isc-dhcp-server --dhcp服务器

• DHCP（Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol，动态主机配置协议）通常被应用在大型的局域网络环境中，主要作用是集中的管理、分配IP地址

使网络环境中的主机动态的获得IP地址、Gateway地址、DNS服务器地址等信息，并能够提升地址的使用率。

ubuntu下安装

zw@zw-pc:apt-get install isc-dhcp-server
#DHCP的主要配置文件有两个，分别位于 /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server 和 /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

#首先配置isc-dhcp-server
zw@zw-pc:cat /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server                                                                     [10:18:14] # Defaults for isc-dhcp-server (sourced by /etc/init.d/isc-dhcp-server)
 
# Path to dhcpd's config file (default: /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf).
#DHCPDv4_CONF=/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
#DHCPDv6_CONF=/etc/dhcp/dhcpd6.conf
 
# Path to dhcpd's PID file (default: /var/run/dhcpd.pid).
#DHCPDv4_PID=/var/run/dhcpd.pid
#DHCPDv6_PID=/var/run/dhcpd6.pid
 
# Additional options to start dhcpd with.
#       Don't use options -cf or -pf here; use DHCPD_CONF/ DHCPD_PID instead
#OPTIONS=""
 
# On what interfaces should the DHCP server (dhcpd) serve DHCP requests?
#       Separate multiple interfaces with spaces, e.g. "eth0 eth1".
INTERFACESv4=""##指定的提供dhcp的网卡 ifconfig查看
INTERFACESv6=""

#配置hdcpd.conf
zw@zw-pc:cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf                                                                             [10:21:09] # dhcpd.conf
...
 
##配置主要在这里
# A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet.
#子网网段 和子网掩码 如果ip为192.168.5.112 c类网 则设置为 如下
subnet 192.168.5.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
##地址池 对外分配的ip段
range 192.168.5.113 192.168.5.123;
##dns 服务器地址
option domain-name-servers 114.114.114.114;
##dns服务器域名
#  option domain-name "internal.example.org";
##分配主机的子网掩码
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
##默认网关
option routers 192.168.5.1;
##广播地址
#  option broadcast-address 10.5.5.31;
##默认租期时间 s
#  default-lease-time 600;
##最大租期时间
#  max-lease-time 7200;
}
...

#查看服务是否启动
root@localhost:~# netstat -uap
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name
udp        0      0 *:bootps                *:*                                 334/dhcpd      
udp        0      0 *:49794                 *:*                                 334/dhcpd      
udp6       0      0 [::]:15098              [::]:*                              334/dhcpd      
root@localhost:~#