GreenDao3.2.2集成使用以及数据库的升级

                                  GreenDao3.2.2集成使用以及数据库的升级

一概念
     是一个将对象映射到 SQLite 数据库中的轻量且快速的 ORM 解决方案。
                                                     
二优点:
     一个精简的库;性能最大化;内存开销最小化;易于使用的 APIs;对 Android 进行高度优化。
三集成
    1在app的build.gradle  红色的是要添加的
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
apply plugin: 'org.greenrobot.greendao' // apply plugin
android {
       //初始化greendao基本信息
    greendao{
        schemaVersion 1
        daoPackage 'com.admom.mygreendaotest.gen'
        targetGenDir 'src/main/java'
    }
//schemaVersion: 数据库schema版本,也可以理解为数据库版本号
//daoPackage:设置DaoMaster、DaoSession、Dao包名
//targetGenDir:设置DaoMaster、DaoSession、Dao目录
//targetGenDirTest:设置生成单元测试目录
//generateTests:设置自动生成单元测试用例

}

dependencies {
    compile fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
    androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2', {
        exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations'
    })
    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:25.3.1'
    compile 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.0.2'
    testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
    compile 'org.greenrobot:greendao:3.2.2'
}
    2在工程的build.gradle里添加如下代码
buildscript {
    repositories {
        jcenter()
        mavenCentral() // add repository
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:2.3.2'
        classpath 'org.greenrobot:greendao-gradle-plugin:3.2.2' // add plugin
        // NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
        // in the individual module build.gradle files
    }
}
   3根据
greendao{
        schemaVersion 1
        daoPackage 'com.example.wbxu.gen'
        targetGenDir 'src/main/java'
    }
的配置  在src/java/ com.example.wbxu   这个包的下边创建gen用于存放DaoMaster DaoSession  Dao【操作表的根据bean生成的】,
    4创建实体类bean
  
@Entity
public class Fruit {
    @Id(autoincrement = true)   //设置主键自增长
    private Long id;   //自增id必须为long类型的
    private String Name;  //名字
    @NotNull
    private int Count; //个数
}


然后点击Build  Make Project   就会在gen文件夹里生成DaoMaster  DaoSession   对应实体【对应表的Dao】
    5编写DaoManager创建数据库、创建数据库表、包含增删改查的操作
   
public class DaoManager {
    private static final String TAG = DaoManager.class.getSimpleName();
    //创建数据库的名字
    private static final String DB_NAME = "MyGreenDb.db";
    //初始化上下文
    private Context context;
    //多线程中要被共享的使用volatile关键字修饰  GreenDao管理类
    private volatile static DaoManager mInstance;
    //它里边实际上是保存数据库的对象
    private static DaoMaster mDaoMaster;
    //创建数据库的工具
    private static DaoMaster.DevOpenHelper mHelper;
    //管理gen里生成的所有的Dao对象里边带有基本的增删改查的方法
    private static DaoSession mDaoSession;

    /**
     * 单例模式获得操作数据库对象
     * @return
     */
    public static DaoManager getInstance(){
        if(mInstance==null){
            synchronized (DaoManager.class){
                if(mInstance==null){
                    mInstance=new DaoManager();
                }
            }
        }
        return mInstance;
    }
    /**
     *   初始化上下文创建数据库的时候使用
     */
    public void init(Context context){
        this.context = context;
    }

    /**
     * 判断是否有存在数据库,如果没有则创建
     * @return
     */
    public DaoMaster getDaoMaster(){
        if(mDaoMaster == null) {
            mHelper = new DaoMaster.DevOpenHelper(context, DB_NAME, null);
            mDaoMaster = new DaoMaster(mHelper.getWritableDatabase());
        }
        return mDaoMaster;
    }

    /**
     * 完成对数据库的添加、删除、修改、查询操作,
     * @return
     */
    public DaoSession getDaoSession(){
        if(mDaoSession == null){
            if(mDaoMaster == null){
                mDaoMaster = getDaoMaster();
            }
            mDaoSession = mDaoMaster.newSession();
        }
        return mDaoSession;
    }

    /**
     * 关闭所有的操作,数据库开启后,使用完毕要关闭
     */
    public void closeConnection(){
        closeHelper();
        closeDaoSession();
    }

    public void closeHelper(){
        if(mHelper != null){
            mHelper.close();
            mHelper = null;
        }
    }

    public void closeDaoSession(){
        if(mDaoSession != null){
            mDaoSession.clear();
            mDaoSession = null;
        }
    }
}
     6编写对应表的工具类  实现操作该表的方法
    
public class FruitDaoUtil {
    private DaoManager mManager;
    private String TAG="flag";
    //操作Fruit的构造函数
    public FruitDaoUtil(Context context) {
        mManager = DaoManager.getInstance();
        mManager.init(context);
    }
    /**
     * 完成fruit记录的插入,如果表未创建,先创建fruit表
     *
     * @param fruit
     * @return  返回long值 -1为失败
     */
    public boolean insertFruit(Fruit fruit) {
        boolean flag = false;
        flag = mManager.getDaoSession().getFruitDao().insertOrReplace(fruit) == -1 ? false : true;
        Log.i(TAG, "-------插入一条的结果为"+flag);
        return flag;
    }

