使用yum方式快速安装mysql服务器(mysql5.6,mysql5.7,mysql8.0)

目录

  • 一 更新rpm软件包
  • 二 选择发行系列
  • 三 安装MySQL
  • 四 初始化mysql账户

一 更新rpm软件包

  1. 在安装之前需要更新我们linux的rpm软件包,下载地址
    使用yum方式快速安装mysql服务器(mysql5.6,mysql5.7,mysql8.0)_第1张图片
  2. 这里需要辨别我们使用的系统是Linux6还是Linux7,在bash中执行如下命令lsb_release -a
    [root@iz8vb7sribf5t1bdc956nxz wordpress]# lsb_release -a
    LSB Version:	:core-4.1-amd64:core-4.1-noarch
    Distributor ID:	CentOS
    Description:	CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core) 
    Release:	7.4.1708
    Codename:	Core
    
    可见本机版本为7.4.1708
  3. 下载对应版本的rpm
    wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
    
  4. 安装rpm包
    sudo yum localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
    [root@iz8vb7sribf5t1bdc956nxz mysql_yum_source]# sudo yum localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm 
    Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
    Examining mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm: mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch
    Marking mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm to be installed
    Resolving Dependencies
    --> Running transaction check
    ---> Package mysql80-community-release.noarch 0:el7-3 will be installed
    --> Finished Dependency Resolution
    
  5. 通过以下命令检查是否已成功添加MySQL Yum存储库:
    yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"
    [root@iz8vb7sribf5t1bdc956nxz mysql_yum_source]# yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-		community.*"
    mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community                 118
    mysql-tools-community/x86_64      MySQL Tools Community                       95
    mysql80-community/x86_64          MySQL 8.0 Community Server                 129
    

二 选择发行系列

  1. 默认情况下,如果直接安装,默认启用最新GA系列,(当前为MySQL 8.0),所以需要修改默认值,启用我们想安装的版本
  2. 使用yum repolist all | grep mysql查看禁用和用状态
    [root@iz8vb7sribf5t1bdc956nxz mysql_yum_source]# yum repolist all | grep mysql
    mysql-cluster-7.5-community/x86_64 MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community   disabled
    .....
    mysql-cluster-8.0-community/x86_64 MySQL Cluster 8.0 Community   disabled
    mysql-cluster-8.0-community-source MySQL Cluster 8.0 Community - disabled
    mysql-connectors-community/x86_64  MySQL Connectors Community    enabled:    118
    mysql-connectors-community-source  MySQL Connectors Community -  disabled
    mysql-tools-community/x86_64       MySQL Tools Community         enabled:     95
    mysql-tools-community-source       MySQL Tools Community - Sourc disabled
    ...
    mysql80-community/x86_64           MySQL 8.0 Community Server    enabled:    129
    mysql80-community-source           MySQL 8.0 Community Server -  disabled
    
    
    disabled禁用,enabled启用
  3. 假如我们现在需要安装mysql5.6,就需要禁止mysql8.0,执行如下命令
    • 安装命令支持包yum-utils: yum -y install yum-utils
    • 禁用mysql8.0 :sudo yum-config-manager --disable mysql80-community
    • 启用mysql5.6:sudo yum-config-manager --enable mysql56-community
    • 再使用如下命令检查是否切换成功:yum repolist enabled | grep mysql
      [root@iz8vb7sribf5t1bdc956nxz mysql_yum_source]# yum repolist enabled | grep mysql
      mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community                 118
      mysql-tools-community/x86_64      MySQL Tools Community                       95
      mysql56-community/x86_64          MySQL 5.6 Community Server                 479
      

三 安装MySQL

  1. 通过以下命令安装MySQL:
    • sudo yum install mysql-community-server
    • 这将安装MySQL服务器的软件包(mysql-community-server)以及运行服务器所需的组件的软件包,包括客户端的软件包(mysql-community-client),客户端和服务器的常见错误消息和字符集(mysql-community-common)以及共享的客户端库(mysql-community-libs)。 。
  2. 启动并验证MySQL服务器
    • 开启服务: sudo service mysqld start
    • 查看服务运行状态:sudo service mysqld status
      [root@iz8vb7sribf5t1bdc956nxz mysql_yum_source]# service mysqld status
      Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status mysqld.service
      ● mysqld.service - MySQL Community Server
      Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
       Active: active (running) since Thu 2019-09-26 11:16:29 CST; 26s ago
       Process: 10832 ExecStartPost=/usr/bin/mysql-systemd-start post (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
       Process: 10772 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysql-systemd-start pre (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
       Main PID: 10831 (mysqld_safe)
      

四 初始化mysql账户

  1. 刚创建数据库,root是没有密码的,我们可以直接登录,执行如下操作
    mysql -u root
  2. 查看此时数据库的所有账户和密码
    mysql> SELECT User, Host, Password FROM mysql.user;
    +------+-------------------------+----------+
    | User | Host                    | Password |
    +------+-------------------------+----------+
    | root | localhost               |          |
    | root | iz8vb7sribf5t1bdc956nxz |          |
    | root | 127.0.0.1               |          |
    | root | ::1                     |          |
    |      | localhost               |          |
    |      | iz8vb7sribf5t1bdc956nxz |          |
    +------+-------------------------+----------+
    6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
    
  3. 分配root帐户密码,使用如下命令哪个版本都可以使用
    • UPDATE mysql.user SET Password = PASSWORD('yourpassword') WHERE User = 'root';
    • 刷新权限:FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
  4. 为了安全性,我们一般都会删除匿名账户
    DROP USER ''@'localhost';
    DROP USER ''@'host_name';
  5. 默认情况下,该mysql.db表包含允许任何用户访问test 名称以开头的数据库和其他数据库的行 test_,我们将这些库删除
    DELETE FROM mysql.db WHERE Db LIKE 'test%';
    DROP DATABASE test;
  6. 我们希望外网连接mysql数据库,执行如下命令
    grant all privileges on *.* to root@"%" identified by "password"
    flush privileges;
    
    • 第一行:
      A. *.*: 第一个*表示数据库,第二个*表示数据表,*.*表示所有数据库中的所有表,用户可以根据自己的应用给特定的数据库授权。
      B. root@"%" : root表示给root帐号授权,"%" 中%号可以指定用户的IP,%表示任意的IP都可以访问。
      C. "password": 是帐户对应的密码,这里是root密码

    • 第二行:
      刷新授权信息,使授权设置立即生效

  • 参考地址:mysql官网

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