C# 读写Excel
昨天公司一个部门要个小程序，要读写Excel,在网上搜了不少资料，结果程序做完了却在网上发现一个c#读写Excel的类，收藏了，呵呵
- //1.添加引用-〉com-〉microsoft excel 11.0
- //2.若出现错误:命名空间“Microsoft.Office”中不存在类型或命名空间名称“Interop”(是缺少程序集引用吗?)
- //解决方法：先删除引用中的Excel,然后找到文件Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.dll，手动添加该文件的引用
- using System;
- using System.Data;
- using System.Reflection;
- using System.IO;
- using Microsoft.Office.Core;
- using System.Windows.Forms;
- using Excel = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;
- namespace Wage.Common
- {
- ///
- /// 作者：李爱民
- /// 功能描述：对Excel报表进行操作
- /// 创建时间：2006－01－17, 修改时间：２００７－１－１4
- /// 说明：在工程中需要添加 Excel11.0对象库的引用（Office 2000为Excel9.0，Office XP为Excel10.0）；
- /// 需要在Dcom中配置Excel应用程序的权限；
- /// 服务器需要安装Office2003
- ///
- public class ExcelLib
- {
- //http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/dv_wrcore/html/wrgrfexcelapplicationobject.asp
- #region Variables
- private Excel.Application excelApplication = null;
- private Excel.Workbooks excelWorkBooks = null;
- private Excel.Workbook excelWorkBook = null;
- private Excel.Worksheet excelWorkSheet = null;
- private Excel.Range excelRange = null;//Excel Range Object,多种用途
- private Excel.Range excelCopySourceRange = null;//Excel Range Object
- private int excelActiveWorkSheetIndex; //活动工作表索引
- private string excelOpenFileName = ""; //操作Excel的路径
- private string excelSaveFileName = ""; //保存Excel的路径
- #endregion
- #region Properties
- public int ActiveSheetIndex
- {
- get
- {
- return excelActiveWorkSheetIndex;
- }
- set
- {
- excelActiveWorkSheetIndex = value;
- }
- }
- public string OpenFileName
- {
- get
- {
- return excelOpenFileName;
- }
- set
- {
- excelOpenFileName = value;
- }
- }
- public string SaveFileName
- {
- get
- {
- return excelSaveFileName;
- }
- set
- {
- excelSaveFileName = value;
- }
- }
- #endregion
- //
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- ///
- /// 构造函数；
- ///
- public ExcelLib()
- {
- excelApplication = null;//Excel Application Object
- excelWorkBooks = null;//Workbooks
- excelWorkBook = null;//Excel Workbook Object
- excelWorkSheet = null;//Excel Worksheet Object
- ActiveSheetIndex = 1; //默认值活动工作簿为第一个；设置活动工作簿请参阅SetActiveWorkSheet()
- }
- ///
- /// 以excelOpenFileName为模板新建Excel文件
- ///
- public bool OpenExcelFile()
- {
- if (excelApplication != null) CloseExcelApplication();
- //检查文件是否存在
- if (excelOpenFileName == "")
- {
- throw new Exception("请选择文件！");
- }
- if (!File.Exists(excelOpenFileName))
- {
- throw new Exception(excelOpenFileName + "该文件不存在！");//该异常如何处理，由什么处理？？？？
- }
- try
- {
- excelApplication = new Excel.ApplicationClass();
- excelWorkBooks = excelApplication.Workbooks;
- excelWorkBook = ((Excel.Workbook)excelWorkBooks.Open(excelOpenFileName, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value));
- excelWorkSheet = (Excel.Worksheet)excelWorkBook.Worksheets[excelActiveWorkSheetIndex];
- excelApplication.Visible = false;
- return true;
- }
- catch (Exception e)
- {
- CloseExcelApplication();
- MessageBox.Show("(1)没有安装Excel 2003；(2)或没有安装Excel 2003 .NET 可编程性支持；/n详细信息："
- +e.Message, "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
- //throw new Exception(e.Message);
- return false;
- }
- }
- ///
- /// 读取一个Cell的值
- ///
- ///
- ///
- ///
Cell的值 - public string getOneCellValue(int CellRowID, int CellColumnID)
