一种规范,并非ORM框架,也就是ORM上统一的规范
用了之后可以做什么,为什么要用?如下代码解释
实体类
package com.example.springredis.entity;
import lombok.Data;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import java.io.Serializable;
@Entity
@Data
public class User implements Serializable {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
private Long id;
private String name;
private String account;
private String pwd;
}
dao层
@Repository
public interface UserDao extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {
}
测试类
@Autowired
private UserDao userDao;
public void findAllTest() {
System.out.println(userDao.findAll().toString());
}
上面的操作已经完成了一个查询全部,相信不用在做多余的解释了
JPA优点:主要就是简单易用,集成方便,可以不用写SQL语句
国外依赖下载慢,更换阿里源
<project xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parentartifactId>
<version>2.3.0.RELEASEversion>
<relativePath/>
parent>
<groupId>com.examplegroupId>
<artifactId>springboot-jpaartifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOTversion>
<name>springboot-jpaname>
<description>Demo project for Spring Bootdescription>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8java.version>
properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpaartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.h2databasegroupId>
<artifactId>h2artifactId>
<scope>runtimescope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombokgroupId>
<artifactId>lombokartifactId>
<optional>trueoptional>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-testartifactId>
<scope>testscope>
dependency>
dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>
plugin>
plugins>
build>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>aliyunid>
<name>aliyunname>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/publicurl>
<releases>
<enabled>trueenabled>
releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>falseenabled>
snapshots>
repository>
<repository>
<id>spring-milestonesid>
<name>Spring Milestonesname>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/springurl>
<releases>
<enabled>trueenabled>
releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>falseenabled>
snapshots>
repository>
repositories>
project>
package com.example.demo.model;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@Entity(name = "sys_user")
public class SysUser {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
private Long id;
private String email;
private String username;
private String password;
public SysUser(String email, String username, String password) {
this.email = email;
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
}
}
**SysUser**
类, @NoArgsConstructor
默认构造函数仅为JPA而存在。@Entity
注解,表示这个是一个 JPA 的实体,如果在类上没有加 @Table
注解,表明该实体将映射到名为 sys_user
的表,如果要加上,可以在其 name 属性里写入表名,如: @Table(name = "t_user")
id
属性使用 @Id
注释,以便JPA将其识别为对象的ID.这里很简单,直接继承核心接口JpaRepository
package com.example.demo.repository;
import com.example.demo.model.SysUser;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
@Repository
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<SysUser, Long> {
}
修改application.properties 为 application.yml
src/main/resources/application.yml
spring:
datasource:
driverClassName: org.h2.Driver
password: root
url: jdbc:h2:mem:demodb:file:data/demo
username: root
jpa:
open-in-view: true
database-platform: org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect
# spring.jpa.show-sql=true 配置在日志中打印出执行的 SQL 语句信息。
show-sql: true
# 配置指明在程序启动的时候要删除并且创建实体类对应的表。
# create 这个参数很危险,因为他会把对应的表删除掉然后重建。所以千万不要在生成环境中使用。只有在测试环境中,一开始初始化数据库结构的时候才能使用一次。
# ddl-auto:create----每次运行该程序,没有表格会新建表格,表内有数据会清空
# ddl-auto:create-drop----每次程序结束的时候会清空表
# ddl-auto:update----每次运行程序,没有表格会新建表格,表内有数据不会清空,只会更新(推荐)
# ddl-auto:validate----运行程序会校验数据与数据库的字段类型是否相同,不同会报错
hibernate.ddl-auto: update
在resources 文件夹下新建 data.sql
data.sql
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS sys_user;
CREATE TABLE sys_user
(
id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
email VARCHAR(250) DEFAULT NULL,
username VARCHAR(250) NOT NULL,
password VARCHAR(250) NOT NULL
);
package com.example.demo;
import com.example.demo.model.SysUser;
import com.example.demo.repository.UserRepository;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
@Slf4j
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringbootJpaApplicationTests {
@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;
@Before
public void add() {
userRepository.save(new SysUser("[email protected]", "root", "root"));
}
@Test
public void contextLoads() {
System.out.println(userRepository.findAll().toString());
}
//修改操作
@After
public void update() {
// ifPresent 如果存在值,则使用值调用指定的使用者,否则不执行任何操作。
userRepository.findById(1L).ifPresent(user -> {
user.setUsername("马华云腾");
userRepository.save(user);
System.out.println(user.toString());
});
}
//删除
@After
public void del() {
userRepository.findById(2L).ifPresent(user -> userRepository.delete(user));
}
}
如果出现下列等错误:
Error:(41, 13) java: 找不到符号
符号: 方法 setName(java.lang.String)
位置: 类型为com.example.springbootjpademo.entity.User的变量 user
请注意下面的设置是否正确:
### 新增1
POST http://localhost:8080/user/add
Content-Type: application/json
{
"email": "[email protected]",
"username": "root",
"password": "root"
}
### 新增2
POST http://localhost:8080/user/add
Content-Type: application/json
{
"email": "[email protected]",
"username": "ekko",
"password": "ekko"
}
### 修改
PUT http://localhost:8080/user/update
Content-Type: application/json
{
"id": 1,
"email": "[email protected]",
"username": "root",
"password": "root"
}
### 获取所有
GET http://localhost:8080/user/all
Accept: */*
Cache-Control: no-cache
### 删除
PUT http://localhost:8080/user/del/2
### 获取所有
GET http://localhost:8080/user/all
Accept: */*
Cache-Control: no-cache
https://github.com/Gleans/spring-boot/tree/master/springboot-jpa