) {
return indexOf(o, 0) >= 0;
}
//o对象的位置
public int indexOf(Object o) {
return indexOf(o, 0);
}
//index为起始位置,返回-1表示不包含o对象
public synchronized int indexOf(Object o, int index) {
if (o == null) {
for (int i = index ; i < elementCount ; i++)
if (elementData[i]==null)
return i;
} else {
for (int i = index ; i < elementCount ; i++)
if (o.equals(elementData[i]))
return i;
}
return -1;
}
//o对象的最后位置
public synchronized int lastIndexOf(Object o) {
return lastIndexOf(o, elementCount-1);
}
//反向查找,就是lastIndexOf
public synchronized int lastIndexOf(Object o, int index) {
if (index >= elementCount)
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(index + " >= "+ elementCount);
if (o == null) {
for (int i = index; i >= 0; i--)
if (elementData[i]==null)
return i;
} else {
for (int i = index; i >= 0; i--)
if (o.equals(elementData[i]))
return i;
}
return -1;
}
//返回指定位置对象
public synchronized E elementAt(int index) {
if (index >= elementCount) {
throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(index + " >= " + elementCount);
}
return elementData(index);//还可以这样调用?!,这是个函数,在下面有
}
//返回vector中第一个对象
public synchronized E firstElement() {
if (elementCount == 0) {
throw new NoSuchElementException();
}
return elementData(0);
}
//返回vector中第二个对象
public synchronized E lastElement() {
if (elementCount == 0) {
throw new NoSuchElementException();
}
return elementData(elementCount - 1);
}
//设置指定位置对象的值
public synchronized void setElementAt(E obj, int index) {
if (index >= elementCount) {
throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(index + " >= " +
elementCount);
}
elementData[index] = obj;
}
//删除指定位置对象
public synchronized void removeElementAt(int index) {
modCount++;
if (index >= elementCount) {
throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(index + " >= " +
elementCount);
}
else if (index < 0) {
throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(index);
}
//得到删除位置到结尾之间的距离
int j = elementCount - index - 1;
if (j > 0) {
System.arraycopy(elementData, index + 1, elementData, index, j);
}
elementCount--;
//java中不必自己删除对象(用delete用习惯了),将对象置为null即可
elementData[elementCount] = null; /* to let gc do its work */
}
public synchronized void insertElementAt(E obj, int index) {
modCount++;
if (index > elementCount) {
throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(index
+ " > " + elementCount);
}
//扩大vector的存储空间
ensureCapacityHelper(elementCount + 1);
//多了好多的拷贝时间呀
System.arraycopy(elementData, index, elementData, index + 1, elementCount - index);
elementData[index] = obj;
elementCount++;
}
//直接在末尾添加
public synchronized void addElement(E obj) {
modCount++;
ensureCapacityHelper(elementCount + 1);
elementData[elementCount++] = obj;
}
//先找到位置,在删除对象
public synchronized boolean removeElement(Object obj) {
modCount++;
int i = indexOf(obj);
if (i >= 0) {
removeElementAt(i);
return true;
}
return false;
}
//将对象置为null,就可以删除对象了
public synchronized void removeAllElements() {
modCount++;
// Let gc do its work
for (int i = 0; i < elementCount; i++)
elementData[i] = null;
elementCount = 0;
}
//创建并返回此对象的一个副本(不是同一个对象了)
public synchronized Object clone() {
try {
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
Vector v = (Vector) super.clone();
v.elementData = Arrays.copyOf(elementData, elementCount);
v.modCount = 0;
return v;
} catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
// this shouldn't happen, since we are Cloneable
throw new InternalError();
}
}
//得到数组的表现形式
public synchronized Object[] toArray() {
return Arrays.copyOf(elementData, elementCount);
}
//返回一个数组,包含此向量中以恰当顺序存放的所有元素;返回数组的运行时类型为指定数组的类型。
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public synchronized T[] toArray(T[] a) {
if (a.length < elementCount)
return (T[]) Arrays.copyOf(elementData, elementCount, a.getClass());
System.arraycopy(elementData, 0, a, 0, elementCount);
if (a.length > elementCount)
a[elementCount] = null;
return a;
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
E elementData(int index) {
return (E) elementData[index];
}
//直接获取
public synchronized E get(int index) {
if (index >= elementCount)
throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(index);
return elementData(index);
}
//直接设置
public synchronized E set(int index, E element) {
if (index >= elementCount)
throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(index);
E oldValue = elementData(index);
elementData[index] = element;
return oldValue;
}
//直接增加
public synchronized boolean add(E e) {
modCount++;
ensureCapacityHelper(elementCount + 1);
elementData[elementCount++] = e;
return true;
}
//移除第一个匹配项
public boolean remove(Object o) {
return removeElement(o);
}
public void add(int index, E element) {
insertElementAt(element, index);
}
public synchronized E remove(int index) {
modCount++;
if (index >= elementCount)
throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(index);
//保存旧的对象
E oldValue = elementData(index);
//将后面的对象往前移动
int numMoved = elementCount - index - 1;
if (numMoved > 0)
System.arraycopy(elementData, index+1, elementData, index,
numMoved);
elementData[--elementCount] = null; // Let gc do its work
return oldValue;
}
public void clear() {