- {
- if (CellRowID <= 0)
- {
- throw new Exception("行索引超出范围！");
- }
- string sValue = "";
- try
- {
- sValue = ((Excel.Range)excelWorkSheet.Cells[CellRowID, CellColumnID]).Text.ToString();
- }
- catch (Exception e)
- {
- CloseExcelApplication();
- throw new Exception(e.Message);
- }
- return (sValue);
- }
- ///
- /// 读取一个连续区域的Cell的值(矩形区域，包含一行或一列,或多行，多列)，返回一个一维字符串数组。
- ///
- ///
- ///
- ///
值的集合 - public string[] getCellsValue(string StartCell, string EndCell)
- {
- string[] sValue = null;
- //try
- //{
- excelRange = (Excel.Range)excelWorkSheet.get_Range(StartCell, EndCell);
- sValue = new string[excelRange.Count];
- int rowStartIndex = ((Excel.Range)excelWorkSheet.get_Range(StartCell, StartCell)).Row; //起始行号
- int columnStartIndex = ((Excel.Range)excelWorkSheet.get_Range(StartCell, StartCell)).Column; //起始列号
- int rowNum = excelRange.Rows.Count; //行数目
- int columnNum = excelRange.Columns.Count; //列数目
- int index = 0;
- for (int i = rowStartIndex; i < rowStartIndex + rowNum; i++)
- {
- for (int j = columnStartIndex; j < columnNum + columnStartIndex; j++)
- {
- //读到空值null和读到空串""分别处理
- sValue[index] = ((Excel.Range)excelWorkSheet.Cells[i, j]).Text.ToString();
- index++;
- }
- }
- //}
- //catch (Exception e)
- //{
- // CloseExcelApplication();
- // throw new Exception(e.Message);
- //}
- return (sValue);
- }
- ///
- /// 读取所有单元格的数据(矩形区域)，返回一个datatable.假设所有单元格靠工作表左上区域。
- ///
- public DataTable getAllCellsValue()
- {
- int columnCount = getTotalColumnCount();
- int rowCount = getTotalRowCount();
- DataTable dt = new DataTable();
- //设置datatable列的名称
- for (int columnID = 1; columnID <= columnCount; columnID++)
- {
- dt.Columns.Add(((Excel.Range)excelWorkSheet.Cells[1, columnID]).Text.ToString());
- }
- for (int rowID = 2; rowID <= rowCount; rowID++)
- {
- DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
- for (int columnID = 1; columnID <= columnCount; columnID++)
- {
- dr[columnID - 1] = ((Excel.Range)excelWorkSheet.Cells[rowID, columnID]).Text.ToString();
- //读到空值null和读到空串""分别处理
- }
- dt.Rows.Add(dr);
- }
- return (dt);
- }
- public int getTotalRowCount()
- {//当前活动工作表中有效行数(总行数)
- int rowsNumber = 0;
- try
- {
- while (true)
- {
- if (((Excel.Range)excelWorkSheet.Cells[rowsNumber + 1, 1]).Text.ToString().Trim() == "" &
- ((Excel.Range)excelWorkSheet.Cells[rowsNumber + 2, 1]).Text.ToString().Trim() == "" &
- ((Excel.Range)excelWorkSheet.Cells[rowsNumber + 3, 1]).Text.ToString().Trim() == "")
- break;
- rowsNumber++;
- }
- }
- catch
- {
- return -1;
- }
- return rowsNumber;
- }
- ///
- /// 当前活动工作表中有效列数(总列数)
- ///
- ///
- public int getTotalColumnCount()
- {
- int columnNumber = 0;
- try
- {
- while (true)
- {
- if (((Excel.Range)excelWorkSheet.Cells[1, columnNumber + 1]).Text.ToString().Trim() == "" &
- ((Excel.Range)excelWorkSheet.Cells[1, columnNumber + 2]).Text.ToString().Trim() == "" &
- ((Excel.Range)excelWorkSheet.Cells[1, columnNumber + 3]).Text.ToString().Trim() == "")
- break;
- columnNumber++;
- }
- }
- catch
- {
- return -1;
- }
- return columnNumber;
- }
- ///
- /// 向一个Cell写入数据
- ///
- ///
- ///
- ///
- public void setOneCellValue(int CellRowID, int CellColumnID, string Value)
- {
- try
- {
- excelRange = (Excel.Range)excelWorkSheet.Cells[CellRowID, CellColumnID];
- excelRange.Value2 = Value;//Value2?