    /**
     * 插入多条数据,在子线程操作
     * @return
     */
    public boolean insertListFruit(final List mList) {
        boolean flag = false;
        try {
            mManager.getDaoSession().runInTx(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    for (Fruit fruit : mList) {
                        mManager.getDaoSession().insertOrReplace(fruit);
                    }
                }
            });
            flag = true;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return flag;
    }

    /**
     *   刷新指定数据
     */
    public boolean reFreshFruit(Fruit fruit){
        boolean flag = false;
        mManager.getDaoSession().refresh(fruit);
        return flag;
    }
    /**
     * 修改一条数据
     * @return
     */
    public boolean updateFruit(Fruit fruit){
        boolean flag = false;
        try {
            mManager.getDaoSession().update(fruit);
            flag = true;
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return flag;
    }

    /**
     * 删除单条记录
     * @return
     */
    public boolean deleteFruit(Fruit fruit){
        boolean flag = false;
        try {
            mManager.getDaoSession().delete(fruit);
            flag = true;
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return flag;
    }

    /**
     * 删除所有记录
     * @return
     */
    public boolean deleteAll(){
        boolean flag = false;
        try {
            mManager.getDaoSession().deleteAll(Fruit.class);
            flag = true;
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return flag;
    }

    /**
     * 查询所有记录
     * @return
     */
    public List queryAllFruit(){
        return mManager.getDaoSession().loadAll(Fruit.class);
    }

    /**
     * 根据主键id查询记录
     * @param key
     * @return
     */
    public Fruit queryFruitById(long key){
        return mManager.getDaoSession().load(Fruit.class, key);
    }

    /**
     * 使用 sql语句进行查询操作
     *  参数一sql语句  参数二查询条件限定
     */
    public List queryFruitBySql(String sql, String[] conditions){
        return mManager.getDaoSession().queryRaw(Fruit.class, sql, conditions);
    }

    /**
     * 使用queryBuilder进行查询
     * @return
     */
    public List queryFruitByQueryBuilder(long id){
        QueryBuilder queryBuilder = mManager.getDaoSession().queryBuilder(Fruit.class);
        return queryBuilder.where(FruitDao.Properties.Id.eq(id)).list();
    }
}
       7测试MainActivity的测试按钮点击事件如下
    
public void onClick(View view) {
        switch (view.getId()) {
            case R.id.insertsingle:  //插入单个的
                mFruitDaoUtil.insertFruit(new Fruit(1L,"苹果1",1));
                break;
            case R.id.multinsert:  //插入多个的
                List list=new ArrayList();
                for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                    list.add(new Fruit(Long.parseLong(i+""),"桃子"+i,i));
                }
                mFruitDaoUtil.insertListFruit(list);
                break;
            case R.id.refresh:  //刷新单个的
                mFruitDaoUtil.reFreshFruit(new Fruit(1L,"苹果1",10));
                break;
            case R.id.update:  //更新单个的
                mFruitDaoUtil.reFreshFruit(new Fruit(1L,"苹果1",20));
                break;
            case R.id.deletesingle:  //删除单个的
                mFruitDaoUtil.deleteFruit(new Fruit(4L,"苹果1",20));
                break;
            case R.id.deleteMult:  //删除全部
                mFruitDaoUtil.deleteAll();
                break;
            case R.id.checksingle:  //按主键查询一个
              Fruit f=  mFruitDaoUtil.queryFruitById(1L);
                Log.d("flag","---------按条件查询的结果为"+f.getName()+"-----"+f.getId());
                break;
            case R.id.checkmult:  //按条件查询
              List l=  mFruitDaoUtil.queryFruitBySql("Name,Count",new String[]{"苹果1","1"});
                for (int i = 0; i  List  =mFruitDaoUtil.queryFruitByQueryBuilder(1L);
                for (int i = 0; i 
  四常用的注解解释:
  @Entity                 实体注解
@NotNull              设置表中的当前列的值不为空
@Convert             制定自定义类型
@Generated        GreenDao运行所产生的构造函数或者方法,被此标注的代码可以更新或者下次运行时清除
@Id                       主键Long型,可以通过@Id(autoincrement = true)设置自增长,通过这个注解标记的字段必 须是long,数据库中表示它就是主键,并且默认为自增长
@Index                 使用@Index作为一个属性累创建一个索引,定义多列索引(@Iink Entity#indexes())
@JoinEntity         定义表连接关系
@JoinProperty    定义名称和引用名称属性关系
@Keep                 注解的代码在GreenDao下运行时保持不变
                                      1.注解实体类:默认禁止修改此类
                                      2.注解其他代码,默认禁止修改注解的代码段
@Order                制定排序
@Property           设置一个非默认关系映射所对应的列名,默认使用的字段名。
                              例:@Property(nameInDb="name")
@ToMany            定义多个实体对应的关系
@ToOne              定义与另一个实体(一个实体对象)的关系
@Transient          添加该标记之后不会生成数据库表的列
@Unique              向数据库列添加一个唯一的约束
  五关于数据库的更新
   原理:首先创建临时表(数据格式和原表一模一样)。
             把当前表的数据插入到临时表中去。
             删除掉原表,创建新表。
             把临时表数据插入到新表中去,然后删除临时表。
  下边贴上国外大神的写的更新数据库的操作类
  
