appium API 之 TouchAction，TouchActions，MultiAction
最近在做一些安卓自动化的项目，新手踩了一些坑，总结一下。
现在用过的常用库包括TouchAction、TouchActions、MultiAction。总结一下api和使用。
TouchAction
TouchAction是appium的辅助类，主要是一些手势操作。
from appium.webdriver.common.touch_action import TouchAction- tap：对元素执行点击操作
跳进函数看一下源码
def tap(self, element=None, x=None, y=None, count=1):
"""Perform a tap action on the element
Args:
element (`appium.webdriver.webelement.WebElement`): the element to tap
x (:obj:`int`, optional): x coordinate to tap, relative to the top left corner of the element.
y (:obj:`int`, optional): y coordinate. If y is used, x must also be set, and vice versa
Returns:
`TouchAction`: self instance
"""
opts = self._get_opts(element, x, y)
opts['count'] = count
self._add_action('tap', opts)
return self这里可以看出来参数应该如何传，注意第一个参数传的是webElement，它将‘tap‘append到action队列中，在执行perform时，发指定指令执行。
使用
def Tap(self, data):
_driver = self._cache.current
ele = self._element_find(data[0], True, True)
TouchAction(_driver).tap(ele).perform()还有一些其他的接口：
看源码：
- press
def press(self, el=None, x=None, y=None, pressure=None):
"""Begin a chain with a press down action at a particular element or point
Args:
el (:obj:`appium.webdriver.webelement.WebElement`, optional): the element to press
x (:obj:`int`, optional): x coordiate to press. If y is used, x must also be set
y (:obj:`int`, optional): y coordiate to press. If x is used, y must also be set
pressure (:obj:`float`, optional): [iOS Only] press as force touch. Read the description of `force` property on Apple's UITouch class
(https://developer.apple.com/documentation/uikit/uitouch?language=objc) for more details on possible value ranges.
Returns:
`TouchAction`: self instance
"""
self._add_action('press', self._get_opts(el, x, y, pressure=pressure))
return self- long_press
多了一个时间参数
def long_press(self, el=None, x=None, y=None, duration=1000):
"""Begin a chain with a press down that lasts `duration` milliseconds
Args:
el (:obj:`appium.webdriver.webelement.WebElement`, optional): the element to press
x (:obj:`int`, optional): x coordiate to press. If y is used, x must also be set
y (:obj:`int`, optional): y coordiate to press. If x is used, y must also be set
duration (:obj:`int`, optional): Duration to press
Returns:
`TouchAction`: self instance
"""
self._add_action('longPress', self._get_opts(el, x, y, duration))
return self- move_to
def move_to(self, el=None, x=None, y=None):
"""Move the pointer from the previous point to the element or point specified
Args:
el (:obj:`appium.webdriver.webelement.WebElement`, optional): the element to be moved to
x (:obj:`int`, optional): x coordiate to be moved to. If y is used, x must also be set
y (:obj:`int`, optional): y coordiate to be moved to. If x is used, y must also be set
Returns:
`TouchAction`: self instance
"""
self._add_action('moveTo', self._get_opts(el, x, y))
return self看一下perform函数，执行action列表里的指令
def perform(self):
"""Perform the action by sending the commands to the server to be operated upon
Returns:
`TouchAction`: self instance
"""
params = {'actions': self._actions}
self._driver.execute(Command.TOUCH_ACTION, params)
# get rid of actions so the object can be reused
self._actions = []
return self这里拿出了action里的指令，执行后，清空action。可以跳进command看一下，是一个包含指令的类。
TouchActions
TouchActions是Seeleniumd的辅助类，可以作为补充。
用法类似，
看一下源码：
class TouchActions(object):
"""
Generate touch actions. Works like ActionChains; actions are stored in the
TouchActions object and are fired with perform().
"""
def __init__(self, driver):
"""
Creates a new TouchActions object.
:Args:
- driver: The WebDriver instance which performs user actions.
It should be with touchscreen enabled.
"""
self._driver = driver
self._actions = []
def perform(self):
"""
Performs all stored actions.
"""
for action in self._actions:
action()
def tap(self, on_element):
"""
Taps on a given element.
:Args:
- on_element: The element to tap.
"""
self._actions.append(lambda: self._driver.execute(
Command.SINGLE_TAP, {'element': on_element.id}))
return self
def double_tap(self, on_element):
"""
Double taps on a given element.
:Args:
- on_element: The element to tap.
"""
self._actions.append(lambda: self._driver.execute(
Command.DOUBLE_TAP, {'element': on_element.id}))
return self
def tap_and_hold(self, xcoord, ycoord):
"""
Touch down at given coordinates.
:Args:
- xcoord: X Coordinate to touch down.
- ycoord: Y Coordinate to touch down.
"""
self._actions.append(lambda: self._driver.execute(
Command.TOUCH_DOWN, {
'x': int(xcoord),
'y': int(ycoord)}))
return self
def move(self, xcoord, ycoord):
"""
Move held tap to specified location.
:Args:
- xcoord: X Coordinate to move.
- ycoord: Y Coordinate to move.
