Java 基于MySQL的学生信息管理系统
说明
1.本文适用对象：想要做项目练一下手，检验一下自己所学的小白程序员。
2.本文开发环境：jdk10+MySQL8.0+idea 2018
3.本文完成内容：MySQL的curd以及简单界面的制作（Swing）。
4.如果有必要，可以私信笔者给出源代码以及数据库文件。
正文
在观看本文章前，建议具备知识有：基本的MySQL的curd常识，基本Java知识点的了解，以及基本Swing界面的制作（可以边看边对照API）.下面开始正文讲解：
在设计本系统时，需要做出基本的登陆界面，那么需要基本了解到容器的概念-顶层容器和中间容器，建议观看blog：https://blog.csdn.net/liujun13579/article/category/1172073 里面有超级详细的讲解。
看完之后，回归到顶层容器的设计，我们需要在顶层容器中定义的内容：
- 初始界面的名称；
- 初始界面的大小；
- 初始界面刚显示出来位于屏幕的何方；
- 初始的退出方式等。
各个功能键是定义在中间容器JPanel中，然后依附于顶层容器。
在程序运行过程中需要对按键进行实时的检测，判断哪个按键被按，则执行具体的方法。
快捷入口（本系统在编写过程中遇到的问题，如有相同，可以直接查看内容，否则跳过就好）
问题1：JDBC加载失败（重点）
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38627405/article/details/73824733
https://www.cnblogs.com/Xieyang-blog/p/8489400.html
问题2：
MYSQL:WARN: Establishing SSL connection without server's identity verification is not recommended.
解决办法：https://blog.csdn.net/u010429286/article/details/77750177
问题3：
mysql运行报The server time zone value 'Öйú±ê׼ʱ¼ä' is unrecognized or represents more than one time zone的解决方法
解决方法：https://www.cnblogs.com/ljy-20180122/p/9157912.html
问题4：MySQL如何设置自动获取当前时间
解决办法：https://www.cnblogs.com/lhj588/p/4245719.html
下面直接给出本设计中的代码（有较为详细的注释）：
首先是基础界面示例代码：
package FirstVision;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
/**
* @className:Window
* @Description:学生信息管理系统的登陆界面
* @author:TAO
* @Date:2018/6/26 8:40
*/
public class Window {
public static void main(String[] args) {
JFrame jFrame=new JFrame("学生信息管理系统");
Dimension dimension=new Dimension(400,300);
Point point=new Point(350,150);
jFrame.setSize(dimension);
jFrame.setLocation(point);//设置组件的位置
jFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
//jFrame.setVisible(true);
JButton button1=new JButton("添加");
JButton button2=new JButton("修改");
JButton button3=new JButton("查询");
JButton button4=new JButton("删除");
JButton button5=new JButton("浏览");//定义五个功能键
FlowLayout flowLayout=new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT,10,10);//设置对其方式以及确定的左右上下间隙
JPanel panel=new JPanel(flowLayout);
panel.add(button1);
panel.add(button2);
panel.add(button3);
panel.add(button4);
panel.add(button5);
jFrame.setContentPane(panel);
button1.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
Add add=new Add();
}
});
button2.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
Change change=new Change();
}
});
button3.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
Ask ask=new Ask();
}
});
button4.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
Delete delete=new Delete();
}
});
button5.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
Look look=new Look();
}
});
jFrame.setVisible(true);//JAVA写界面程序的时候，要把setVisible(true)放到最后面，不然在这句之后添加的组件有时候不显示，需要重新刷新。
}
}再是MySQL的curd和查看整个表内容的方法
首先是添加：
package FirstVision;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.sql.*;
/**
* @className:Add
* @Description:数据库添加
* @author:TAO
* @Date:2018/6/26 8:54
*/
public class Add extends JFrame {
private static final long serialVersionUID=-1928970409928880648L;
JLabel jlnumber=new JLabel("学号：");
JLabel jlname=new JLabel("姓名：");
JLabel jlsex=new JLabel("性别：");
JLabel jlbirthday=new JLabel("生日：");
JLabel jldepartment=new JLabel("学院：");
JTextField jtnumber=new JTextField("",20);
JTextField jtname=new JTextField("",20);
JTextField jtsex=new JTextField("",20);
JTextField jtbirthday=new JTextField("",20);
JTextField jtdepartment=new JTextField("",20);
JButton buttonadd=new JButton("添加");
JButton buttonreturn=new JButton("返回");
public Add(){
JPanel jpnumber=new JPanel();
JPanel jpname=new JPanel();
JPanel jpsex=new JPanel();
JPanel jpbirthday=new JPanel();
JPanel jpdepartment=new JPanel();
JPanel jpforbutton=new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,1));
jpnumber.add(jlnumber);
jpnumber.add(jtnumber);
jpname.add(jlname);
jpname.add(jtname);
jpsex.add(jlsex);
jpsex.add(jtsex);
jpbirthday.add(jlbirthday);
jpbirthday.add(jtbirthday);
jpdepartment.add(jldepartment);
jpdepartment.add(jtdepartment);
jpforbutton.add(buttonadd);
jpforbutton.add(buttonreturn);
buttonadd.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
Connection conn=null;
// Statement stat=null;
PreparedStatement ps=null;
String sql="Insert into student(id,name,sex,birthday,department)"+"values(?,?,?,?,?)";
try{
Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");//尝试Class.forName("Driver")失败