- //Gets or sets the value of the NamedRange control.
- //The only difference between this property and the Value property is that Value2 is not a parameterized property.
- excelRange = null;
- }
- catch (Exception e)
- {
- CloseExcelApplication();
- throw new Exception(e.Message);
- }
- }
- ///
- /// 设置活动工作表
- ///
- ///
- public void SetActiveWorkSheet(int SheetIndex)
- {
- if (SheetIndex <= 0)
- {
- throw new Exception("索引超出范围！");
- }
- try
- {
- ActiveSheetIndex = SheetIndex;
- excelWorkSheet = (Excel.Worksheet)excelWorkBook.Worksheets[ActiveSheetIndex];
- }
- catch (Exception e)
- {
- CloseExcelApplication();
- throw new Exception(e.Message);
- }
- }
- ///
- /// 向连续区域一次性写入数据；只有在区域连续和写入的值相同的情况下可以使用方法
- ///
- ///
- ///
- ///
- public void setCellsValue(string StartCell, string EndCell, string Value)
- {
- try
- {
- excelRange = excelWorkSheet.get_Range(StartCell, EndCell);
- excelRange.Value2 = Value;
- excelRange = null;
- }
- catch (Exception e)
- {
- CloseExcelApplication();
- throw new Exception(e.Message);
- }
- }
- ///
- /// 给一行写数据
- ///
- public void setOneLineValues(int LineID, int StartCellColumnID, int EndCellColumnID, string[] Values)////已经测试
- {
- //用1-19号元素
- //if (Values.Length!=EndCellColumnID-StartCellColumnID)
- //{
- // throw new Exception("单元格数目与提供的值的数目不一致！");
- //}
- for (int i = StartCellColumnID; i <= EndCellColumnID; i++)
- {
- setOneCellValue(LineID, i, Values[i]);
- }
- }
- public void setCellsBorder(string startCell, string endCell)
- {
- //设置某个范围内的单元格的边框
- excelRange = excelWorkSheet.get_Range(startCell, endCell);
- excelRange.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeLeft].LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;
- excelRange.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeTop].LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;
- excelRange.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeRight].LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;
- excelRange.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeBottom].LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;
- excelRange.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideVertical].LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;
- //excelRange.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideHorizontal].LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;
- }
- public void setOneCellBorder(int CellRowID, int CellColumnID)
- {
- //设置某个单元格的边框
- excelRange = (Excel.Range)excelWorkSheet.Cells[CellRowID, CellColumnID];
- excelRange.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeLeft].LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;
- excelRange.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeTop].LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;
- excelRange.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeRight].LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;
- excelRange.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeBottom].LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;
- //excelRange.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideVertical].LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;
- //excelRange.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideHorizontal].LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;
- }
- public void SetColumnWidth(string startCell, string endCell, int size)
- {
- //设置某个范围内的单元格的列的宽度
- excelRange = excelWorkSheet.get_Range(startCell, endCell);
- excelRange.ColumnWidth = size;
- }
- public void SetOneCellFont(int CellRowID, int CellColumnID, string fontName, int fontSize)
- {
- excelRange = (Excel.Range)excelWorkSheet.Cells[CellRowID, CellColumnID];
- excelRange.Font.Name = fontName;
- excelRange.Font.Size = fontSize;
- }
- public void SetOneCellHorizontalAlignment(int CellRowID, int CellColumnID, Excel.Constants alignment)
- {
