MySQL高可用方案－PXC(Percona XtraDB Cluster)环境部署详解
Percona XtraDB Cluster简称PXC。Percona Xtradb Cluster的实现是在原mysql代码上通过Galera包将不同的mysql实例连接起来，实现了multi-master的集群架构。
下图中有三个实例，组成了一个集群，而这三个节点与普通的主从架构不同，它们都可以作为主节点，三个节点是对等的，这种一般称为multi-master架构，当有客户端要写入或者读取数据时，随便连接哪个实例都是一样的，读到的数据是相同的，写入某一个节点之后，集群自己会将新数据同步到其它节点上面，这种架构不共享任何数据，是一种高冗余架构。
此方案无法解决较大MySQL数据场景的数据保存问题，即不能实现分库分表，但是提供了一个高冗余的环境，适合于业务不是很大但是要求数据绝对安全的环境。
Percona XtraDBCluster提供的特性有：
1.同步复制，事务要么在所有节点提交或不提交。 2.多主复制，可以在任意节点进行写操作。 3.在从服务器上并行应用事件，真正意义上的并行复制。 4.节点自动配置。 5.数据一致性，不再是异步复制。
Percona XtraDBCluster完全兼容MySQL和Percona Server，表现在：
1.数据的兼容性
2.应用程序的兼容性：无需更改应用程序
集群特点：
a.集群是有节点组成的，推荐配置至少3个节点，但是也可以运行在2个节点上。
b.每个节点都是普通的mysql/percona服务器，可以将现有的数据库服务器组成集群，反之，也可以将集群拆分成单独的服务器。
c.每个节点都包含完整的数据副本。
优点如下：
1.当执行一个查询时，在本地节点上执行。因为所有数据都在本地，无需远程访问。
2.无需集中管理。可以在任何时间点失去任何节点，但是集群将照常工作。
3.良好的读负载扩展，任意节点都可以查询。
缺点如下：
1.加入新节点，开销大。需要复制完整的数据。
2.不能有效的解决写缩放问题，所有的写操作都将发生在所有节点上。
3.有多少个节点就有多少重复的数据。
Percona XtraDB Cluster与MySQL Replication区别在于：
分布式系统的CAP理论：
C— 一致性，所有节点的数据一致；
A— 可用性，一个或多个节点失效，不影响服务请求；
P— 分区容忍性，节点间的连接失效，仍然可以处理请求；
任何一个分布式系统，需要满足这三个中的两个。
MySQLReplication: 可用性和分区容忍性；
Percona XtraDBCluster: 一致性和可用性。
因此MySQL Replication并不保证数据的一致性，而Percona XtraDB Cluster提供数据一致性
下面，开始安装PXC 5.7.18
一、环境说明
IP地址 角色 系统 主机名
192.168.3.12 pxc01 CentOS6.5 master
192.168.3.13 pxc02 CentOS6.5 slave01
192.168.3.198 pxc03 CentOS6.5 slave02
二、安装 Percona-XtraDB-Cluster
1、下载依赖包percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.7-1.el6.x86_64.rpm到各节点
下载地址：https://www.percona.com/downloads/XtraBackup/LATEST/
安装：
# yum localinstall -y percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.7-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
2、下载Percona-XtraDB-Cluster并上传到各节点
下载地址：https://www.percona.com/downloads/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-LATEST/
安装包列表：
Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-57-5.7.18-29.20.1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-client-57-5.7.18-29.20.1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-server-57-5.7.18-29.20.1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-shared-57-5.7.18-29.20.1.el6.x86_64.rpm
yum localinstall自动解决依赖关系并进行安装
# yum localinstall Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-*.rpm
3、所有节点创建mysql组和用户
# groupadd mysql # useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
4、创建相关目录
# mkdir /data/mysql/{data,logs,tmp} -p # chown -R mysql.mysql /data
5、配置my.cnf文件
将/etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/wsrep.cnf拷贝到/etc/my.cnf
# cp /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/wsrep.cnf /etc/my.cnf
编辑my.cnf
第一节点 pxc01
[mysqld] user=mysql innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M datadir = /data/mysql/data port = 3306 server_id = 12 socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock pid-file = /data/mysql/logs/mysql.pid log-error = /data/mysql/logs/error.log log_warnings = 2 slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/logs/slow.log long_query_time = 0.1 sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES # Path to Galera library wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/galera3/libgalera_smm.so # Cluster connection URL contains IPs of nodes #If no IP is found, this implies that a new cluster needs to be created, #in order to do that you need to bootstrap this node wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://192.168.3.12,192.168.3.13,192.168.3.198 # In order for Galera to work correctly binlog format should be ROW binlog_format=ROW # MyISAM storage engine has only experimental support default_storage_engine=InnoDB # Slave thread to use wsrep_slave_threads= 8 wsrep_log_conflicts # This changes how InnoDB autoincrement locks are managed and is a requirement for Galera innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2 # Node IP address wsrep_node_address=192.168.3.12 # Cluster name wsrep_cluster_name=my-pxc-cluster #If wsrep_node_name is not specified, then system hostname will be used wsrep_node_name=pxc01 #pxc_strict_mode allowed values: DISABLED,PERMISSIVE,ENFORCING,MASTER pxc_strict_mode=ENFORCING # SST method wsrep_sst_method=xtrabackup-v2 #Authentication for SST method wsrep_sst_auth="sstuser:sstuser"
第二节点 pxc02
注意修改 server_id 、wsrep_node_name 、 wsrep_node_address
[mysqld] user=mysql innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M datadir = /data/mysql/data port = 3306 server_id = 13 socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock pid-file = /data/mysql/logs/mysql.pid log-error = /data/mysql/logs/error.log log_warnings = 2 slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/logs/slow.log long_query_time = 0.1 sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES # Path to Galera library wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/galera3/libgalera_smm.so # Cluster connection URL contains IPs of nodes #If no IP is found, this implies that a new cluster needs to be created, #in order to do that you need to bootstrap this node wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://192.168.3.12,192.168.3.13,192.168.3.198 # In order for Galera to work correctly binlog format should be ROW binlog_format=ROW # MyISAM storage engine has only experimental support default_storage_engine=InnoDB # Slave thread to use wsrep_slave_threads= 8 wsrep_log_conflicts # This changes how InnoDB autoincrement locks are managed and is a requirement for Galera innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2 # Node IP address wsrep_node_address=192.168.3.13 # Cluster name wsrep_cluster_name=my-pxc-cluster #If wsrep_node_name is not specified, then system hostname will be used wsrep_node_name=pxc02 #pxc_strict_mode allowed values: DISABLED,PERMISSIVE,ENFORCING,MASTER pxc_strict_mode=ENFORCING # SST method wsrep_sst_method=xtrabackup-v2 #Authentication for SST method wsrep_sst_auth="sstuser:sstuser"
第三节点 pxc03
注意修改 server_id 、wsrep_node_name 、 wsrep_node_address
[mysqld] user=mysql innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M datadir = /data/mysql/data port = 3306 server_id = 198 socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock pid-file = /data/mysql/logs/mysql.pid log-error = /data/mysql/logs/error.log log_warnings = 2 slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/logs/slow.log long_query_time = 0.1 sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES # Path to Galera library wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/galera3/libgalera_smm.so # Cluster connection URL contains IPs of nodes #If no IP is found, this implies that a new cluster needs to be created, #in order to do that you need to bootstrap this node wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://192.168.3.12,192.168.3.13,192.168.3.198 # In order for Galera to work correctly binlog format should be ROW binlog_format=ROW # MyISAM storage engine has only experimental support default_storage_engine=InnoDB # Slave thread to use wsrep_slave_threads= 8 wsrep_log_conflicts # This changes how InnoDB autoincrement locks are managed and is a requirement for Galera innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2 # Node IP address wsrep_node_address=192.168.3.198 # Cluster name wsrep_cluster_name=my-pxc-cluster #If wsrep_node_name is not specified, then system hostname will be used wsrep_node_name=pxc03 #pxc_strict_mode allowed values: DISABLED,PERMISSIVE,ENFORCING,MASTER pxc_strict_mode=ENFORCING # SST method wsrep_sst_method=xtrabackup-v2 #Authentication for SST method wsrep_sst_auth="sstuser:sstuser
三、启动PXC
1、启动第一节点
[root@master ~]# /etc/init.d/mysql bootstrap-pxc
Bootstrapping PXC (Percona XtraDB Cluster)Initializing MySQ[ OK ]se:
Starting MySQL (Percona XtraDB Cluster)....................[ OK ]
查看进程和端口是否启动
[root@master ~]# ps -ef|grep mysql root 27910 1 0 10:21 pts/2 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql/data --pid-file=/data/mysql/logs/mysql.pid --wsrep-new-cluster mysql 28347 27910 22 10:21 pts/2 00:00:23 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/data/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --user=mysql --wsrep-provider=/usr/lib64/galera3/libgalera_smm.so --wsrep-new-cluster --log-error=/data/mysql/logs/error.log --pid-file=/data/mysql/logs/mysql.pid --socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock --port=3306 --wsrep_start_position=00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000:-1
[root@master mysql]# ss -tnlp|grep 4567
LISTEN 0 128 *:4567 *:* users:(("mysqld",28347,11))
查看错误日志信息
[root@master mysql]# tail -f logs/error.log 2017-06-07T02:21:30.794514Z 0 [Note] WSREP: Node 04b5f0f9 state primary 2017-06-07T02:21:30.794674Z 0 [Note] WSREP: Current view of cluster as seen by this node view (view_id(PRIM,04b5f0f9,1) memb { 04b5f0f9,0 } joined { } left { } partitioned { } ) 2017-06-07T02:21:30.794745Z 0 [Note] WSREP: Save the discovered primary-component to disk 2017-06-07T02:21:30.794882Z 0 [Note] WSREP: discarding pending addr without UUID: tcp://192.168.3.12:4567 2017-06-07T02:21:30.794926Z 0 [Note] WSREP: discarding pending addr proto entry 0x7f16aefcfcc0 2017-06-07T02:21:30.794988Z 0 [Note] WSREP: discarding pending addr without UUID: tcp://192.168.3.13:4567 2017-06-07T02:21:30.795028Z 0 [Note] WSREP: discarding pending addr proto entry 0x7f16aefcff00 2017-06-07T02:21:30.795060Z 0 [Note] WSREP: discarding pending addr without UUID: tcp://192.168.3.198:4567 2017-06-07T02:21:30.795098Z 0 [Note] WSREP: discarding pending addr proto entry 0x7f16aefcffc0 2017-06-07T02:21:30.795158Z 0 [Note] WSREP: gcomm: connected 2017-06-07T02:21:30.795328Z 0 [Note] WSREP: Shifting CLOSED -> OPEN (TO: 0) 2017-06-07T02:21:30.797700Z 0 [Note] WSREP: Waiting for SST/IST to complete. 