Ubuntu16.04 ftp服务器安装+配置

ftp服务器安装与配置

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1. ftp服务端的安装

如果之前配置过ftp服务器的还是之后配置的服务器，无法启动服务，那么基本是配置出现了错误，那么可先完全卸载后再进行安装。如果无法定位多半是镜像源的问题，请更换阿里源。

sudo apt-get update 
sudo apt-get install vsftpd
vsftpd --version     //检测是否安装

2. ftp服务端的配置

 vim /etc/vsftpd.conf    //编辑配置文件

修改vsftpd.conf文件如下：

listen=NO                 //是否开启监听ipv4和ipv6数据      
listen_ipv6=YES          //是否开启监听ipv6数据

# Allow anonymous FTP? (Disabled by default).
anonymous_enable=NO      //是否允许匿名登陆，无需密码

# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
local_enable=YES        //是否允许本地用户登录

# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES        //是否允许登陆者上传文件

# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022         //设置本地用户默认要减免的权限

# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES       //目录消息，能够给远程登陆的用户发送目录
#
# If enabled, vsftpd will display directory listings with the time
# in  your  local  time  zone.  The default is to display GMT. The
# times returned by the MDTM FTP command are also affected by this
# option.
use_localtime=YES           //服务器所展示的目录将随着本地时间而改变
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES          //开启上传下载的日志记录
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES    //确认连接传输的端口号为20

# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log    //日志文件存放位置
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
xferlog_std_format=YES          //日志文件采用标准格式


# You may fully customise the login banner string:
ftpd_banner=Welcome to FTP service.  //在使用shell时登陆那么会发送欢迎语


# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
# (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
# chroot)
chroot_local_user=YES        //对本地用户是否实施限制
chroot_list_enable=YES       //开启限制白名单
# (default follows)         
chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list        //白名单路径，若无这个文件需要自己创建

# This option should be the name of a directory which is empty.  Also, the
# directory should not be writable by the ftp user. This directory is used
# as a secure chroot() jail at times vsftpd does not require filesystem
# access.
secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd/empty
#
# This string is the name of the PAM service vsftpd will use.
# pam_service_name=vsftpd
pam_service_name=ftp            //此处ubuntu的系统需要改为ftp

# This option specifies the location of the RSA certificate to use for SSL
# encrypted connections.
rsa_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
rsa_private_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key
ssl_enable=NO                 

#
# Uncomment this to indicate that vsftpd use a utf8 filesystem.
utf8_filesystem=YES       //编码统一为utf8编码，可以识别中文，防止乱码

 3. vftpd配置完成

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添加设置ftpuser用户和访问目录

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 1. 创建ftp用户组和用户

sudo groupadd ftpusers //创建ftpusers用户组
sudo useradd -m ftpuser_lxr//创建一个用户并且自动创建家目录为/home/ftpuser_lxr
（第二种方式：mkdir /home/ftpuser_lxr //先创建家目录sudo userad -d /home/ftpuser_lxr ftpuser_lxr //绑定这个家目录)
usermod -G ftpusers ftpuser_lxr //将这个新用户加入到ftpusers用户组中
sudo passwd ftpuser_lxr   //更改密码
mkdir /home/ftpuser_lxr/ftp  //为用户添加一个具有一定权限的文件夹
chmod 777 -R /home/ftpuser_lxr/ftp //新建一个pub目录用于存放文件，并且赋予全部权限
usermod -s /sbin/nologin username  //限制用户登录方式；限制用户username只能通过ftp登陆，而不能直接登陆服务器

2.将该用户加入vsftpd.chroot_list白名单中

mkdir /etc/vsftpd.chroot_list
vim vsftpd.chroot_list

该文件内容如下：

#白名单
ftpuser_lxr

3.开启并重启vsftpd的服务

systemctl start vsftpd或者service vsftpd start
systemctl restart vsftpd或者service vsftpd restart

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测试

方法一：

打开浏览器，在地址栏输入：ftp://ip_addresss

方法二：

 在ubuntu中使用shell输入：ftp ip_address

方法三：

 在windows中在文件管理器地址栏输入：ftp://ip_addresss，该方式可以上传下载文件

方法四:

 在windows中使用cmd输入：ftp://ip_addresss //显示连接成功