System.out.println("JDBC 加载成功！");
}catch (Exception a){
System.out.println("JDBC 加载失败！");
a.printStackTrace();
}
try {
conn=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/javaStu?useSSL=false ","root","123456");
ps=conn.prepareStatement(sql);
ps.setString(1,jtnumber.getText());
ps.setString(2,jtname.getText());
ps.setString(3,jtsex.getText());
ps.setString(4,jtbirthday.getText());
ps.setString(5,jtdepartment.getText());
ps.executeUpdate();
}catch (SQLException b){
b.printStackTrace();
}finally {
try{
conn.close();
//System.out.println("Mysql 关闭成功");
System.out.println("add success.");
}catch (SQLException c){
//System.out.println("Mysql 关闭失败");
System.out.println("add fail.");
c.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
});
/**
* 此处需要改进，返回按钮是结束当前界面，返回到前一个界面。
* */
buttonreturn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
// Window window=new Window();
dispose();
}
});
this.setTitle("添加学生信息");
this.setLayout(new GridLayout(9,1));
this.add(jpnumber);
this.add(jpname);
this.add(jpsex);
this.add(jpbirthday);
this.add(jpdepartment);
this.add(jpforbutton);
this.setLocation(400,300);
this.setSize(350,300);
this.setVisible(true);
}
}其次是查询（根据序号查询）：
package FirstVision;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.sql.*;
/**
* @className:Ask
* @Description:查询数据库中的元素
* @author:TAO
* @Date:2018/6/26 8:54
*/
public class Ask extends JFrame{
private static final long serialVersionUID=-1928970409928880648L;
JLabel jlnumber=new JLabel("学号:");
JLabel jlname=new JLabel("姓名:");
JLabel jlsex=new JLabel("性别:");
JLabel jlbirthday=new JLabel("生日:");
JLabel jldepartment=new JLabel("学院:");
JTextField jtnumber=new JTextField("",20);//根据学号查询信息
JLabel jname=new JLabel();
JLabel jsex=new JLabel();
JLabel jbirthday=new JLabel();
JLabel jdepartment=new JLabel();
JButton buttonask=new JButton("查询");
JButton buttonreturn=new JButton("返回");
public Ask(){
FlowLayout flowLayout=new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT,10,10);//设置对其方式以及间隙
JPanel jpnumber=new JPanel(flowLayout);
JPanel jpname=new JPanel(flowLayout);
JPanel jpsex=new JPanel(flowLayout);
JPanel jpbirthday=new JPanel(flowLayout);
JPanel jpdepartment=new JPanel(flowLayout);
JPanel jpforbutton=new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,1));//创建中间容器
jpnumber.add(jlnumber);
jpnumber.add(jtnumber);
jpname.add(jlname);
jpname.add(jname);
jpsex.add(jlsex);
jpsex.add(jsex);
jpbirthday.add(jlbirthday);
jpbirthday.add(jbirthday);
jpdepartment.add(jldepartment);
jpdepartment.add(jdepartment);
jpforbutton.add(buttonask);
jpforbutton.add(buttonreturn);
buttonask.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
Connection conn=null;
ResultSet res=null;
Statement stat=null;
String sql="select * from student;";
try{
Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
System.out.println("JDBC 加载成功");
}catch (Exception d){
System.out.println("JDBC 加载失败");
d.printStackTrace();
}
try{
conn=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/javaStu?useSSL=false ","root","123456");
stat=conn.createStatement();
res=stat.executeQuery(sql);
while (res.next()){
if(res.getString(1).equals(jtnumber.getText())){
jname.setText(res.getString(2));
jsex.setText(res.getString(3));
jbirthday.setText(res.getString(4));
jdepartment.setText(res.getString(5));
break;
}
}
}catch (SQLException e1){
e1.printStackTrace();
}finally {
try{
conn.close();
System.out.println("ask success.");
}catch (SQLException e2){
System.out.println("ask fail.");
e2.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
});
buttonreturn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
// Window window=new Window();
dispose();//销毁窗体，即返回上一界面
}
});
this.setTitle("查询学生信息");
this.setLayout(new GridLayout(9,1));
this.add(jpnumber);
this.add(jpname);
this.add(jpsex);
this.add(jpbirthday);
this.add(jpdepartment);
this.add(jpforbutton);
this.setLocation(400,300);
this.setSize(350,300);
this.setVisible(true);
}
}
再是改变（change）：
package FirstVision;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.sql.*;
/**
* @className:Change
* @Description:改变数据内容
* @author:TAO
* @Date:2018/6/26 8:54
*/
public class Change extends JFrame {
private static final long serialVersionUID=-1928970409928880648L;
JLabel jlnumber=new JLabel("学号：");