- excelRange = (Excel.Range)excelWorkSheet.Cells[CellRowID, CellColumnID];
- excelRange.HorizontalAlignment = alignment;
- }
- public void SetOneCellColumnWidth(int CellRowID, int CellColumnID, int size)
- {
- //设置某个单元格的列的宽度
- excelRange = (Excel.Range)excelWorkSheet.Cells[CellRowID, CellColumnID];
- excelRange.ColumnWidth = size;
- }
- ///
- /// 设置一个Cell的数据格式
- ///
- ///
- ///
- ///
- public void setOneCellNumberFormat(int CellRowID, int CellColumnID, string numberFormat)
- {
- try
- {
- excelRange = (Excel.Range)excelWorkSheet.Cells[CellRowID, CellColumnID];
- excelRange.NumberFormatLocal = numberFormat;
- excelRange = null;
- }
- catch (Exception e)
- {
- CloseExcelApplication();
- throw new Exception(e.Message);
- }
- }
- public void SetRowHeight(string startCell, string endCell, int size)
- {
- //设置某个范围内的单元格的行的高度
- excelRange = excelWorkSheet.get_Range(startCell, endCell);
- excelRange.RowHeight = size;
- }
- public void SetRowHeight(int CellRowID, int CellColumnID, float size)
- {
- //设置某个范围内的单元格的行的高度
- excelRange = (Excel.Range)excelWorkSheet.Cells[CellRowID, CellColumnID];
- excelRange.RowHeight = size;
- }
- public void SetOneCellRowHeight(int CellRowID, int CellColumnID, int size)
- {
- //设置某个单元格的行的高度
- excelRange = (Excel.Range)excelWorkSheet.Cells[CellRowID, CellColumnID];
- excelRange.RowHeight = size;
- }
- ///
- /// 拷贝区域.限制：在同一个工作表中复制
- ///
- ///
- ///
- ///
- ///
- public void CopyCells(string SourceStart, string SourceEnd, string DesStart, string DesEnd)
- {
- try
- {
- excelCopySourceRange = excelWorkSheet.get_Range(SourceStart, SourceEnd);
- excelRange = excelWorkSheet.get_Range(DesStart, DesEnd);
- excelCopySourceRange.Copy(excelRange);
- excelCopySourceRange = null;
- excelRange = null;
- }
- catch (Exception e)
- {
- CloseExcelApplication();
- throw new Exception(e.Message);
- }
- }
- public void CopyWorksheet(int SourceWorksheetIndex, int DesWorksheetIndex)
- {
- try
- {
- // Sheets("Sheet2").Select
- //Sheets("Sheet2").Copy After:=Sheets(3)
- Excel.Worksheet sheetSource = (Excel.Worksheet)excelWorkBook.Worksheets[SourceWorksheetIndex];
- sheetSource.Select(Missing.Value);
- Excel.Worksheet sheetDest = (Excel.Worksheet)excelWorkBook.Worksheets[DesWorksheetIndex];
- sheetSource.Copy(Missing.Value, sheetDest);
- }
- catch (Exception e)
- {
- CloseExcelApplication();
- throw new Exception(e.Message);
- }
- }
- ///
- /// 插入一行
- ///
- ///
- ///
- public void InsertRow(int CellRowID, int RowNum)//插入空行
- {
- if (CellRowID <= 0)
- {
- throw new Exception("行索引超出范围！");
- }
- if (RowNum <= 0)
- {
- throw new Exception("插入行数无效！");
- }
- try
- {
- excelRange = (Excel.Range)excelWorkSheet.Rows[CellRowID, Missing.Value];
- for (int i = 0; i < RowNum; i++)
- {
- excelRange.Insert(Excel.XlDirection.xlDown, Missing.Value);
- }
- excelRange = null;
- }
- catch (Exception e)
- {
- CloseExcelApplication();
- throw new Exception(e.Message);
- }
- }
- ///
- /// 保存Excel文件
- ///
- public Excel.Range FindFirstRange(Excel.Range xlRange, string FindText)//查找//没有测试
- {
- //查找第一个满足的区域
- //Search for the first match
- Excel.Range firstFind = null;
- firstFind = xlRange.Find(FindText, Missing.Value, Excel.XlFindLookIn.xlValues, Excel.XlLookAt.xlPart, Excel.XlSearchOrder.xlByRows, Excel.XlSearchDirection.xlNext, false, Missing.Value, Missing.Value);
- return firstFind; //如果没找到，返回空
- }
- //http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/en-us/dv_wrcore/html/wrtskHowToSearchForTextInWorksheetRanges.asp?frame=true
- ///
- /// 当前活动工作表中有效行数(总行数)
- ///
- ///
- ///
- /// 判断单元格是否有数据
- ///
- public bool CellValueIsNull(int CellLineID, int CellColumnID)////已经测试
- {
- //判断单元格是否有数据
- if ((((Excel.Range)excelWorkSheet.Cells[CellLineID, CellColumnID]).Text.ToString().Trim() != ""))
- return false;
- return true;
- }
- public void newWorkbook(string excelTemplate, string fileName)
- {
- //以excelTemplate为模板新建文件fileName
- //excelApplication.
