SSM整合——Spring+SpringMVC+MyBatis整合
文章目录
- 1. 数据库环境
- 2. 项目基本结构搭建
- 3. 配置MyBatis
- 4. 配置Spring
- 5. 配置SpringMVC
- 6. Controller和视图层编写
- 7. 配置Tomcat，进行测试
SSM（Spring+SpringMVC+MyBatis）框架集由Spring、MyBatis两个开源框架整合而成（SpringMVC是Spring中的部分内容），常作为数据源较简单的web项目的框架。
环境：
- IDEA
- MySQL 5.7.19
- Tomcat 9
- Maven 3.6
要求：
需要熟练掌握MySQL数据库，Spring，JavaWeb及MyBatis知识，简单的前端知识
1. 数据库环境
创建一个存放书籍数据的数据库表
CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;
USE `ssmbuild`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;
CREATE TABLE `books` (
`bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
`bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
`detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
INSERT INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES
(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');
2. 项目基本结构搭建
1、新建一Maven项目，命名为 ssmbuild
2、在pom.xml文件中导入相关的pom依赖
<dependencies>
<!--Junit-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
</dependency>
<!--数据库驱动-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.47</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--Servlet - JSP -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--Mybatis-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>2.0.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- lombok -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.10</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
3、同时在pom.xml文件中的依赖底下添加Maven资源过滤设置
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties
**/ *.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties
**/ *.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
4、建立基本结构和配置框架
（1）在java包下创建如下目录层级：
- com.zz.pojo 实体层
- com.zz.mapper 接口层
- com.zz.service 服务层
- com.zz.controller 控制层
（2）在resources包下创建如下配置文件：
- mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
</configuration>
- applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
</beans>
- springmvc-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
</beans>
3. 配置MyBatis
1、在resources目录下创建数据库配置文件 database.properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456
2、 IDEA关联数据库
3、编写MyBatis的核心配置文件 mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!--设置,可根据需要配置日志-->
<!--<settings>-->
<!--<setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>-->
<!--</settings>-->
<!--别名-->
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.zz.pojo"/>
</typeAliases>
</configuration>
4、编写数据库对应的实体类 com.zz.pojo.Books
使用lombok插件
package com.zz.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Books {
private int bookID;
private String bookName;
private int bookCounts;
private String detail;
}
5、编写接口层的接口 com.zz.mapper.BookMapper
package com.zz.mapper;
import com.zz.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookMapper {
//增加一个Book
int addBook(Books book);
//根据id删除一个Book
int deleteBookById(int id);
//更新Book
int updateBook(Books books);
//根据id查询,返回一个Book
Books queryBookById(int id);
//查询全部Book,返回list集合
List<Books> queryAllBook();
// 根据书名查询数据
Books queryBooksByName(String bookName);
}
6、编写接口对应的配置文件 com.zz.mapper.BookMapper.xml
需要导入MyBatis的包
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zz.mapper.BookMapper">
<!--增加一个Book-->
<insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
insert into ssmbuild.books(bookName,bookCounts,detail)
values (#{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{detail})
</insert>
<!--根据id删除一个Book-->
<delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">
delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID=#{bookID}
</delete>
<!--更新Book-->
<update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">
update ssmbuild.books
set bookName = #{bookName},bookCounts = #{bookCounts},detail = #{detail}
where bookID = #{bookID}
</update>
<!--根据id查询,返回一个Book-->
<select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books">
select * from ssmbuild.books
where bookID = #{bookID}
</select>
<!--查询全部Book-->
<select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">
SELECT * from ssmbuild.books
</select>
<!--根据书名查询数据-->
<select id="queryBooksByName" resultType="Books">
select * from ssmbuild.books where bookName = #{bookName}
</select>
</mapper>
7、编写Service层的接口 com.zz.service.BookService
package com.zz.service;
import com.zz.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
//BookService:底下需要去实现,调用dao层
public interface BookService {
//增加一个Book
int addBook(Books book);
//根据id删除一个Book
int deleteBookById(int id);
//更新Book
int updateBook(Books books);
//根据id查询,返回一个Book
Books queryBookById(int id);
