Spring Boot中引入Jpa和Thymeleaf

JPA是Java Persistence API的简称,中文名Java持久层API,是JDK 5.0注解或XML描述对象-关系表的映射关系,并将运行期的实体对象持久化到数据库中。
JPA展示如何将Plain Oriented Java Object(POJO)定义为entity,以及如何管理entity之间的关系。
Thymeleaf is a Java library. It is an XML/XHTML/HTML5 template engine able to apply a set of transformations to template files in order to display data and/or text produced by your applications.
简单说, Thymeleaf 是一个跟 Velocity、FreeMarker 类似的模板引擎,它可以完全替代 JSP

1、配置

pom.xml

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>

application.properties
spring.datasource.driverClassName=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@10.xx.xx.37:1521:xe
spring.datasource.username=orcl
spring.datasource.password=orcl

#模板编码 
spring.thymeleaf.mode=LEGACYHTML5
#关闭thymeleaf缓存 开发时使用 否则没有实时画面
spring.thymeleaf.cache=false

如果配置LEGACYHTML5,则需要引入nekohtml
本次代码没有application.properties配置

<dependency>
	<groupId>net.sourceforge.nekohtml</groupId>
	<artifactId>nekohtml</artifactId>
</dependency>

MvcConfig.java定义CSS资源映射

@Configuration
public class MvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer{
    /**
     * 自定义资源映射
     * addResoureHandler指的是对外暴露的访问路径
     * addResourceLocations指的是文件放置的目录
     */
    public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
    	registry.addResourceHandler("/css/**").addResourceLocations("classpath:/css/");
    }
    
	/**
     * 解决ie responsebody返回json的时候提示下载问题
     * 
     * @return
     */
    public MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter customJackson2HttpMessageConverter() {
        MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter jsonConverter = new MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter();
        List<MediaType> supportedMediaTypes = new ArrayList<MediaType>();
        MediaType media = new MediaType(MediaType.TEXT_HTML, Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
        supportedMediaTypes.add(media);
        jsonConverter.setSupportedMediaTypes(supportedMediaTypes);
        return jsonConverter;
    }

//    @Override
//    public void configureMessageConverters(List> converters) {
//        converters.add(customJackson2HttpMessageConverter());
//    }
}

2、业务模拟

JpaUser.java

//实体类,利用对象关系映射生成数据库表
@Entity
@Table(name = "user_info")
public class JpaUser {
    //javax.persistence.Id
	@Id//如果引入org.springframework.data.annotation.Id,则启动报错
    @GeneratedValue(strategy =GenerationType.SEQUENCE,generator="userid")
    @SequenceGenerator(name="userid", sequenceName="SEQ_USER_INFO",allocationSize=1)
    //sequenceName 是在oracle中创建的序列。allocationSize要指定为1,否则它会按照默认50个数字增长。
    private Integer id;

    private String name;
    private String username;
    private String password;
	private String salt;
	private String state;

    set,get...
}

JpaUserRepository.java

package com.test.demo.jpa;

import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
import com.test.demo.model.JpaUser;

/**
 * 该接口会自动被实现,springdata默认实现了基本的增删改查 CRUD --> Create, Read, Update, Delete
 *
 * 1:Repository:最顶层的接口,是一个空的接口,目的是为了统一所有Repository的类型,且能让组件扫描的时候自动识别。
 * 2:CrudRepository :是Repository的子接口,提供CRUD的功能
 * 3:PagingAndSortingRepository:是CrudRepository的子接口,添加分页和排序的功能
 * 4:JpaRepository:是PagingAndSortingRepository的子接口,增加了一些实用的功能,比如:批量操作等。
 * 5:JpaSpecificationExecutor:用来做负责查询的接口 
 * 6:Specification:是Spring Data JPA提供的查询规范,要做复杂的查询,只需围绕这个规范来设置查询条件即可
 */
public interface JpaUserRepository extends CrudRepository<JpaUser, Long> {
}

JpaController.java

@Controller
public class JpaController {
	@Autowired
	// 自动从spring容器中加载userRepository
	private JpaUserRepository userRepository;
	@Resource
	private PageModel pagemodel;