2017-06-07T02:21:31.391420Z 0 [Note] WSREP: New COMPONENT: primary = yes, bootstrap = no, my_idx = 0, memb_num = 1 2017-06-07T02:21:32.020639Z 0 [Note] WSREP: Starting new group from scratch: 05719dfe-4b28-11e7-a651-ab4ab48f9b60 2017-06-07T02:21:32.021473Z 0 [Note] WSREP: STATE_EXCHANGE: sent state UUID: 0571c6e9-4b28-11e7-b20d-5a8bf004e006 2017-06-07T02:21:32.021523Z 0 [Note] WSREP: STATE EXCHANGE: sent state msg: 0571c6e9-4b28-11e7-b20d-5a8bf004e006 2017-06-07T02:21:32.021547Z 0 [Note] WSREP: STATE EXCHANGE: got state msg: 0571c6e9-4b28-11e7-b20d-5a8bf004e006 from 0 (pxc01) 2017-06-07T02:21:32.021571Z 0 [Note] WSREP: Quorum results: version = 4, component = PRIMARY, conf_id = 0, members = 1/1 (primary/total), act_id = 0, last_appl. = -1, protocols = 0/7/3 (gcs/repl/appl), group UUID = 05719dfe-4b28-11e7-a651-ab4ab48f9b60 2017-06-07T02:21:32.021599Z 0 [Note] WSREP: Flow-control interval: [100, 100] 2017-06-07T02:21:32.021615Z 0 [Note] WSREP: Restored state OPEN -> JOINED (0) 2017-06-07T02:21:32.021976Z 0 [Note] WSREP: Member 0.0 (pxc01) synced with group. 2017-06-07T02:21:32.022019Z 0 [Note] WSREP: Shifting JOINED -> SYNCED (TO: 0) 2017-06-07T02:21:32.022101Z 2 [Note] WSREP: New cluster view: global state: 05719dfe-4b28-11e7-a651-ab4ab48f9b60:0, view# 1: Primary, number of nodes: 1, my index: 0, protocol version 3 2017-06-07T02:21:32.023374Z 0 [Note] WSREP: SST complete, seqno: 0 2017-06-07T02:21:32.535748Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: PUNCH HOLE support available 2017-06-07T02:21:32.535815Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins 2017-06-07T02:21:32.535826Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Uses event mutexes 2017-06-07T02:21:32.535832Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: GCC builtin __sync_synchronize() is used for memory barrier 2017-06-07T02:21:32.535837Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3 2017-06-07T02:21:32.535842Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO 2017-06-07T02:21:32.536865Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Number of pools: 1 2017-06-07T02:21:32.536999Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions 2017-06-07T02:21:33.194918Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, total size = 1G, instances = 8, chunk size = 128M 2017-06-07T02:21:41.225447Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool 2017-06-07T02:21:45.228192Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: If the mysqld execution user is authorized, page cleaner thread priority can be changed. See the man page of setpriority(). 2017-06-07T02:21:45.554968Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Crash recovery did not find the parallel doublewrite buffer at /data/mysql/data/xb_doublewrite 2017-06-07T02:21:45.556158Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda. 2017-06-07T02:21:47.397187Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Created parallel doublewrite buffer at /data/mysql/data/xb_doublewrite, size 31457280 bytes 2017-06-07T02:21:47.700377Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Creating shared tablespace for temporary tables 2017-06-07T02:21:47.700541Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file './ibtmp1' size to 12 MB. Physically writing the file full; Please wait ... 2017-06-07T02:21:48.413452Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: File './ibtmp1' size is now 12 MB. 2017-06-07T02:21:48.414626Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: 96 redo rollback segment(s) found. 96 redo rollback segment(s) are active. 2017-06-07T02:21:48.414664Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: 32 non-redo rollback segment(s) are active. 