- excelWorkBook = excelWorkBooks.Add(excelTemplate);
- SaveFileName = "";
- SaveExcel();
- }
- public void newWorksheet()
- {
- excelWorkBook.Worksheets.Add(Missing.Value, Missing.Value, 1, Missing.Value);
- }
- public void setWorksheetName(int sheetIndex, string worksheetName)
- {
- // Missing.Value
- Excel._Worksheet sheet = (Excel._Worksheet)(excelWorkBook.Worksheets[(object)sheetIndex]);
- sheet.Name = worksheetName;
- }
- public void mergeOneLineCells(string startCell, string endCell)
- {
- //合并一行单元格
- excelRange = excelWorkSheet.get_Range(startCell, endCell);
- //excelRange.Merge(true);
- excelRange.MergeCells = true;
- }
- public void HorizontalAlignmentCells(string startCell, string endCell, Excel.Constants alignment)
- {
- //水平对齐一行单元格
- excelRange = excelWorkSheet.get_Range(startCell, endCell);
- excelRange.HorizontalAlignment = alignment;
- }
- public void VerticalAlignmentCells(string startCell, string endCell, Excel.Constants alignment)
- {
- //垂直对齐一行单元格
- excelRange = excelWorkSheet.get_Range(startCell, endCell);
- excelRange.VerticalAlignment = alignment;
- }
- //实现列号-〉字母 (26-〉Z,27->AA)
- private string ConvertColumnIndexToChar(int columnIndex)
- {
- if (columnIndex < 1 || columnIndex > 256)
- {
- MessageBox.Show("columnIndex=" + columnIndex + ",超出了有效范围（1-256）");
- return "A";
- }
- if (columnIndex >= 1 && columnIndex <= 26)//1--26
- {
- return "AA";
- }
- if (columnIndex >= 27 && columnIndex <= 256)//27--256
- {
- return "AA";
- }
- return "A";
- }
- //字母-〉列号 Z-〉26
- public void SaveExcel()
- {
- if (excelSaveFileName == "")
- {
- throw new Exception("未指定要保存的文件名");
- }
- try
- {
- //excelWorkSheet.SaveAs(excelSaveFileName, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value);
- excelWorkSheet.SaveAs(excelSaveFileName, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value);
- }
- catch (Exception e)
- {
- CloseExcelApplication();
- throw new Exception(e.Message);
- }
- }
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- ///
- /// 保存Excel文件，格式xml.
- ///
- public void SaveExcelAsXML()
- {
- if (excelSaveFileName == "")
- {
- throw new Exception("未指定要保存的文件名");
- }
- try
- {
- //excelWorkSheet.SaveAs(excelSaveFileName, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value);
- excelWorkSheet.SaveAs(excelSaveFileName, Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlFileFormat.xlXMLSpreadsheet, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value);
- }
- catch (Exception e)
- {
- CloseExcelApplication();
- throw new Exception(e.Message);
- }
- }
- //--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- ///
- /// 关闭Excel文件，释放对象；最后一定要调用此函数，否则会引起异常
- ///
- ///
- public void CloseExcelApplication()
- {
- try
- {
- excelWorkBooks = null;
- excelWorkBook = null;
- excelWorkSheet = null;
- excelRange = null;
- if (excelApplication != null)
- {
- excelApplication.Workbooks.Close();
- //Object missing = Type.Missing;
- excelApplication.Quit();
- excelApplication = null;
- //ReleaseAllRef(excelApplication);//Error
- }
- }
- finally
- {
- GC.Collect();
- GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();
- GC.Collect();
- GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();
- }
- }
- private void ReleaseAllRef(Object obj)
- {//ReleaseComObject()方法可以使RCW减少一个对COM组件的引用，并返回减少一个引用后RCW对COM组件的剩余引用数量。
- //我们用一个循环，就可以让RCW将所有对COM组件的引用全部去掉。
- try
- {
- while (System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(obj) > 1) ;
- }
- finally
- {
- obj = null;
- }
- }
- }
- }