public class MigrationHelper2 {
    public static boolean DEBUG = false;
    private static String TAG = "MigrationHelper2";
    private static final String SQLITE_MASTER = "sqlite_master";
    private static final String SQLITE_TEMP_MASTER = "sqlite_temp_master";

    public static void migrate(SQLiteDatabase db, Class>... daoClasses) {
        printLog("【The Old Database Version】" + db.getVersion());
        Database database = new StandardDatabase(db);
        migrate(database, daoClasses);
    }

    public static void migrate(Database database, Class>... daoClasses) {
        printLog("【Generate temp table】start");
        generateTempTables(database, daoClasses);
        printLog("【Generate temp table】complete");

        dropAllTables(database, true, daoClasses);
        createAllTables(database, false, daoClasses);

        printLog("【Restore data】start");
        restoreData(database, daoClasses);
        printLog("【Restore data】complete");
    }

    private static void generateTempTables(Database db, Class>... daoClasses) {
        for (int i = 0; i < daoClasses.length; i++) {
            String tempTableName = null;

            DaoConfig daoConfig = new DaoConfig(db, daoClasses[i]);
            String tableName = daoConfig.tablename;
            if (!isTableExists(db, false, tableName)) {
                printLog("【New Table】" + tableName);
                continue;
            }
            try {
                tempTableName = daoConfig.tablename.concat("_TEMP");
                StringBuilder dropTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
                dropTableStringBuilder.append("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS ").append(tempTableName).append(";");
                db.execSQL(dropTableStringBuilder.toString());

                StringBuilder insertTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
                insertTableStringBuilder.append("CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE ").append(tempTableName);
                insertTableStringBuilder.append(" AS SELECT * FROM ").append(tableName).append(";");
                db.execSQL(insertTableStringBuilder.toString());
                printLog("【Table】" + tableName +"\n ---Columns-->"+getColumnsStr(daoConfig));
                printLog("【Generate temp table】" + tempTableName);
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "【Failed to generate temp table】" + tempTableName, e);
            }
        }
    }

    private static boolean isTableExists(Database db, boolean isTemp, String tableName) {
        if (db == null || TextUtils.isEmpty(tableName)) {
            return false;
        }
        String dbName = isTemp ? SQLITE_TEMP_MASTER : SQLITE_MASTER;
        String sql = "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM " + dbName + " WHERE type = ? AND name = ?";
        Cursor cursor=null;
        int count = 0;
        try {
            cursor = db.rawQuery(sql, new String[]{"table", tableName});
            if (cursor == null || !cursor.moveToFirst()) {
                return false;
            }
            count = cursor.getInt(0);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (cursor != null)
                cursor.close();
        }
        return count > 0;
    }


    private static String getColumnsStr(DaoConfig daoConfig) {
        if (daoConfig == null) {
            return "no columns";
        }
        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < daoConfig.allColumns.length; i++) {
            builder.append(daoConfig.allColumns[i]);
            builder.append(",");
        }
        if (builder.length() > 0) {
            builder.deleteCharAt(builder.length() - 1);
        }
        return builder.toString();
    }


    private static void dropAllTables(Database db, boolean ifExists, @NonNull Class>... daoClasses) {
        reflectMethod(db, "dropTable", ifExists, daoClasses);
        printLog("【Drop all table】");
    }

    private static void createAllTables(Database db, boolean ifNotExists, @NonNull Class>... daoClasses) {
        reflectMethod(db, "createTable", ifNotExists, daoClasses);
        printLog("【Create all table】");
    }

