C#实现EXCEL数据转换到TXT文档
今天写了一段 EXCEL数据按一定格式转换到TXT文档的C#代码.在对EXCEL表的读取采用了.NET提供的OLEDB技术,对字符串的连接使用了StringBuilder 类.
excel中的数据格式如下:
| 设备名称 | 规格型号 | 设备编号 | 使用部门 | 固定资产编号 |
| 电脑1 | IBM5660 | 10001 | 管理部 | 100010001 |
| 电脑2 | IBM5661 | 10002 | 研发部 | 100010002 |
| 电脑3 | IBM5662 | 10003 | 管理部 | 100010003 |
转换到TXT文档的格式:
"检测设备资产标签","设备名称","电脑1","规格型号","IBM5660","设备编号","10001","使用部门","管理部","固定资产编号","100010001"
"检测设备资产标签","设备名称","电脑2","规格型号","IBM5661","设备编号","10002","使用部门","研发部","固定资产编号","100010002"
"检测设备资产标签","设备名称","电脑3","规格型号","IBM5662","设备编号","10003","使用部门","管理部","固定资产编号","100010003"
end
页面设计代码:
namespace ExcelToTxt
{
partial class Form1
{
///
/// 必需的设计器变量。
///
private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;
///
/// 清理所有正在使用的资源。
///
/// 如果应释放托管资源，为 true；否则为 false。
protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (disposing && (components != null))
{
components.Dispose();
}
base.Dispose(disposing);
}
#region Windows 窗体设计器生成的代码
///
/// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要
/// 使用代码编辑器修改此方法的内容。
///
private void InitializeComponent()
{
this.dgvShow = new System.Windows.Forms.DataGridView();
this.btnSelect = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.btnChange = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)(this.dgvShow)).BeginInit();
this.SuspendLayout();
//
// dgvShow
//
this.dgvShow.AllowUserToAddRows = false;
this.dgvShow.AllowUserToDeleteRows = false;
this.dgvShow.AllowUserToResizeRows = false;
this.dgvShow.ColumnHeadersHeightSizeMode = System.Windows.Forms.DataGridViewColumnHeadersHeightSizeMode.AutoSize;
this.dgvShow.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Top;
this.dgvShow.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 0);
this.dgvShow.Name = "dgvShow";
this.dgvShow.RowTemplate.Height = 23;
this.dgvShow.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(885, 600);
this.dgvShow.TabIndex = 0;
//
// btnSelect
//
this.btnSelect.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(202, 611);
this.btnSelect.Name = "btnSelect";
this.btnSelect.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(148, 23);
this.btnSelect.TabIndex = 1;
this.btnSelect.Text = "选择excel文件";
this.btnSelect.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
this.btnSelect.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnSelect_Click);
//
// btnChange
//
this.btnChange.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(403, 611);
this.btnChange.Name = "btnChange";
this.btnChange.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 23);
this.btnChange.TabIndex = 2;
this.btnChange.Text = "转换为txt文档";
this.btnChange.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
this.btnChange.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnChange_Click);
//
// Form1
//
this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(6F, 12F);
this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font;
this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(885, 646);
this.Controls.Add(this.btnChange);
this.Controls.Add(this.btnSelect);
this.Controls.Add(this.dgvShow);
this.Name = "Form1";
this.Text = "文件转换";
((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)(this.dgvShow)).EndInit();
this.ResumeLayout(false);
}
#endregion
private System.Windows.Forms.DataGridView dgvShow;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button btnSelect;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button btnChange;
}
}
实现代码:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.OleDb;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.IO;
namespace ExcelToTxt
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
private DataTable dt; //存储EXCLE中的数据
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
this.btnChange.Enabled = false;//初始化设置控件为不可用
}
///
/// 该方法打开一个Excel文件
///
///
///
private void btnSelect_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string excelFilePath = ""; //存储打开的文件的路径
OpenFileDialog selectFile = new OpenFileDialog();
//选择打开的文件设置
selectFile.Filter = "Excel(*.xls)|*.xls";
selectFile.FilterIndex = 1;
selectFile.DefaultExt = "xls";
selectFile.AddExtension = true;
selectFile.RestoreDirectory = true;
selectFile.Multiselect = false;
//选择文件
if (selectFile.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
{
excelFilePath = selectFile.FileName;//获取选择的文件路径
}
else
{
return;
}
//得到控件的数据源
dt = GetExcelData(excelFilePath);
//在显示控件中显示数据
ShowDataGridView();
//设置转换格式的控件可用
this.btnChange.Enabled = true;
}
///
///该方法将选择的EXCEL文件转换成TXT文档
///
///
///
private void btnChange_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string txtFilePath = "";//存储选择的TXT文档的文件名
SaveFileDialog saveTxtFile = new SaveFileDialog();
//选择保存的文件设置