2017-06-07T02:21:48.416853Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start 2017-06-07T02:21:48.468115Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Percona XtraDB (http://www.percona.com) 5.7.18-15 started; log sequence number 2542677 2017-06-07T02:21:48.468456Z 0 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled. 2017-06-07T02:21:48.468710Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Loading buffer pool(s) from /data/mysql/data/ib_buffer_pool 2017-06-07T02:21:48.472685Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) load completed at 170607 10:21:48 2017-06-07T02:21:48.477798Z 0 [Note] Found ca.pem, server-cert.pem and server-key.pem in data directory. Trying to enable SSL support using them. 2017-06-07T02:21:48.477886Z 0 [Note] Skipping generation of SSL certificates as certificate files are present in data directory. 2017-06-07T02:21:48.515627Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed. 2017-06-07T02:21:48.544887Z 0 [Note] Skipping generation of RSA key pair as key files are present in data directory. 2017-06-07T02:21:48.545210Z 0 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '*'; port: 3306 2017-06-07T02:21:48.545499Z 0 [Note] IPv6 is available. 2017-06-07T02:21:48.545557Z 0 [Note] - '::' resolves to '::'; 2017-06-07T02:21:48.545717Z 0 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '::'. 2017-06-07T02:21:48.611502Z 0 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events 2017-06-07T02:21:48.651338Z 2 [Note] WSREP: Initialized wsrep sidno 2 2017-06-07T02:21:48.651403Z 2 [Note] WSREP: wsrep_notify_cmd is not defined, skipping notification. 2017-06-07T02:21:48.651443Z 2 [Note] WSREP: REPL Protocols: 7 (3, 2) 2017-06-07T02:21:48.651455Z 2 [Note] WSREP: Assign initial position for certification: 0, protocol version: 3 2017-06-07T02:21:48.651862Z 0 [Note] WSREP: Service thread queue flushed. 2017-06-07T02:21:48.765979Z 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld: ready for connections. Version: '5.7.18-15-57' socket: '/data/mysql/mysql.sock' port: 3306 Percona XtraDB Cluster (GPL), Release rel15, Revision 7693d6e, WSREP version 29.20, wsrep_29.20 2017-06-07T02:21:48.766032Z 0 [Note] Executing 'SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES;' to get a list of tables using the deprecated partition engine. You may use the startup option '--disable-partition-engine-check' to skip this check. 2017-06-07T02:21:48.766043Z 0 [Note] Beginning of list of non-natively partitioned tables 2017-06-07T02:21:48.766034Z 2 [Note] WSREP: GCache history reset: old(00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000:0) -> new(05719dfe-4b28-11e7-a651-ab4ab48f9b60:0) 2017-06-07T02:21:48.767985Z 2 [Note] WSREP: Synchronized with group, ready for connections 2017-06-07T02:21:48.768012Z 2 [Note] WSREP: wsrep_notify_cmd is not defined, skipping notification. 2017-06-07T02:21:48.824186Z 0 [Note] End of list of non-natively partitioned tables
去error.log日志搜索关键字password找到默认root密码，登录后修改密码(如果不修改密码无法进行其他sql操作)
2017-06-07T02:21:11.228127Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: eu1-!5WyRw<7
修改密码：
# mysql -S /data/mysql/mysql.sock -uroot -peu1-!5WyRw<7 mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
第一节点启动后，检查cluster的状态。
当前第一节点是Primary。