	//@GetMapping是组合注解,是@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)的缩写
	@GetMapping(path = "/jpa/add")
	public String addNewUser(@RequestParam String name,
			@RequestParam String username, @RequestParam String password) {
		// @RequestParam 表示接收的参数可以是get或post
		JpaUser user = new JpaUser();
		user.setName(name);
		user.setUsername(username);
		user.setPassword(password);
		userRepository.save(user);
		
		//重定向到 根目录index
		return "redirect:/index";
	}

	@GetMapping(path = "/jpa/all")
	public @ResponseBody Iterable<JpaUser> getAllUsers() {
		// @ResponseBody 表示返回的string是一个回应(response),不是一个视图
		// 返回一个json类型的user
		return userRepository.findAll();
	}
	
	@RequestMapping({"/","/index"})
    public String index(Model model, @RequestParam(value="pageNum",required=false) String pageNum){
    	if(pageNum==null){
            pageNum="1";
        }
        int pagenum=Integer.parseInt(pageNum);
        pagemodel.setPageNum(pagenum);
        pagemodel.setTotalPages(2);

		Iterable<JpaUser> users=userRepository.findAll();
    	
    	model.addAttribute("users", users);
    	model.addAttribute("pagemodel",pagemodel);

        return"/index";
    }
}

PageModel.java

@Component
public class PageModel {
	int pageNum;
	int totalPages;	
	
	set,get...
}

3、测试

add执行后跳转index网页,add录入内容http://cos6743:8081/jpa/add?name=test&username=test001&password=test123
all录入内容http://cos6743:8081/jpa/all
Spring Boot中引入Jpa和Thymeleaf_第1张图片
Spring Boot中引入Jpa和Thymeleaf_第2张图片
静态文件路径
Spring Boot中引入Jpa和Thymeleaf_第3张图片
index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8"/>
    <title>用户列表-userList</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" th:href="@{css/bootstrap.css}" />
</head>
<body class="container">
<br/>
<h1>用户列表</h1>
<br/><br/>
<div class="with:80%">
    <table class="table table-hover">
        <thead>
        <tr>
            <th>#</th>
            <th>账号</th>
            <th>昵称</th>
            <th>状态</th>
            <th>密码</th>
            <th>Edit</th>
            <th>Delete</th>
        </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
        <!--从controler层model set的对象,获取相关的内容;-->
        <!--如果没有显示设置状态变量,thymeleaf会默认给个“变量名+Stat"的状态变量-->
		<!--userStat是状态变量,有 index,count,size,current,even,odd,first,last等属性-->
        <tr th:each="user,itemStat:${users}">
            <th scope="row" th:text="${itemStat.count}">1</th>
            <td th:text="${user.username}">neo</td>
            <td th:text="${user.name}">neo</td>
            <td th:text="${user.state}">6</td>
            <td th:text="${user.password}">Otto</td>
            <td><a th:href="@{/userInfo/edit(id=${user.id})}">edit</a></td>
            <td><a th:href="@{/delete(id=${user.id})}">delete</a></td>
        </tr>
        </tbody>
    </table>    
  <table class="table table-hover;with:50%" >
  <tr>
  <td><a th:href="@{/userInfo/page?pageNum=0}">首页</a></td>
    <td th:switch="${pagemodel.pageNum}">
      <p th:case="1"> <a th:href="@{/userInfo/page?pageNum=1}">上一页</a></p>
      <p th:case="*"><a th:href="@{/userInfo/page(pageNum=${pagemodel.pageNum-1})}">上一页</a></p>
    </td>
     <td th:switch="${pagemodel.pageNum}">
       <p th:case="${pagemodel.totalPages}"><a th:href="@{/userInfo/page(pageNum=${pagemodel.totalPages})}">下一页</a></p>
       <p th:case="*"><a th:href="@{/userInfo/page(pageNum=${pagemodel.pageNum+1})}">下一页</a></p>
     </td>
     <td><a th:href="@{/userInfo/page(pageNum=${pagemodel.totalPages})}">尾页</a></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
    <div class="col-sm-2 control-label">
        <a href="/userInfo/userAdd" th:href="@{/userInfo/userAdd}" class="btn btn-info">add</a>
    </div>
</div>

</body>
</html>

备注:thymeleaf模板
在spring-boot下,默认约定Controller跳转thymeleaf模板文件的前缀prefix是"classpath:/templates/",后缀suffix是".html"
也可以在application.properties配置文件修改,如下:

spring.thymeleaf.prefix: /templates/  
spring.thymeleaf.suffix: .html 

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