saveTxtFile.Filter = "Text(.txt)|*.txt";
saveTxtFile.FilterIndex = 1;
saveTxtFile.DefaultExt = "txt";
saveTxtFile.AddExtension = true;
saveTxtFile.RestoreDirectory = true;
saveTxtFile.OverwritePrompt = true;
//选择创建文件的文件夹
if (saveTxtFile.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
{
txtFilePath = saveTxtFile.FileName; //获取选择的文件路径
}
else
{
return;
}
//将DataTable中的文件写入到txt文档中
Cursor.Current = Cursors.WaitCursor; //设置鼠标状态
int dtcols = dt.Columns.Count;
StringBuilder sbtxtdata = new StringBuilder(); ; //临时存储从dt中读出的每一条数据
//先创建一个新的TXT文档
FileStream fsTxtFile = new FileStream(txtFilePath, FileMode.CreateNew, FileAccess.Write);
StreamWriter swTxtFile = new StreamWriter(fsTxtFile, Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312") );
if (dtcols > 3)
{
string[] tempstr = new string[11];
//设置固定的值
tempstr[0] = "/"" + "检测设备资产标签" + "/"" + ",";
tempstr[1] = "/"" + "设备名称" + "/"" + ",";
tempstr[3] = "/"" + "规格型号" + "/"" + ",";
tempstr[5] = "/"" + "设备编号" + "/"" + ",";
tempstr[7] = "/"" + "使用部门" + "/"" + ",";
tempstr[9] = "/"" + "固定资产编号" + "/"" + ",";
//标签2的格式写入Txt文档
for(int rows = 0; rows < dt.Rows.Count; rows++)
{
for (int cols = 0; cols < dt.Columns.Count; cols++)
{
int tempindex = 2*(cols+1);
tempstr[tempindex] = "/"" + dt.Rows[rows][cols].ToString() + "/"";
}
tempstr[2] = tempstr[2] + ",";
tempstr[4] = tempstr[4] + ",";
tempstr[6] = tempstr[6] + ",";
tempstr[8] = tempstr[8] + ",";
tempstr[10] = tempstr[10] + "/r/n";
//将本行数据写入缓冲区
foreach (string str in tempstr)
{
sbtxtdata.Append(str);
}
swTxtFile.Write(sbtxtdata);
//清空本行中的数据
sbtxtdata.Remove(0, sbtxtdata.Length);
//将数组中新添加的数据清空
for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
{
int tempindex = 2*(i+1);
tempstr[tempindex] = "";
}
}
}
else
{
string[] tempstr = new string[5];
//标签0或1的格式写入Txt文档
for (int rows = 0; rows < dt.Rows.Count; rows++)
{
for (int cols = 0; cols < dt.Columns.Count; cols++)
{
string temp = "";//临时存储当前时间
if (cols == 0)
{
tempstr[0] = "/"" + dt.Rows[rows][cols] + "/"" + ",";
}
else if (cols == 1)
{
temp = dt.Rows[rows][cols].ToString();
tempstr[1] = "/"" + temp.Substring(0, 4) + "/"" + ","; //截取年
tempstr[2] = "/"" + temp.Substring(4, 2) + "/"" + ","; //截取月
tempstr[3] = "/"" + temp.Substring(6, 2) + "/"" + ","; //截取日
}
else if (cols == 2)
{
tempstr[4] = "/"" + dt.Rows[rows][cols] + "/"" + "/r/n";
}
}
//将本行数据写入缓冲区
foreach (string str in tempstr)
{
sbtxtdata.Append(str);
}
swTxtFile.Write(sbtxtdata);
//清空本行中的数据
sbtxtdata.Remove(0, sbtxtdata.Length);
//将数组中新添加的数据清空
for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
{
tempstr[i] = "";
}
}
}
//将数据写入文档
swTxtFile.Write("end");
swTxtFile.Flush();
swTxtFile.Close();
fsTxtFile.Close();
//重新设置鼠标格式
Cursor.Current = Cursors.Default;
MessageBox.Show("文件转换成功!", "提示",
MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
}
///
/// 获取Excel文件中的数据
///
/// Excel文件的路径
///
private DataTable GetExcelData(string path)
{
//连接字符串确定
string excelstr = "Provider = Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" + "Data Source= " + path + " ;"
+ " Extended Properties = Excel 8.0;";
OleDbConnection excelConn = new OleDbConnection(excelstr);
//打开数据源连接
try
{
if (excelConn.State == ConnectionState.Closed)
{
excelConn.Open();
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show("打开数据源连接失败！", "错误",
MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
Application.Exit();
}
finally
{
if(excelConn.State == ConnectionState.Open)
excelConn.Close();
}
//设置查询命令
OleDbDataAdapter myCommand = new OleDbDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM [Sheet1$]", excelConn);
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
//执行该查询EXCEL表的命令
try
{
myCommand.Fill(ds, "excelTable");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show("该Excel文件的工作表的名字不是[Sheet1$]!", "错误",
MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
Application.Exit();
}
finally
{
if (excelConn.State == ConnectionState.Closed)
{
excelConn.Close();
}
}
//判断DataTable中是否有数据
if (ds.Tables["excelTable"].Rows.Count > 0)
{
return ds.Tables["excelTable"];
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("没有读到Excel表中的数据!", "错误",
MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
return null;
}
}
///
/// 将选择的excel表中的数据现在DataGridView中
///
private void ShowDataGridView()
{
//设置显示控件的样式
this.dgvShow.DefaultCellStyle.BackColor = Color.Beige;
this.dgvShow.DefaultCellStyle.Font = new Font("Tahoma", 12);
DataGridViewCellStyle highlightCellStyle = new DataGridViewCellStyle();
highlightCellStyle.BackColor = Color.Red;
DataGridViewCellStyle currencyCellStyle = new DataGridViewCellStyle();
currencyCellStyle.Format = "C";
currencyCellStyle.ForeColor = Color.Green;
//设置显示控件的数据源
dgvShow.DataSource = dt;
}
}
}