removeAllElements();
}
public synchronized boolean containsAll(Collection> c) {
return super.containsAll(c);
}
//将指定 Collection 中的所有元素添加到此向量的末尾,按照指定 collection 的迭代器所返回的顺序添加这些元素。
public synchronized boolean addAll(Collection extends E> c) {
modCount++;
Object[] a = c.toArray();
int numNew = a.length;
ensureCapacityHelper(elementCount + numNew);
System.arraycopy(a, 0, elementData, elementCount, numNew);
elementCount += numNew;
return numNew != 0;
}
public synchronized boolean removeAll(Collection> c) {
return super.removeAll(c);
}
public synchronized boolean retainAll(Collection> c) {
return super.retainAll(c);
}
//在指定位置将指定 Collection 中的所有元素插入到此向量中。
public synchronized boolean addAll(int index, Collection extends E> c) {
modCount++;
if (index < 0 || index > elementCount)
throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(index);
Object[] a = c.toArray();
int numNew = a.length;
//首先扩大容量
ensureCapacityHelper(elementCount + numNew);
int numMoved = elementCount - index;
if (numMoved > 0)
System.arraycopy(elementData, index, elementData, index + numNew,
numMoved);
System.arraycopy(a, 0, elementData, index, numNew);
elementCount += numNew;
return numNew != 0;
}
public synchronized boolean equals(Object o) {
return super.equals(o);
}
public synchronized int hashCode() {
return super.hashCode();
}
public synchronized String toString() {
return super.toString();
}
public synchronized List subList(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
return Collections.synchronizedList(super.subList(fromIndex, toIndex),this);
}
//从此 List 中移除其索引位于 fromIndex(包括)与 toIndex(不包括)之间的所有元素。
protected synchronized void removeRange(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
modCount++;
int numMoved = elementCount - toIndex;
//现将后面的对象移到前面来
System.arraycopy(elementData, toIndex, elementData, fromIndex,
numMoved);
// Let gc do its work
int newElementCount = elementCount - (toIndex-fromIndex);
while (elementCount != newElementCount)
elementData[--elementCount] = null;
}
private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s)
throws java.io.IOException {
final java.io.ObjectOutputStream.PutField fields = s.putFields();
final Object[] data;
synchronized (this) {
fields.put("capacityIncrement", capacityIncrement);
fields.put("elementCount", elementCount);
data = elementData.clone();
}
fields.put("elementData", data);
s.writeFields();
}
public synchronized ListIterator listIterator(int index) {
if (index < 0 || index > elementCount)
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Index: "+index);
return new ListItr(index);//ListItr类在后面
}
public synchronized ListIterator listIterator() {
return new ListItr(0);
}
public synchronized Iterator iterator() {
return new Itr();//在后面
}
//将迭代器类定义到Vector类的里面,这样迭代器就可以访问vector类的内部变量
private class Itr implements Iterator {
int cursor; // index of next element to return
int lastRet = -1; // index of last element returned; -1 if no such
//用于检查线程是否同步,如果线程不同步,它们两个的值不一样
int expectedModCount = modCount;
public boolean hasNext() {
// Racy but within spec, since modifications are checked
// within or after synchronization in next/previous
return cursor != elementCount;
}
public E next() {
synchronized (Vector.this) {
//检查线程安全
checkForComodification();
int i = cursor;
if (i >= elementCount)
throw new NoSuchElementException();
//cursor保存下次要访问的位置
cursor = i + 1;
//将最后依次访问的地址赋给lastRet(用于恢复)
return elementData(lastRet = i);
}
}
public void remove() {
if (lastRet == -1)
throw new IllegalStateException();
synchronized (Vector.this) {
checkForComodification();
//实质是调用vector自己的remove方法
Vector.this.remove(lastRet);
expectedModCount = modCount;
}
cursor = lastRet;
lastRet = -1;
}
final void checkForComodification() {
if (modCount != expectedModCount)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
}
}
//ListItr和Itr很像,基本上都是调用vector的方法
final class ListItr extends Itr implements ListIterator {
ListItr(int index) {
super();
cursor = index;
}
public boolean hasPrevious() {
return cursor != 0;//第二个元素之后的元素都有previous
}
public int nextIndex() {
return cursor;
}
public int previousIndex() {
return cursor - 1;
}
public E previous() {
synchronized (Vector.this) {
checkForComodification();
int i = cursor - 1;
if (i < 0)
throw new NoSuchElementException();
cursor = i;
return elementData(lastRet = i);
}
}
public void set(E e) {
if (lastRet == -1)
throw new IllegalStateException();
synchronized (Vector.this) {
checkForComodification();
Vector.this.set(lastRet, e);
}
}
public void add(E e) {
int i = cursor;
synchronized (Vector.this) {
checkForComodification();
Vector.this.add(i, e);
expectedModCount = modCount;
}
cursor = i + 1;
lastRet = -1;
}
}
个人体会:
1.认清两个重要参数capacity(等价于size、length啥的),capacityIncrement。注意当capacityIncrement<=0时,容器扩大一倍(double),否则容器增加capacityIncrement个大小。(一般都是扩大一倍)
2.最重要的操作就是数组的复制,最基本函数System.arraycopy(elementData, index + 1, elementData, index, j)(这个函数在System类中只有定义,具体的实现在JVM中,大家可以自行查找资料)。不要管他的内部实现,面向对象嘛。然后注意一些参数变量的改变
3.迭代器类其实就是类似于一个代理,使用的都是vector的内部方法
4.vector类时线程安全的,主要靠synchronized (Vector.this) 这个对象锁或其他锁机制,以及检查修改次数modCount来实现。
一起学习,一起进步,欢迎访问我的博客:http://blog.csdn.net/wanghao109