总览:纵观k8s的整个安装过程,国内受到最大的制约就是“墙”的问题,所以已经实现科学上网的小伙伴应该不会有安装问题,这里主要介绍如果跳过“墙”的限制来实现k8s的安装。
1.按照惯例,首先介绍一下系统配置信息:
root@Virtual-Machine:/home# lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS
Release: 18.04
Codename: bionic
root@Virtual-Machine:/home# docker -v
Docker version 19.03.6, build 369ce74a3c
2.安装之前的准备:
关闭防火墙:ufw enable
关闭swap: swapoff -a
sed -i 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab
网上有很多说要改host名称的,改不改都无所谓,不影响,只是改了之后知道哪个主机是master,那些是node。
3.安装kubelet,kubectl,kubeadm
打开apt源文件:
vim /etc/apt/sources.list
添加如下:
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial main
然后更新apt源:
apt-get update
安装kube:
apt-get install -y kubelet=1.18.0-00 kubeadm=1.18.0-00 kubectl=1.18.0-00
注意:这里改成1.18.0版本是为kubeadm init做的需求,也可以不加版本号,直接apt-get install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl,但是由于没有找到当前最新版本-1.18.6的kubeadm init需要的镜像,所以下载1.18.0版本。
4.启动master节点
启动master节点需要执行:kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=v1.18.0 --pod-network-cidr=10.10.0.0/16 --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.0.188,但是由于“墙”,只能手动下载1.18.0的镜像。
查询需要的镜像:
root@Virtual-Machine:/home# kubeadm config images list --kubernetes-version v1.18.0
k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.18.0
k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.18.0
k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.18.0
k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.18.0
k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.2
k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.4.3-0
k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.6.7
拉取镜像:
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver:v1.18.0
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-controller-manager:v1.18.0
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-scheduler:v1.18.0
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy:v1.18.0
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.2
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/etcd:3.4.3-0
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:1.6.7
给镜像改名:
docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver:v1.18.0 k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.18.0
docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-controller-manager:v1.18.0 k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.18.0
docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-scheduler:v1.18.0 k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.18.0
docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy:v1.18.0 k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.18.0
docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.2 k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.2
docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/etcd:3.4.3-0 k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.4.3-0
docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:1.6.7 k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.6.7
删除不需要的镜像(此步骤可有可无):
docker rmi registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver:v1.18.0
docker rmi registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-controller-manager:v1.18.0
docker rmi registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-scheduler:v1.18.0
docker rmi registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy:v1.18.0
docker rmi registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.2
docker rmi registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/etcd:3.4.3-0
docker rmi registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:1.6.7
注意:以上三步关于镜像的操作可以直接写到一个脚本里,for循环来执行,详情可以查询脚本操作。
此时,镜像下载完成,可以启动master节点了:
kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=v1.18.0 --pod-network-cidr=10.10.0.0/16 --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.0.188
当收到kubeadm join 192.168.0.188:6443 --token hagd9m.ohpm4iyvu4odmcqk --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:855cb9d1a3131a18f657259aad123217151a05e5fcca8b894287dc101eae353c,说明成功了,保存这条消息,其他节点加入时需要使用。
设置配置文件如下:
mkdir -p /root/.kube
cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf /root/.kube/config
chown root:root /root/.kube/config
5.主节点生效
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
root@Virtual-Machine:/home# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
virtual-machine Ready master 6h42m v1.18.0
当看到状态是ready的时候,此时已经安装成功了,finish。
下一节介绍:如何安装k8s的dashboard
https://blog.csdn.net/wangkaizheng123/article/details/107492833