mysql> show status like '%wsrep%'; +----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | wsrep_local_state_uuid | 05719dfe-4b28-11e7-a651-ab4ab48f9b60 | | wsrep_protocol_version | 7 | | wsrep_last_committed | 1 | | wsrep_replicated | 1 | | wsrep_replicated_bytes | 230 | | wsrep_repl_keys | 1 | | wsrep_repl_keys_bytes | 31 | | wsrep_repl_data_bytes | 135 | | wsrep_repl_other_bytes | 0 | | wsrep_received | 2 | | wsrep_received_bytes | 141 | | wsrep_local_commits | 0 | | wsrep_local_cert_failures | 0 | | wsrep_local_replays | 0 | | wsrep_local_send_queue | 0 | | wsrep_local_send_queue_max | 1 | | wsrep_local_send_queue_min | 0 | | wsrep_local_send_queue_avg | 0.000000 | | wsrep_local_recv_queue | 0 | | wsrep_local_recv_queue_max | 1 | | wsrep_local_recv_queue_min | 0 | | wsrep_local_recv_queue_avg | 0.000000 | | wsrep_local_cached_downto | 1 | | wsrep_flow_control_paused_ns | 0 | | wsrep_flow_control_paused | 0.000000 | | wsrep_flow_control_sent | 0 | | wsrep_flow_control_recv | 0 | | wsrep_flow_control_interval | [ 100, 100 ] | | wsrep_flow_control_interval_low | 100 | | wsrep_flow_control_interval_high | 100 | | wsrep_flow_control_status | OFF | | wsrep_cert_deps_distance | 1.000000 | | wsrep_apply_oooe | 0.000000 | | wsrep_apply_oool | 0.000000 | | wsrep_apply_window | 1.000000 | | wsrep_commit_oooe | 0.000000 | | wsrep_commit_oool | 0.000000 | | wsrep_commit_window | 1.000000 | | wsrep_local_state | 4 | | wsrep_local_state_comment | Synced | | wsrep_cert_index_size | 1 | | wsrep_cert_bucket_count | 22 | | wsrep_gcache_pool_size | 1590 | | wsrep_causal_reads | 0 | | wsrep_cert_interval | 0.000000 | | wsrep_ist_receive_status | | | wsrep_ist_receive_seqno_start | 0 | | wsrep_ist_receive_seqno_current | 0 | | wsrep_ist_receive_seqno_end | 0 | | wsrep_incoming_addresses | 192.168.3.12:3306 | | wsrep_desync_count | 0 | | wsrep_evs_delayed | | | wsrep_evs_evict_list | | | wsrep_evs_repl_latency | 1.8541e-05/1.8541e-05/1.8541e-05/0/1 | | wsrep_evs_state | OPERATIONAL | | wsrep_gcomm_uuid | 04b5f0f9-4b28-11e7-aff6-522901b34a55 | | wsrep_cluster_conf_id | 1 | | wsrep_cluster_size | 1 | | wsrep_cluster_state_uuid | 05719dfe-4b28-11e7-a651-ab4ab48f9b60 | | wsrep_cluster_status | Primary | | wsrep_connected | ON | | wsrep_local_bf_aborts | 0 | | wsrep_local_index | 0 | | wsrep_provider_name | Galera | | wsrep_provider_vendor | Codership Oy <info@codership.com> | | wsrep_provider_version | 3.20(r7e383f7) | | wsrep_ready | ON | +----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
第一节点创建后，其他节点初始化，需要使用xtrabackup工具来备份，然后恢复。
所以，需要创建一个用户用于备份。
mysql> create user 'sstuser'@'localhost' identified by 'sstuser'; mysql> grant reload,lock tables,replication client,process on *.* to 'sstuser'@'localhost'; mysql> flush privileges;
验证sstuser登录
[root@master ~]# mysql -usstuser -psstuser -S /data/mysql/mysql.sock -e 'show databases' Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+
启动第二节点
# /etc/init.d/mysql start
确认第二节点的状态
# mysql -usstuser -psstuser -S /data/mysql/mysql.sock -e 'show status like "wsrep%"' Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. +----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | wsrep_local_state_uuid | 05719dfe-4b28-11e7-a651-ab4ab48f9b60 | | wsrep_protocol_version | 7 | | wsrep_last_committed | 4 | | wsrep_replicated | 4 | | wsrep_replicated_bytes | 950 | | wsrep_repl_keys | 4 | | wsrep_repl_keys_bytes | 124 | | wsrep_repl_data_bytes | 570 | | wsrep_repl_other_bytes | 0 | | wsrep_received | 6 | | wsrep_received_bytes | 423 | | wsrep_local_commits | 0 | | wsrep_local_cert_failures | 0 | | wsrep_local_replays | 0 | | wsrep_local_send_queue | 0 | | wsrep_local_send_queue_max | 1 | | wsrep_local_send_queue_min | 0 | | wsrep_local_send_queue_avg | 0.000000 | | wsrep_local_recv_queue | 0 | | wsrep_local_recv_queue_max | 1 | | wsrep_local_recv_queue_min | 0 | | wsrep_local_recv_queue_avg | 0.000000 | | wsrep_local_cached_downto | 1 | | wsrep_flow_control_paused_ns | 0 | | wsrep_flow_control_paused | 0.000000 | | wsrep_flow_control_sent | 0 | | wsrep_flow_control_recv | 0 | | wsrep_flow_control_interval | [ 141, 141 ] | | wsrep_flow_control_interval_low | 141 | | wsrep_flow_control_interval_high | 141 | | wsrep_flow_control_status | OFF | | wsrep_cert_deps_distance | 1.000000 | | wsrep_apply_oooe | 0.000000 | | wsrep_apply_oool | 0.000000 | | wsrep_apply_window | 1.000000 | | wsrep_commit_oooe | 0.000000 | | wsrep_commit_oool | 0.000000 | | wsrep_commit_window | 1.000000 | | wsrep_local_state | 4 | | wsrep_local_state_comment | Synced | | wsrep_cert_index_size | 1 | | wsrep_cert_bucket_count | 22 | | wsrep_gcache_pool_size | 2561 | | wsrep_causal_reads | 0 | | wsrep_cert_interval | 0.000000 | | wsrep_ist_receive_status | | | wsrep_ist_receive_seqno_start | 0 | | wsrep_ist_receive_seqno_current | 0 | | wsrep_ist_receive_seqno_end | 0 | | wsrep_incoming_addresses | 192.168.3.12:3306,192.168.3.13:3306 | | wsrep_desync_count | 0 | | wsrep_evs_delayed | | | wsrep_evs_evict_list | | | wsrep_evs_repl_latency | 0/0/0/0/0 | | wsrep_evs_state | OPERATIONAL | | wsrep_gcomm_uuid | 04b5f0f9-4b28-11e7-aff6-522901b34a55 | | wsrep_cluster_conf_id | 2 | | wsrep_cluster_size | 2 | | wsrep_cluster_state_uuid | 05719dfe-4b28-11e7-a651-ab4ab48f9b60 | | wsrep_cluster_status | Primary | | wsrep_connected | ON | | wsrep_local_bf_aborts | 0 | | wsrep_local_index | 0 | | wsrep_provider_name | Galera | | wsrep_provider_vendor | Codership Oy <info@codership.com> | | wsrep_provider_version | 3.20(r7e383f7) | | wsrep_ready | ON | +----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
启动第三节点
# /etc/init.d/mysql start
确定状态
[root@slave02 ~]# mysql -S /data/mysql/mysql.sock -usstuser -psstuser -e 'show status like "wsrep%"'; Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. +----------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +----------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------+ | wsrep_local_state_uuid | 05719dfe-4b28-11e7-a651-ab4ab48f9b60 | | wsrep_protocol_version | 7 | | wsrep_last_committed | 4 | | wsrep_replicated | 0 | | wsrep_replicated_bytes | 0 | | wsrep_repl_keys | 0 | | wsrep_repl_keys_bytes | 0 | | wsrep_repl_data_bytes | 0 | | wsrep_repl_other_bytes | 0 | | wsrep_received | 3 | | wsrep_received_bytes | 288 | | wsrep_local_commits | 0 | | wsrep_local_cert_failures | 0 | | wsrep_local_replays | 0 | | wsrep_local_send_queue | 0 | | wsrep_local_send_queue_max | 1 | | wsrep_local_send_queue_min | 0 | | wsrep_local_send_queue_avg | 0.000000 | | wsrep_local_recv_queue | 0 | | wsrep_local_recv_queue_max | 1 | | wsrep_local_recv_queue_min | 0 | | wsrep_local_recv_queue_avg | 0.000000 | | wsrep_local_cached_downto | 0 | | wsrep_flow_control_paused_ns | 0 | | wsrep_flow_control_paused | 0.000000 | | wsrep_flow_control_sent | 0 | | wsrep_flow_control_recv | 0 | | wsrep_flow_control_interval | [ 173, 173 ] | | wsrep_flow_control_interval_low | 173 | | wsrep_flow_control_interval_high | 173 | | wsrep_flow_control_status | OFF | | wsrep_cert_deps_distance | 0.000000 | | wsrep_apply_oooe | 0.000000 | | wsrep_apply_oool | 0.000000 | | wsrep_apply_window | 0.000000 | | wsrep_commit_oooe | 0.000000 | | wsrep_commit_oool | 0.000000 | | wsrep_commit_window | 0.000000 | | wsrep_local_state | 4 | | wsrep_local_state_comment | Synced | | wsrep_cert_index_size | 0 | | wsrep_cert_bucket_count | 22 | | wsrep_gcache_pool_size | 1452 | | wsrep_causal_reads | 0 | | wsrep_cert_interval | 0.000000 | | wsrep_ist_receive_status | | | wsrep_ist_receive_seqno_start | 0 | | wsrep_ist_receive_seqno_current | 0 | | wsrep_ist_receive_seqno_end | 0 | | wsrep_incoming_addresses | 192.168.3.12:3306,192.168.3.13:3306,192.168.3.198:3306 | | wsrep_desync_count | 0 | | wsrep_evs_delayed | | | wsrep_evs_evict_list | | | wsrep_evs_repl_latency | 0/0/0/0/0 | | wsrep_evs_state | OPERATIONAL | | wsrep_gcomm_uuid | ca7f9f30-4b2b-11e7-a0b7-e29969825862 | | wsrep_cluster_conf_id | 3 | | wsrep_cluster_size | 3 | | wsrep_cluster_state_uuid | 05719dfe-4b28-11e7-a651-ab4ab48f9b60 | | wsrep_cluster_status | Primary | | wsrep_connected | ON | | wsrep_local_bf_aborts | 0 | | wsrep_local_index | 2 | | wsrep_provider_name | Galera | | wsrep_provider_vendor | Codership Oy <info@codership.com> | | wsrep_provider_version | 3.20(r7e383f7) | | wsrep_ready | ON | +----------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
简单测试：
在pxc03上创建数据库tdoa，并在上面建表，且插入几条数据
mysql> create database tdoa charset='utf8mb4'; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec) mysql> use tdoa; Database changed mysql> create table user(id int unsigned primary key auto_increment,name varchar(30)); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) mysql> show tables; +----------------+ | Tables_in_tdoa | +----------------+ | user | +----------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into user(name) values('jack'),('tom'),('lily'),('lucy'); Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.07 sec) Records: 4 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> select * from user; +----+------+ | id | name | +----+------+ | 3 | jack | | 6 | tom | | 9 | lily | | 12 | lucy | +----+------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> commit; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from user; +----+------+ | id | name | +----+------+ | 3 | jack | | 6 | tom | | 9 | lily | | 12 | lucy | +----+------+ 4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
分别在pxc01和pxc02上查看是否有这个表和数据，可以看到数据能够正常同步
[root@master ~]# mysql -S /data/mysql/mysql.sock -uroot -p123456 -e 'use tdoa;show tables;select * from user;' Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. +----------------+ | Tables_in_tdoa | +----------------+ | user | +----------------+ +----+------+ | id | name | +----+------+ | 3 | jack | | 6 | tom | | 9 | lily | | 12 | lucy | [root@slave01 ~]# mysql -S /data/mysql/mysql.sock -uroot -p123456 -e 'use tdoa;show tables;select * from user;' Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. +----------------+ | Tables_in_tdoa | +----------------+ | user | +----------------+ +----+------+ | id | name | +----+------+ | 3 | jack | | 6 | tom | | 9 | lily | | 12 | lucy | +----+------+
至此，PXC安装启动完毕。