用队列解决农夫过河问题

#include 
#include 

typedef int DataType;
//顺序队列：类型和界面函数声明
struct SeqQueue
{// 顺序队列类型定义
    int MAXNUM; // 队列中最大元素个数
    int f, r;
    DataType *q;
};

typedef struct SeqQueue *PSeqQueue; // 顺序队列类型的指针类型

//创建一个空队列
PSeqQueue createEmptyQueue_seq(int m)
{
    PSeqQueue queue = (PSeqQueue)malloc(sizeof(struct SeqQueue));
    if (queue != NULL)
    {
        queue->q = (DataType*)malloc(sizeof(DataType) *m);
        if (queue->q)
        {
            queue->MAXNUM = m;
            queue->f = 0;
            queue->r = 0;
            return (queue);
        }
        else
            free(queue);
    }

    printf("Out of space!!\n"); // 存储分配失败
    return NULL;
}

//判断队列是否为空
int isEmptyQueue_seq(PSeqQueue queue)
{
    return (queue->f == queue->r);
}

// 在队尾插入元素x，此队列队尾一个元素空出来
void enQueue_seq(PSeqQueue queue, DataType x)
{
    if ((queue->r + 1) % queue->MAXNUM == queue->f)
        printf("Full queue.\n");
    else
    {
        queue->q[queue->r] = x;
        queue->r = (queue->r + 1) % queue->MAXNUM;
    }
}

// 删除队列头部元素
void deQueue_seq(PSeqQueue queue)
{
    if (queue->f == queue->r)
        printf("Empty Queue.\n");
    else
        queue->f = (queue->f + 1) % queue->MAXNUM;
}

DataType frontQueue_seq(PSeqQueue queue)
{
    if (queue->f == queue->r)
    {
        printf("Empty Queue.\n");
        return 0;
    }
    else
        return (queue->q[queue->f]);
}


//个体状态判断函数

int farmer(int location)
{
    //判断农夫的位置
    return (0 != (location &0x08));
}

int wolf(int location)
{
    //判断狼的位置
    return (0 != (location &0x04));
}

int cabbage(int location)
{
    //判断白菜的位置
    return (0 != (location &0x02));
}

int goat(int location)
{
    //判断羊的位置
    return (0 != (location &0x01));
}

//安全状态的判断函数

// 若状态安全则返回true
int safe(int location)
{
    // 羊吃白菜
    if ((goat(location) == cabbage(location)) && (goat(location) != farmer(location)))
        return 0;
    // 狼吃羊
    if ((goat(location) == wolf(location)) && (goat(location) != farmer(location)))
        return 0;
    return 1; // 其他状态是安全的
}

void bin_print(int num)
{
    char tmp[4];
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
    {
        tmp[i] = num & 0x01;
        num >>= 1;
    }
    for (i = 3; i >= 0; --i)
        putchar((tmp[i] == 0)?'0':'1');
    return;
}

int main()
{

    int i, movers, location, newlocation;
    int route[16]; //用于记录已考虑的状态路径
    PSeqQueue moveTo; //用于记录可以安全到达的中间状态

    moveTo = createEmptyQueue_seq(20); //创建空队列
    enQueue_seq(moveTo, 0x00); //初始状态进队列

    for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
        route[i] =  -1;

    //准备数组route初值
    route[0] = 0;

    while (!isEmptyQueue_seq(moveTo) && (route[15] ==  - 1))
    {
        location = frontQueue_seq(moveTo); //取队头状态为当前状态
        deQueue_seq(moveTo);

        //考虑各种物品移动
        for (movers = 1; movers <= 8; movers <<= 1)
            //农夫与移动的物品在同一侧
                if ((0 != (location & 0x08)) == (0 != (location & movers)))
                {
                    newlocation = location ^ (0x08 | movers); //计算新状态

                    //新状态安全且未处理
                    if (safe(newlocation) && (route[newlocation] ==  -1))
                    {
                        route[newlocation] = location; //记录新状态的前驱
                        enQueue_seq(moveTo, newlocation); //新状态入队
                    }
                }
    }

    // 打印出路径
    if (route[15] !=  -1)
        //到达最终状态
    {
        printf("The reverse path is : \n");

        for (location = 15; location >= 0; location = route[location])
        {
            printf("The location is : %2d, ", location);
            bin_print(location);
            putchar('\n');
            if (location == 0)
                exit(0);
        }
    }
    else
        printf("No solution.\n");
    return 0;
}