//查询全部Book,返回list集合
List<Books> queryAllBook();
// 根据书名查询数据
Books queryBooksByName(String bookName);
}
8、编写Service层的实现类 com.zz.service.BookServiceImpl
package com.zz.service;
import com.zz.mapper.BookMapper;
import com.zz.pojo.Books;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;
// mvc
// @Service
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
//调用dao层的操作，设置一个set接口，方便Spring管理
// @Autowired
private BookMapper bookMapper;
public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
}
public int addBook(Books book) {
return bookMapper.addBook(book);
}
public int deleteBookById(int id) {
return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);
}
public int updateBook(Books books) {
return bookMapper.updateBook(books);
}
public Books queryBookById(int id) {
return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
}
public List<Books> queryAllBook() {
return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
}
public Books queryBooksByName(String bookName) {
return bookMapper.queryBooksByName(bookName);
}
}
OK，至此，底层需求操作编写完毕！
4. 配置Spring
1、配置Spring整合MyBatis，我们这里数据源使用c3p0连接池；
2、我们去编写Spring整合Mybatis和整合service层相关的配置文件； applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<import resource="classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml"/>
<!-- 配置整合mybatis -->
<!-- 1.关联数据库文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>
<!-- 2.数据库连接池 -->
<!--数据库连接池
dbcp 半自动化操作 不能自动连接
c3p0 自动化操作（自动的加载配置文件 并且设置到对象里面）
spring-jdbc
-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<!-- 配置连接池属性 -->
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
<!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 -->
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
<property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
<!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit -->
<property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
<!-- 获取连接超时时间 -->
<property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
<!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 -->
<property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
</bean>
<!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!-- 配置MyBatis全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml -->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/zz/mapper/*.xml"/>
</bean>
<!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包，动态实现Dao接口注入到spring容器中 -->
<!--解释 ： https://www.cnblogs.com/jpfss/p/7799806.html-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
<!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->
<property name="basePackage" value="com.zz.mapper"/>
</bean>
<!-- 以下是整合Service -->
<!-- 绑定并扫描Service，增加事务的支持 -->
<!-- 扫描service相关的bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zz.service" />
<!--BookServiceImpl注入到IOC容器中-->
<bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.zz.service.BookServiceImpl">
<property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
</beans>
至此，Spring层搞定！可以看出，Spring就是一个大杂烩，一个容器！
5. 配置SpringMVC
给项目添加web框架的支持，从一个Spring项目变成一个web项目
1、web.xml 文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!--DispatcherServlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!--encodingFilter-->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>
org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*
2、springmvc-servlet.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 配置SpringMVC -->
<!-- 1.开启SpringMVC注解驱动 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 2.静态资源默认servlet配置-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
<!-- 4.扫描web相关的bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zz.controller" />
</beans>
注意：若此时发现applicationContext.xml文件中bookMapper处报红，则检查以下之处，保证根目录只有一个，删除底下那个即可！
3、Spring配置整合文件，在applicationContext.xml中导入springmvc-servlet.xml配置文件
<!--引入springmvc-servlet.xml，因为web.xml中关联的是applicationContext.xml-->
<import resource="classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml"/>
至此，配置文件暂时结束！
此时的项目目录：
6. Controller和视图层编写
方法一：查询全部书籍
1、BookController 类编写 com.zz.controller.BookController
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
@Autowired
@Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")
private BookService bookService;
@RequestMapping("/allBook")
public String list(Model model) {
List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();
model.addAttribute("list", list);
return "allBook";
}
}
2、编写首页 index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<title>首页</title>
<style type="text/css">
a {
text-decoration: none;