    /**
     * dao class already define the sql exec method, so just invoke it
     */
    private static void reflectMethod(Database db, String methodName, boolean isExists, @NonNull Class>... daoClasses) {
        if (daoClasses.length < 1) {
            return;
        }
        try {
            for (Class cls : daoClasses) {
                Method method = cls.getDeclaredMethod(methodName, Database.class, boolean.class);
                method.invoke(null, db, isExists);
            }
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private static void restoreData(Database db, Class>... daoClasses) {
        for (int i = 0; i < daoClasses.length; i++) {
            DaoConfig daoConfig = new DaoConfig(db, daoClasses[i]);
            String tableName = daoConfig.tablename;
            String tempTableName = daoConfig.tablename.concat("_TEMP");

            if (!isTableExists(db, true, tempTableName)) {
                continue;
            }

            try {
                // get all columns from tempTable, take careful to use the columns list
                List columns = getColumns(db, tempTableName);
                ArrayList properties = new ArrayList<>(columns.size());
                for (int j = 0; j < daoConfig.properties.length; j++) {
                    String columnName = daoConfig.properties[j].columnName;
                    if (columns.contains(columnName)) {
                        properties.add(columnName);
                    }
                }
                if (properties.size() > 0) {
                    final String columnSQL = TextUtils.join(",", properties);

                    StringBuilder insertTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
                    insertTableStringBuilder.append("INSERT INTO ").append(tableName).append(" (");
                    insertTableStringBuilder.append(columnSQL);
                    insertTableStringBuilder.append(") SELECT ");
                    insertTableStringBuilder.append(columnSQL);
                    insertTableStringBuilder.append(" FROM ").append(tempTableName).append(";");
                    db.execSQL(insertTableStringBuilder.toString());
                    printLog("【Restore data】 to " + tableName);
                }
                StringBuilder dropTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
                dropTableStringBuilder.append("DROP TABLE ").append(tempTableName);
                db.execSQL(dropTableStringBuilder.toString());
                printLog("【Drop temp table】" + tempTableName);
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "【Failed to restore data from temp table 】" + tempTableName, e);
            }
        }
    }

    private static List getColumns(Database db, String tableName) {
        List columns = null;
        Cursor cursor = null;
        try {
            cursor = db.rawQuery("SELECT * FROM " + tableName + " limit 0", null);
            if (null != cursor && cursor.getColumnCount() > 0) {
                columns = Arrays.asList(cursor.getColumnNames());
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (cursor != null)
                cursor.close();
            if (null == columns)
                columns = new ArrayList<>();
        }
        return columns;
    }

    private static void printLog(String info){
        if(DEBUG){
            Log.d(TAG, info);
        }
    }

}
    然后创建自定义的更新数据库类继承DaoMaster.OpenHelper
  
**
 * Created by wbxu on 2017/6/19.
 *  自定义  MySQLiteOpenHelper集成  DaoMaster.OpenHelper 重写更新数据库的方法
 *   当app下的build.gradle  的schemaVersion数据库的版本号改变时,,创建数据库会调用onUpgrade更细数据库的方法
 */

public class MySQLiteOpenHelper extends DaoMaster.OpenHelper{
    /**
     *
     * @param context  上下文
     * @param name     原来定义的数据库的名字   新旧数据库一致
     * @param factory  可以null
     */
    public MySQLiteOpenHelper(Context context, String name, SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory factory) {
        super(context, name, factory);
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param db
     * @param oldVersion
     * @param newVersion
     *  更新数据库的时候自己调用
     */
    @Override
    public void onUpgrade(Database db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
        Log.d("flag","-----调用了");
        //具体的数据转移在MigrationHelper2类中
        /**
         *  将db传入     将gen目录下的所有的Dao.类传入
         */
       MigrationHelper2.migrate(db,FruitDao.class, AnimalsDao.class, PeoreDao.class);
    }
}
     使用方法:
     1当新建一个表就是新建一个bean  然后build   makeProject 会在gen生成对应的dao文件   将类名传入MigrationHelper2.migrate(db,FruitDao.class, AnimalsDao.class, PeoreDao.class);这个更新的方法里
     2更改app下build.gradle的数据库的版本号
//初始化greendao基本信息
    greendao{
        schemaVersion 4
        daoPackage 'com.example.wbxu.mygreendaodemo.gen'
        targetGenDir 'src/main/java'
    }
     3调用让其更新
在想要更新的地方如mainActivity 或 Application   更新数据库
//传入参数二是新旧的数据库名字需要一致
  MySQLiteOpenHelper o=new MySQLiteOpenHelper(this,"MyGreenDb.db",null);
                DaoMaster daoMaster = new DaoMaster(o.getWritableDatabase());

源码下载:http://download.csdn.net/detail/bskfnvjtlyzmv867/9835023






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