JLabel jlname=new JLabel("姓名：");
JLabel jlsex=new JLabel("性别：");
JLabel jlbirthday=new JLabel("生日：");
JLabel jldepartment=new JLabel("学院：");
JTextField jtnumber=new JTextField("",20);
JTextField jtname=new JTextField("",20);
JTextField jtsex=new JTextField("",20);
JTextField jtbirthday=new JTextField("",20);
JTextField jtdepartment=new JTextField("",20);
JButton buttonchange=new JButton("修改");
JButton buttonreturn=new JButton("返回");
public Change(){
JPanel jpnumber=new JPanel();
JPanel jpname=new JPanel();
JPanel jpsex=new JPanel();
JPanel jpbirthday=new JPanel();
JPanel jpdepartment=new JPanel();
JPanel jpforbutton=new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,1));
jpnumber.add(jlnumber);
jpnumber.add(jtnumber);
jpname.add(jlname);
jpname.add(jtname);
jpsex.add(jlsex);
jpsex.add(jtsex);
jpbirthday.add(jlbirthday);
jpbirthday.add(jtbirthday);
jpdepartment.add(jldepartment);
jpdepartment.add(jtdepartment);
jpforbutton.add(buttonchange);
jpforbutton.add(buttonreturn);
buttonchange.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
var number=jtnumber.getText();
var name=jtname.getText();
var sex=jtsex.getText();
var birthday=jtbirthday.getText();
var department=jtdepartment.getText();
Connection conn=null;
ResultSet res=null;
Statement stat=null;
var sql="select * from student";
try{
conn=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/javaStu?useSSL=false ","root","123456");
stat=conn.createStatement();
res=stat.executeQuery(sql);
while(res.next()){
if(res.getString(1).equals(jtnumber.getText())){
try{
Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
System.out.println("JDBC 加载成功");
}catch (Exception e6){
System.out.println("JDBC 加载失败");
e6.printStackTrace();
}
String sql2="update student set name='"+name+"'where id='"+jtnumber.getText()+"'";
String sql3="update student set sex='"+sex+"'where id='"+jtnumber.getText()+"'";
String sql4="update student set birthday='"+birthday+"'where id='"+jtnumber.getText()+"'";
String sql5="update student set department='"+department+"'where id='"+jtnumber.getText()+"'";
try{
conn=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/javaStu?useSSL=false ","root","123456");
stat=conn.createStatement();
stat.execute(sql2);
stat.execute(sql3);
stat.execute(sql4);
stat.execute(sql5);//分清execute和executeQuery的区别
}catch (SQLException e7){
e7.printStackTrace();
}
try{
stat.close();
conn.close();
}catch (Exception e8){
e8.printStackTrace();
}
break;
}
}
}catch (Exception e9){
e9.printStackTrace();
}finally {
try{
stat.close();
conn.close();
System.out.println("change success.");
}catch (Exception e8){
System.out.println("change fail.");
e8.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
});
buttonreturn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
dispose();
// Window window=new Window();
}
});
this.setTitle("修改学生信息");
this.setLayout(new GridLayout(9,1));
this.add(jpnumber);
this.add(jpname);
this.add(jpsex);
this.add(jpbirthday);
this.add(jpdepartment);
this.add(jpforbutton);
this.setLocation(400,300);
this.setSize(350,300);
this.setVisible(true);
}
}删除操作：
package FirstVision;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.sql.*;
/**
* @className:Delete
* @Description:TODO
* @author:TAO
* @Date:2018/6/26 8:54
*/
public class Delete extends JFrame {
private static final long serialVersionUID=-1928970409928880648L;
JLabel jlnumber=new JLabel("学号：");
JTextField jtnumber=new JTextField("",20);
JButton buttondelete=new JButton("删除");
JButton buttonreturn=new JButton("返回");
public Delete(){
JPanel jpnumber=new JPanel();
JPanel jpforbutton=new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,1));
jpnumber.add(jlnumber);
jpnumber.add(jtnumber);
jpforbutton.add(buttondelete);
jpforbutton.add(buttonreturn);
buttondelete.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
String number=jtnumber.getText();
Connection conn=null;
ResultSet res=null;
Statement stat=null;
String sql="delete from student where id='"+number+"'";
try{
Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
System.out.println("JDBC 加载成功");
}catch (Exception e1){
System.out.println("JDBC 加载失败");
e1.printStackTrace();
}
try{
conn=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/javaStu?useSSL=false ","root","123456");
stat=conn.createStatement();
stat.executeUpdate(sql);