color: black;
font-size: 18px;
}
h3 {
width: 180px;
height: 38px;
margin: 100px auto;
text-align: center;
line-height: 38px;
background: deepskyblue;
border-radius: 4px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">点击进入列表页</a>
</h3>
</body>
</html>
3、书籍列表页面 WEB-INF.jsp.allbook.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>书籍列表</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4 column">
<a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a>
<a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">显示全部书籍</a>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4 column">
<span style="color: red;font-weight: bold">${error}</span>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4 column">
<form action="/book/queryBook" method="post" class="form-inline">
<input type="text" name="queryBookName" class="form-control" placeholder="请输入要查询的书名" required>
<input type="submit" value="查询" class="btn btn-success">
</form>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<table class="table table-hover table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>书籍编号</th>
<th>书籍名字</th>
<th>书籍数量</th>
<th>书籍详情</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('list')}">
<tr>
<td>${book.getBookID()}</td>
<td>${book.getBookName()}</td>
<td>${book.getBookCounts()}</td>
<td>${book.getDetail()}</td>
<td>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.getBookID()}">更改</a> |
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.getBookID()}">删除</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
方法二：添加书籍
4、BookController 类编写
//先跳转到添加书籍页面，再添加书籍跳转到首页
@RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
public String toAddPaper() {
return "addBook";
}
@RequestMapping("/addBook")
public String addPaper(Books books) {
System.out.println(books);
bookService.addBook(books);
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
5、添加书籍页面： WEB-INF.jsp.addBook.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>新增书籍</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>新增书籍</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post">
书籍名称：<input type="text" name="bookName"><br><br><br>
书籍数量：<input type="text" name="bookCounts"><br><br><br>
书籍详情：<input type="text" name="detail"><br><br><br>
<input type="submit" value="添加">
</form>
</div>
方法三：修改书籍
6、BookController 类编写
@RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook")
public String toUpdateBook(Model model, int id) {
Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id);
System.out.println(books);
model.addAttribute("book",books );
return "updateBook";
}
@RequestMapping("/updateBook")
public String updateBook(Model model, Books book) {
System.out.println(book);
bookService.updateBook(book);
Books books = bookService.queryBookById(book.getBookID());
model.addAttribute("books", books);
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
7、修改书籍页面 WEB-INF.jsp.updateBook.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>修改信息</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>修改信息</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${book.getBookID()}"/>
书籍名称：<input type="text" name="bookName" value="${book.getBookName()}"/>
书籍数量：<input type="text" name="bookCounts" value="${book.getBookCounts()}"/>
书籍详情：<input type="text" name="detail" value="${book.getDetail() }"/>
<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
</div>
方法四：删除书籍
8、BookController 类编写
// 路径变量，restfulAPI 风格
// 路径变量的请求格式： 直接使用 {} 获取参数
// 如何让参数识别这个请求中的位置，@PathVariable("bookId") 绑定请求过来的变量
@RequestMapping("/del/{bookId}")
public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookId") int id) {
bookService.deleteBookById(id);
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
方法五：根据书名查询书籍
9、BookController 类编写
// 查询书籍 前端--> 接收请求---> service--> mapper ---> 操作数据库
@RequestMapping("/queryBook")
public String queryBook(String queryBookName,Model model){
System.out.println("要查询的数据名称为："+queryBookName);
// 查询的业务逻辑
Books books = bookService.queryBooksByName(queryBookName.trim());
List<Books> list = new ArrayList<Books>();
list.add(books);
if (books==null){
list = bookService.queryAllBook();
model.addAttribute("error","没有找到这本书");
}
model.addAttribute("list", list);
return "allBook";
}
删除和查询书籍都是在allBook的页面执行，因此不用重新写对应视图页面。
到目前为止，这个SSM项目整合已经完全OK了，可以直接运行进行测试！
整个项目的全部目录：
7. 配置Tomcat，进行测试
注意：在测试之前，要在输出目录下创建lib包，导入整个项目的所有jar包
测试结果：
（在测试之前，在原数据库中手动新增了Python这本书，现在一共有4本书籍）
首页
书籍列表页
新增书籍
书籍列表新增了刚添加的C语言这本书
同时刷新后端数据库的books表，也添加了这本书籍
查询书籍
如果查询书籍列表中没有的书，如JavaMVC
结果显示 没有找到这本书
其余的删除，修改操作均可实现，在此就不一 一演示！