初识Anaconda3

1. 下载安装Anaconda3

安装未选添加到PATH选项
C盘是固态硬盘，直接安装在C盘 （访问速度比机械硬盘快）

2. 配置

配置环境变量C:\Users\Administrator\Anaconda3\Scripts
由于其他工具用到python，所以把python.exe的路径也添加到环境变量中C:\Users\Administrator\Anaconda3
检查配置是否生效：

C:\Users\Administrator>conda --version     ---conda包管理命令
conda 4.5.12

C:\Users\Administrator>python --version
Python 3.7.1

3.更新包

更新包失败：
C:\Users\Administrator>conda upgrade --all
Solving environment: failed

CondaHTTPError: HTTP 000 CONNECTION FAILED for url https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/pro/win-64/repodata.json.bz2
Elapsed: -

初步怀疑要，尝试用国内的源：
源的自定义文件与anaconda在同一个目录下面，名字叫".condarc"

conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/
conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/msys2/
conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/
conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/
conda config --set show_channel_urls yes

另外，还有一个中科大的源：
https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/

以上两个国内源试了，都是不成功。暂时先放着不更新包了，先熟悉下环境。

4. 管理虚拟环境

activate命令默认是anadconda当前的base

C:\Users\Administrator>activate

(base) C:\Users\Administrator>python
Python 3.7.1 (default, Dec 10 2018, 22:54:23) [MSC v.1915 64 bit (AMD64)] :: Anaconda, Inc. on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> exit()

5. 创建自己的虚拟环境

由于上面源的问题，创建也不成功。
conda create -n learn python=3

6. 切换环境

activate learn — learn是用anaconda3的向导他建的，即它的图形化工具。
conda env list查看所有环境

C:\Users\Administrator>conda env list
# conda environments:
#
base                  *  C:\Users\Administrator\Anaconda3

conda list 查看当前环境安装的所有包信息

C:\Users\Administrator>conda list
 packages in environment at C:\Users\Administrator\Anaconda3:

Name                    Version                   Build  Channel
_ipyw_jlab_nb_ext_conf    0.1.0                    py37_0
alabaster                 0.7.12                   py37_0
anaconda                  2018.12                  py37_0
anaconda-client           1.7.2                    py37_0
anaconda-navigator        1.9.6                    py37_0
anaconda-project          0.8.2                    py37_0
asn1crypto                0.24.0                   py37_0
astroid                   2.1.0                    py37_0
astropy                   3.1              py37he774522_0

8. conda常用命令总结

activate // 切换到base环境
activate learn // 切换到learn环境
conda create -n learn python=3 // 创建一个名为learn的环境并指定python版本为3(的最新版本)
conda env list // 列出conda管理的所有环境
conda list // 列出当前环境的所有包
conda install requests 安装requests包
conda remove requests 卸载requets包
conda remove -n learn --all // 删除learn环境及下属所有包
conda update requests 更新requests包
conda env export > environment.yaml // 导出当前环境的包信息
conda env create -f environment.yaml // 用配置文件创建新的虚拟环境
conda deactivate退出当前虚拟环境

9. 在升级包时遇到SSL问题

1）升级需要在对应的虚拟环境下才能成功，因为SSL对应的包是在相应虚拟环境下，否则报错都是因为
找不到SSL相关的功能包而导致联网失败。而且这里也没有切换到国内清华/科大的源，直接用adaconda
默认的源升级一样成功，当然用国内可能速度会快点。
2）其实，安装好anaconda后，有一个anaconda prompt命令行窗口工具，用这个工具就会直接进入
默认base虚拟环境，然后在此下面操作上面升级同样不会有问题，就怕是直接在win10--运行框---cmd
，然后直接在windows的命令行下使用，如果是新手，就会遇到上面的问题。
3）另外，安装时，或安装后都不要设置anaconda的环境变量，这样直接使用windows的命令行就不
起作用，自然就会尝试用anaconda自带的命令行窗口工具。

在对应环境下操作一切正常，以及导出命令的使用：

C:\Users\Administrator>activate  ---默认切换到base虚拟环境下

(base) C:\Users\Administrator>conda update -n base -c defaults conda
Solving environment: done

## Package Plan ##

  environment location: C:\Users\Administrator\Anaconda3

  added / updated specs:
    - conda


The following packages will be downloaded:

    package                    |            build
    ---------------------------|-----------------
    conda-4.6.7                |           py37_0         1.7 MB

The following packages will be UPDATED:

Proceed ([y]/n)? y


Downloading and Extracting Packages
conda-4.6.7          | 1.7 MB    | ############################################################################ | 100%
Preparing transaction: done
Verifying transaction: done

(base) C:\Users\Administrator>conda update numpy   --说明numpy是最新包
Collecting package metadata: done
Solving environment: done

# All requested packages already installed.

(base) C:\Users\Administrator>conda env list   ---列出当前所有虚拟环境
# conda environments:
#
base                  *  C:\Users\Administrator\Anaconda3
learn                    C:\Users\Administrator\Anaconda3\envs\learn    ---这个原先是用Navigator向导创建的

(base) C:\Users\Administrator>conda remove -n learn --all          --删除自己创建的Learn及其所有包等

Remove all packages in environment C:\Users\Administrator\Anaconda3\envs\learn:


## Package Plan ##

  environment location: C:\Users\Administrator\Anaconda3\envs\learn


The following packages will be REMOVED:

  ca-certificates-2019.1.23-0
  certifi-2018.11.29-py37_0
  openssl-1.1.1b-he774522_0
  pip-19.0.3-py37_0
  python-3.7.2-h8c8aaf0_10
  setuptools-40.8.0-py37_0
  sqlite-3.26.0-he774522_0
  vc-14.1-h0510ff6_4
  vs2015_runtime-14.15.26706-h3a45250_0
  wheel-0.33.1-py37_0
  wincertstore-0.2-py37_0


