python Django + uwsgi + nginx 在阿里云Ubuntu环境下的部署

主要内容：ubuntu下 Django + MySQL + nginx + uwsgi

操作系统环境:ubuntu 14.04

一、相关软件安装：

首先升级apt-get : sudo apt-get update

Linux系统自带python 主要使用的是python 2.7.6版本

python的相关目录：/usr/bin/python 2.7.6  或  /usr/bin/python3.4

install MySQL: sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client

installMySQLdb: sudo apt-get install python-mysqldb

install Nginx: sudo apt-get install nginx

install python-dev:sudo apt-get install python-dev

install uwsgi: pip install uwsgi

install Django:

                     sudo  apt-get install python-pip

                     pip install django == 1.xx(我用的是1.8)

二、其原理为：

the web client<-> the web server(nginx)<-> the socket<-> uwsgi <-> Django

1.便捷的配置：在项目的个目录下建立mysite_nginx.conf配置文件

# mysite_nginx.conf
# the upstream component nginx needs to connect to
upstream django {
    server unix:///path/to/yourproject/mysite.sock; # for a file socket
    #server 127.0.0.1:8001; # for a web port socket (we'll use this first)
}
# configuration of the server
server {
    # the port your site will be served on
    listen      80;
    # the domain name it will serve for
    server_name yourweb.com; # substitute your machine's IP address or FQDN
    charset     utf-8;

    # max upload size
    client_max_body_size 75M;   # adjust to taste

    # Django media
    location /media  {
        alias /path/to/yourproject/media;  # your Django project's media files - amend as required
    }

    location /static {
        alias /path/to/yourproject/static; # your Django project's static files - amend as required
    }

    # Finally, send all non-media requests to the Django server.
    location / {
        uwsgi_pass  django;
        include  /path/to/yourproject/uwsgi_params; # the uwsgi_params file you installed
    }
}

其中uwsgi_params文件，你需要从/etc/nginx/uwsgi_params拷贝到你项目的根目录下。

在mysite/yourproject/settings.py中的APPS中添加创建的app应用，配置DATABASES数据库，

在静态文件部分添加静态文件的根目录：

STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static/")

在manage.py目录下使用python manage.py collectstatic收集静态文件

创建media目录用于存放媒体文件。

为了防止权限不够，无法访问相关文件，我在nginx.conf中更改用户权限：

user root;

然后我们继续在项目的根目录下创建uwsgi.ini文件：

#uwsgi.ini file
[uwsgi]

# Django-related settings
# the base directory (full path)
chdir           = /path/to/yourproject/
# Django's wsgi file
module          = mysite.wsgi
# the virtualenv (full path)
#home            = /path/to/virtualenv

# process-related settings
# master
master          = true
# maximum number of worker processes
processes       = 4
threads         = 2
# the socket (use the full path to be safe
socket          = /path/to/yourproject/mysite.sock
# ... with appropriate permissions - may be needed
#chmod-socket    = 666
# clear environment on exit
vacuum          = true

将mysite_nginx.conf文件在/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/下建立连接文件

ln -s /path/to/yourproject/mysite_nginx.conf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/

顺便删除/etc/nginx/sites-enabled下面的default文件，如果你想再次导入default文件

可以在/etc/nginx/sites-available/文件下找到。

随后运行：

uwsgi --ini uwsgi.ini

成功后编辑/etc/rc.local文件，可以使uwsgi在开机时自动启动

/usr/local/bin/uwsgi --socket /path/to/mysite.sock --module /path/to/mysite.wsgi 
#我没用该权限命令--chmod-socket=666

若以上有问题参考以下博客

主要参考网站：

http://blog.csdn.net/yjdlailin/article/details/50879449

http://www.jianshu.com/p/e6ff4a28ab5a

http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.org/en/latest/tutorials/Django_and_nginx.html#configure-nginx-for-your-site

http://blog.csdn.net/fengyu09/article/details/38128033