}catch (Exception e2){
e2.printStackTrace();
}finally {
try{
conn.close();
stat.close();
System.out.println("delete success.");
}catch (SQLException e3){
System.out.println("delete fail.");
e3.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
});
buttonreturn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
// Window window=new Window();
dispose();
}
});
this.setTitle("删除学生信息：");
this.setLayout(new GridLayout(9,1));
this.add(jpnumber);
this.add(jpforbutton);
this.setLocation(400,300);
this.setSize(350,300);
this.setVisible(true);
}
}最后是查看表的操作：
package FirstVision;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.util.Vector;
/**
* @className:Look
* @Description:浏览
* @author:TAO
* @Date:2018/6/26 8:55
*/
public class Look extends JFrame {
private static final long serialVersionUID=-1928970409928880648L;
Connection conn=null;
PreparedStatement ps=null;
ResultSet res=null;
JTable jTable=null;
JScrollPane jScrollPane=new JScrollPane();
Vector columnNames=null;
Vector rowData=null;
JButton buttonreturn=new JButton("返回");
public Look(){
JPanel jpforbutton=new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,1));
jpforbutton.add(buttonreturn);
columnNames=new Vector();
columnNames.add("学号");
columnNames.add("姓名");
columnNames.add("性别");
columnNames.add("生日");
columnNames.add("学院");
rowData=new Vector();
try {
Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
System.out.println("JDBC 加载成功");
}catch (Exception e3){
System.out.println("JDBC 加载失败");
e3.printStackTrace();
}
try{
conn=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/javaStu?useSSL=false ","root","123456");
ps=conn.prepareStatement("select * from student;");
res=ps.executeQuery();
while(res.next()){
Vector hang=new Vector();
hang.add(res.getString(1));
hang.add(res.getString(2));
hang.add(res.getString(3));
hang.add(res.getString(4));
hang.add(res.getString(5));
rowData.add(hang);
}
System.out.println("load ok!");
}catch (Exception e4){
System.out.println("die_1");
e4.printStackTrace();
}finally {
try{
res.close();
conn.close();
ps.close();
System.out.println("look success.");
}catch (Exception e5){
System.out.println("look fail.");
e5.printStackTrace();
}
}
buttonreturn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
// Window window=new Window();
dispose();
}
});
jTable=new JTable(rowData,columnNames);
jScrollPane=new JScrollPane(jTable);
this.add(jScrollPane);
this.setTitle("浏览学生信息：");
this.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,5));
this.add(jpforbutton);
this.setLocation(400,300);
this.setSize(350,300);
this.setVisible(true);
//this.setResizable(false);
}
}数据库代码;
/*
Navicat MySQL Data Transfer
Source Server : localhost_3306
Source Server Version : 80011
Source Host : localhost:3306
Source Database : javastu
Target Server Type : MYSQL
Target Server Version : 80011
File Encoding : 65001
Date: 2018-08-03 17:16:50
*/
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `student`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `student`;
CREATE TABLE `student` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`name` varchar(10) NOT NULL,
`sex` varchar(5) NOT NULL,
`birthday` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
`department` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of student
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('1', '江三金', '女', '1996-02-03 00:00:00', '机械');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('2', '雷小刚', '男', '1995-08-12 00:00:00', '电气');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('3', '李二', '男', '1996-03-14 00:00:00', '机械');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('4', '李子韬', '女', '1998-02-16 00:00:00', '经管');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('5', '周高', '男', '1997-11-12 00:00:00', '计算机');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('6', '吴三桂', '男', '1994-12-13 00:00:00', '机械');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('7', '张益达', '男', '1980-06-12 00:00:00', '马克思');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('8', '黄蓉', '女', '1988-08-08 00:00:00', '艺设');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('9', '洪七公', '男', '1958-06-13 00:00:00', '丐帮');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('10', '郭靖', '男', '1986-05-13 00:00:00', '土建');