Proceed ([y]/n)? y

Preparing transaction: done
Verifying transaction: done
Executing transaction: done

(base) C:\Users\Administrator>

(base) C:\Users\Administrator>conda env list
# conda environments:
#
base                  *  C:\Users\Administrator\Anaconda3


(base) C:\Users\Administrator>

C:\Users\Administrator>activate

(base) C:\Users\Administrator>conda create -n learn python=3   ---默认安装python最新版本
Collecting package metadata: done
Solving environment: done

## Package Plan ##

  environment location: C:\Users\Administrator\Anaconda3\envs\learn

  added / updated specs:
    - python=3


The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:

  ca-certificates    pkgs/main/win-64::ca-certificates-2019.1.23-0
  certifi            pkgs/main/win-64::certifi-2018.11.29-py37_0
  openssl            pkgs/main/win-64::openssl-1.1.1b-he774522_0
  pip                pkgs/main/win-64::pip-19.0.3-py37_0
  python             pkgs/main/win-64::python-3.7.2-h8c8aaf0_10   ---当前最新3.7.2
  setuptools         pkgs/main/win-64::setuptools-40.8.0-py37_0
  sqlite             pkgs/main/win-64::sqlite-3.26.0-he774522_0
  vc                 pkgs/main/win-64::vc-14.1-h0510ff6_4
  vs2015_runtime     pkgs/main/win-64::vs2015_runtime-14.15.26706-h3a45250_0
  wheel              pkgs/main/win-64::wheel-0.33.1-py37_0
  wincertstore       pkgs/main/win-64::wincertstore-0.2-py37_0


Proceed ([y]/n)? n


Exiting.


(base) C:\Users\Administrator>conda create -n learn python=3.5   --- 安装Python3.5
Collecting package metadata: done
Solving environment: done

## Package Plan ##

  environment location: C:\Users\Administrator\Anaconda3\envs\learn

  added / updated specs:
    - python=3.5


The following packages will be downloaded:

    package                    |            build
    ---------------------------|-----------------
    certifi-2018.8.24          |           py35_1         140 KB
    pip-10.0.1                 |           py35_0         1.8 MB
    python-3.5.6               |       he025d50_0        18.2 MB
    setuptools-40.2.0          |           py35_0         597 KB
    wheel-0.31.1               |           py35_0          81 KB
    wincertstore-0.2           |   py35hfebbdb8_0          13 KB
    ------------------------------------------------------------
                                           Total:        20.8 MB

The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:

  certifi            pkgs/main/win-64::certifi-2018.8.24-py35_1
  pip                pkgs/main/win-64::pip-10.0.1-py35_0
  python             pkgs/main/win-64::python-3.5.6-he025d50_0
  setuptools         pkgs/main/win-64::setuptools-40.2.0-py35_0
  vc                 pkgs/main/win-64::vc-14.1-h0510ff6_4
  vs2015_runtime     pkgs/main/win-64::vs2015_runtime-14.15.26706-h3a45250_0
  wheel              pkgs/main/win-64::wheel-0.31.1-py35_0
  wincertstore       pkgs/main/win-64::wincertstore-0.2-py35hfebbdb8_0


Proceed ([y]/n)?

Downloading and Extracting Packages
wincertstore-0.2     | 13 KB     | ############################################################################ | 100%
setuptools-40.2.0    | 597 KB    | ############################################################################ | 100%
pip-10.0.1           | 1.8 MB    | ############################################################################ | 100%
certifi-2018.8.24    | 140 KB    | ############################################################################ | 100%
wheel-0.31.1         | 81 KB     | ############################################################################ | 100%
python-3.5.6         | 18.2 MB   | ############################################################################ | 100%
Preparing transaction: done
Verifying transaction: done
Executing transaction: done
#
 To activate this environment, use
#
     $ conda activate learn
#
 To deactivate an active environment, use
#
     $ conda deactivate

(base) C:\Users\Administrator>conda env list
 conda environments:
#
base                  *  C:\Users\Administrator\Anaconda3
learn                    C:\Users\Administrator\Anaconda3\envs\learn

(base) C:\Users\Administrator>activate learn

(learn) C:\Users\Administrator>conda env export > environment.gary  ---导出虚拟环境Learn，
可以用这种方式把相关联的包导出

(learn) C:\Users\Administrator>dir
2019/03/01  13:02                43 .condarc
2019/03/01  13:04               349 environment.gary
2018/11/29  14:47              Favorites

11. pycharm console无法使用

C:\Users\Dell\Anaconda3\python.exe "C:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm Community Edition 2018.3.2\helpers\pydev\pydevconsole.py" --mode=client --port=64760
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm Community Edition 2018.3.2\helpers\pydev\pydevconsole.py", line 5, in 
from pydev_comm.rpc import make_rpc_client, start_rpc_server, start_rpc_server_and_make_client
File "C:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm Community Edition 2018.3.2\helpers\pydev_pydev_comm\rpc.py", line 4, in 
.......
>>>>

添加环境变量就可以解决了，比如安装路径为D:\anaconda3, 在环境变量中添加
D:\anaconda3；D:\anaconda3\Scripts;D:\anaconda3\Library\bin.

12. 软件版本

Anaconda3-2018.12-Windows-x86_64.exe
pycharm-professional-2018.3.5.exe