Spring Security入门小DEMO

Spring Security是一个能够为基于Spring的企业应用系统提供声明式的安全访问控制解决方案的安全框架。它提供了一组可以在Spring应用上下文中配置的Bean,充分利用了Spring IoC,DI(控制反转Inversion of Control ,DI:Dependency Injection 依赖注入)和AOP(面向切面编程)功能,为应用系统提供声明式的安全访问控制功能,减少了为企业系统安全控制编写大量重复代码的工作.
Spring Security入门小Demo
首先看一下目录结构
Spring Security入门小DEMO_第1张图片
(1)创建工程spring-security-demo ,pom.xml内容

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
    <groupId>cn.itcast.demogroupId>
    <artifactId>spring-security-demoartifactId>
    <packaging>warpackaging>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOTversion>
    <properties>
        <spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASEspring.version>
    properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-coreartifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}version>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webartifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}version>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvcartifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}version>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-supportartifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}version>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-testartifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}version>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbcartifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}version>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.securitygroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-webartifactId>
            <version>4.1.0.RELEASEversion>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.securitygroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-configartifactId>
            <version>4.1.0.RELEASEversion>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servletgroupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-apiartifactId>
            <version>2.5version>
            <scope>providedscope>
        dependency>
    dependencies>
    <build>
      <plugins>     
          
          <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.pluginsgroupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-pluginartifactId>
                <version>3.2version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.7source>
                    <target>1.7target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8encoding>
                configuration>
          plugin>      
          <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.mavengroupId>
                <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-pluginartifactId>
                <configuration>
                    
                    <port>9090port>
                    
                    <path>/path>
                configuration>
          plugin>
       plugins>  
    build>
project>

(2)创建web.xml


<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
    version="2.5">      
     <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocationparam-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring-security.xmlparam-value>
     context-param>
     <listener>
        <listener-class>
            org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
        listener-class>
     listener>    
     <filter>  
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChainfilter-name>         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxyfilter-class>  
     filter>  
     <filter-mapping>  
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChainfilter-name>  
        <url-pattern>/*url-pattern>  
     filter-mapping>  
web-app>

(3)创建index.html 内容略
(4)创建spring 配置文件spring-security.xml


<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
    xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security.xsd">

    
    <http use-expressions="false">
        <intercept-url pattern="/**" access="ROLE_USER" />
        <form-login/>   
    http>

    
    <authentication-manager>
        <authentication-provider>
            <user-service>
                <user name="admin" password="123456" authorities="ROLE_USER"/>
            user-service>     
        authentication-provider>  
    authentication-manager>
beans:beans>

Spring Security入门小DEMO_第2张图片
配置说明:
intercept-url 表示拦截页面
/* 表示的是该目录下的资源,只包括本级目录不包括下级目录
/** 表示的是该目录以及该目录下所有级别子目录的资源
form-login 为开启表单登陆
use-expressions 为是否使用使用 Spring 表达式语言( SpEL ),默认为true ,如果开启,则拦截的配置应该写成以下形式

<intercept-url pattern="/**" access="hasRole('ROLE_USER')" />

用户自定义登录页
实际开发中,我们不可能使用系统生成的登录页,而是使用我们自己的登录页。
(1)构建登陆页:


<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>登陆title>
head>
<body>  
    <form action='/login' method='POST'>
        <table>
            <tr>
                <td>用户名:td>
                <td><input type='text' name='username' value=''>td>
            tr>
            <tr>
                <td>密码:td>
                <td><input type='password' name='password' />td>
            tr>
            <tr>
                <td colspan='2'><input name="submit" type="submit"
                    value="登陆" />td>
            tr>
        table>
    form>
body>
html>

(2)构建登陆失败页 login_error.html(内容略)
(3)修改 spring 配置文件spring-security.xml

    
    <http pattern="/login.html" security="none">http>
    <http pattern="/login_error.html" security="none">http>
    
    <http use-expressions="false">
        <intercept-url pattern="/*" access="ROLE_USER" />
        <form-login login-page="/login.html" default-target-url="/index.html" authentication-failure-url="/login_error.html"/>  
        <csrf disabled="true"/>
    http>

security=”none” 设置此资源不被拦截.
如果你没有设置登录页security=”none” ,将会出现以下错误
Spring Security入门小DEMO_第3张图片
因为登录页会被反复重定向。
login-page:指定登录页面。
authentication-failure-url:指定了身份验证失败时跳转到的页面。
default-target-url:指定了成功进行身份验证和授权后默认呈现给用户的页面。
csrf disabled=”true” 关闭csrf ,如果不加会出现错误
这里写图片描述
CSRF(Cross-site request forgery)跨站请求伪造,也被称为“One Click Attack”或者Session Riding,通常缩写为CSRF或者XSRF,是一种对网站的恶意利用。

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