"""
self._actions.append(lambda: self._driver.execute(
Command.TOUCH_MOVE, {
'x': int(xcoord),
'y': int(ycoord)}))
return self
def release(self, xcoord, ycoord):
"""
Release previously issued tap 'and hold' command at specified location.
:Args:
- xcoord: X Coordinate to release.
- ycoord: Y Coordinate to release.
"""
self._actions.append(lambda: self._driver.execute(
Command.TOUCH_UP, {
'x': int(xcoord),
'y': int(ycoord)}))
return self
def scroll(self, xoffset, yoffset):
"""
Touch and scroll, moving by xoffset and yoffset.
:Args:
- xoffset: X offset to scroll to.
- yoffset: Y offset to scroll to.
"""
self._actions.append(lambda: self._driver.execute(
Command.TOUCH_SCROLL, {
'xoffset': int(xoffset),
'yoffset': int(yoffset)}))
return self
def scroll_from_element(self, on_element, xoffset, yoffset):
"""
Touch and scroll starting at on_element, moving by xoffset and yoffset.
:Args:
- on_element: The element where scroll starts.
- xoffset: X offset to scroll to.
- yoffset: Y offset to scroll to.
"""
self._actions.append(lambda: self._driver.execute(
Command.TOUCH_SCROLL, {
'element': on_element.id,
'xoffset': int(xoffset),
'yoffset': int(yoffset)}))
return self
def long_press(self, on_element):
"""
Long press on an element.
:Args:
- on_element: The element to long press.
"""
self._actions.append(lambda: self._driver.execute(
Command.LONG_PRESS, {'element': on_element.id}))
return self
def flick(self, xspeed, yspeed):
"""
Flicks, starting anywhere on the screen.
:Args:
- xspeed: The X speed in pixels per second.
- yspeed: The Y speed in pixels per second.
"""
self._actions.append(lambda: self._driver.execute(
Command.FLICK, {
'xspeed': int(xspeed),
'yspeed': int(yspeed)}))
return self
def flick_element(self, on_element, xoffset, yoffset, speed):
"""
Flick starting at on_element, and moving by the xoffset and yoffset
with specified speed.
:Args:
- on_element: Flick will start at center of element.
- xoffset: X offset to flick to.
- yoffset: Y offset to flick to.
- speed: Pixels per second to flick.
"""
self._actions.append(lambda: self._driver.execute(
Command.FLICK, {
'element': on_element.id,
'xoffset': int(xoffset),
'yoffset': int(yoffset),
'speed': int(speed)}))
return self
# Context manager so TouchActions can be used in a 'with .. as' statements.
def __enter__(self):
return self # Return created instance of self.
def __exit__(self, _type, _value, _traceback):
pass # Do nothing, does not require additional cleanup.driver也可直接调用一些触摸操作。
MultiAction
模拟多指操作，与aition一起使用.
源码：
class MultiAction(object):
def __init__(self, driver, element=None):
self._driver = driver
self._element = element
self._touch_actions = []
def add(self, *touch_actions):
"""Add TouchAction objects to the MultiAction, to be performed later.
Args:
touch_actions (`TouchAction`): one or more TouchAction objects describing a chain of actions to be performed by one finger
Usage:
a1 = TouchAction(driver)
a1.press(el1).move_to(el2).release()
a2 = TouchAction(driver)
a2.press(el2).move_to(el1).release()
MultiAction(driver).add(a1, a2)
"""
for touch_action in touch_actions:
if self._touch_actions is None:
self._touch_actions = []
self._touch_actions.append(copy.copy(touch_action))
def perform(self):
"""Perform the actions stored in the object.
Usage:
a1 = TouchAction(driver)
a1.press(el1).move_to(el2).release()
a2 = TouchAction(driver)
a2.press(el2).move_to(el1).release()
MultiAction(driver).add(a1, a2).perform()
"""
self._driver.execute(Command.MULTI_ACTION, self.json_wire_gestures)
# clean up and be ready for the next batch
self._touch_actions = []
return self放大&缩小
def ZoomScreen(self,data):
driver = self._cache.current
zoom_action = MultiAction(driver)
action1 = TouchAction(driver)
action2 = TouchAction(driver)
x = driver.get_window_size()['width']
y = driver.get_window_size()['height']
action1.press(x=x * 0.4, y=y * 0.4).wait(1000).move_to(x=x * 0.2, y=y * 0.2).release()
action2.press(x=x * 0.6, y=y * 0.6).wait(1000).move_to(x=x * 0.8, y=y * 0.8).release()
zoom_action.add(action1, action2)
zoom_action.perform()
def PinchScreen(self,data):
driver = self._cache.current
zoom_action = MultiAction(driver)
action1 = TouchAction(driver)
action2 = TouchAction(driver)
x = driver.get_window_size()['width']
y = driver.get_window_size()['height']
action1.press(x=x * 0.2, y=y * 0.2).wait(1000).move_to(x=x * 0.4, y=y * 0.4).wait(1000).release()
action2.press(x=x * 0.8, y=y * 0.8).wait(1000).move_to(x=x * 0.6, y=y * 0.6).wait(1000).release()
zoom_action.add(action1, action2)
zoom_action.perform()