如何获取linux-gate.so.1动态库


前面“Linux应用程序Helloworld入门”已经提到在Linux下每个可执行文件都依赖于几个最为基本的动态库,其中一个就是linux-gate.so.1。



从上面ldd给出的结果可以看出,这个linux-gate.so.1动态库有一些异样,libc.so.6的实际动态库路径在/lib/tls/i686/cmov/libc.so.6,而ld-linux.so.2是在/lib/ld-linux.so.2。那么不禁要问一个问题linux-gate.so.1这个动态库的路径是什么,是文件系统中那个文件呢?其实这个文件是内核映射上去的,并非存在实际的动态库文件,对于这个具体问题我们后续再做详细分析,这里仅仅做如何获取linux-gate.so.1动态库的方法。


通常情况下,比如在suse10, suse11系统上,linux-gate.so.1被映射到ffffe000-fffff000这个高端内存段里面。此时将这段内存导出到文件比较简单,可以使用下面脚本,帮助各位导出:

#!/bin/bash VDSO_FILE_NAME=linux-gate.dso cat /proc/self/maps|grep "vdso" VDSO_ADDR=`cat /proc/self/maps|grep "vdso" |awk -F '-' '{print $1 }'` echo "Current VDSO address is 0x$VDSO_ADDR" VDSO_BLOCK=`echo |awk '{print substr("'${VDSO_ADDR}'",1,5)}'` ((SKIP_BLOCKS=16#$VDSO_BLOCK)) echo "We have $SKIP_BLOCKS blocks before VDSO library" echo "Ready to generate $VDSO_FILE_NAME from block $SKIP_BLOCKS" dd if=/proc/self/mem of=$VDSO_FILE_NAME bs=4096 skip=$SKIP_BLOCKS count=1 echo "Generate $VDSO_FILE_NAME Done"


在suse系统上执行的结果:

~> ./cat_linux_gate_so.sh ffffe000-fffff000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 [vdso] Current VDSO address is 0xffffe000 We have 1048574 blocks before VDSO library Ready to generate linux-gate.dso from block 1048574 1+0 records in 1+0 records out 4096 bytes (4.1 kB) copied, 4.2e-05 seconds, 97.5 MB/s Generate linux-gate.dso Done ~> file -b linux-gate.dso ELF 32-bit LSB shared object, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), stripped ~> objdump -T linux-gate.dso linux-gate.dso: 文件格式 elf32-i386 DYNAMIC SYMBOL TABLE: ffffe400 l d .text 00000000 .text ffffe478 l d .eh_frame_hdr 00000000 .eh_frame_hdr ffffe49c l d .eh_frame 00000000 .eh_frame ffffe620 l d .useless 00000000 .useless ffffe400 g DF .text 00000014 LINUX_2.5 __kernel_vsyscall 00000000 g DO *ABS* 00000000 LINUX_2.5 LINUX_2.5 ffffe440 g DF .text 00000007 LINUX_2.5 __kernel_rt_sigreturn ffffe420 g DF .text 00000008 LINUX_2.5 __kernel_sigreturn
在ubuntu 上情况比较复杂,在此也耽误了不少时间,因为ubuntu映射到的内存地址是不固定的,每个进程映射的位置都是不同的。

多次执行:

cat /proc/self/maps|grep "vdso"
b7f47000-b7f48000 r-xp b7f47000 00:00 0 [vdso]

b7f5f000-b7f60000 r-xp b7f5f000 00:00 0 [vdso]

b7f54000-b7f55000 r-xp b7f54000 00:00 0 [vdso]


因此上面脚本无法实现同一个进程内映射内存导出。为了实现同一进程内导出,这里采用简单C编程的方法实现。

基本原理和上面脚本一致,首先通过/proc/self/maps找到vsdo映射内存的地址,然后导出映射内存到文件linux-gate.dso。

int main(int argc, char **argv) { FILE *pFile = NULL; void *paddr = NULL; char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE]; char address[BUFFER_SIZE]; char block[BLOCK_SIZE]; char c; int i, ineedreset, iblocks, iSize; pFile = fopen("/proc/self/maps", "r"); if (NULL == pFile) { printf("/proc/self/maps fopen failed, error!\r\n"); return 1; } /* 查找vdso动态库映射内存位置 */ i = 0; ineedreset = 1; memset(buffer, 0, BUFFER_SIZE); while(1) { c = fgetc (pFile); if (c != EOF) { printf("%c", c); if (c == '\r' || c == '\n') { i = 0; ineedreset = 1; } else { if (ineedreset) { if (NULL != strstr(buffer, "vdso")) { printf("I have got vdso section.\r\n"); break; } memset(buffer, 0, BUFFER_SIZE); ineedreset = 0; } buffer[i++] = c; } }else { break; } } printf("vsdo line is:%s\r\n", buffer); fclose(pFile); pFile = NULL; /* 获取起始地址 */ memset(address, 0, BUFFER_SIZE); for (i = 0; buffer[i] != '-'; i++) { address[i] = buffer[i]; if (buffer[i] == '-') break; } paddr = (void *) Hex2Ulong(address); printf("Current VDSO address is 0x%x\r\n", paddr); iblocks = (unsigned long)paddr / BLOCK_SIZE; printf("We have %d blocks before VDSO library\r\n", iblocks); printf("Ready to generate linux-gate.dso from block %d\r\n", iblocks); /* 导出vdso动态文件 */ pFile = fopen("./linux-gate.dso", "w"); if (NULL == pFile) { printf("fopen linux-gate.dso failed, exit!\r\n"); return 1; } printf("Head:0x%x-%c-%c-%c\r\n", *((char *)paddr + 0),*((char *)paddr + 1),*((char *)paddr + 2),*((char *)paddr + 3)); memcpy(block, paddr, BLOCK_SIZE); iSize = fwrite(block, 1, BLOCK_SIZE, pFile); if (BLOCK_SIZE != iSize) { perror("fwrite error:\r\n"); } printf("copy %d/%d bytes from 0x%x to the file\r\n", iSize, BLOCK_SIZE, paddr); fclose(pFile); printf("Generate linux-gate.dso Done\r\n"); return 0; }


 然后看下导出的结果:



这样我们就能在动态映射的情况下也能导出动态库。app_linux_gate_so.c如果做适当修改就能导出所有映射的动态内存库,用于DEBUG和验证了。


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