nginx+tomcat集群及使用memcache支持session共享 配置说明
Nginx+tomcat集群配置
1 环境条件
2 配置nginx
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local]"$request" '
# '$status$body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent""$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
upstream www.client.com {
server localhost:8080;
server localhost:8081;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.client.com;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
proxy_passhttp://www.client.com;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
#redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
#proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
#pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
#deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
#concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
#another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
#HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}配置项说明：
upstream 指定绑定的tomcat集群名字和对应的tomcat的地址及端口号，以上配置的内容是在本机8080端口和8081端口的两个tomcat的集群。
proxy_pass 指定代理的集群名字，http://后面填写的内容需要和upstream指定的名字一样。
server_name 指定绑定的域名，listen指定绑定的端口号。
3 tomcat配置
需要配置tomcat目录下conf/server.xml
1)修改
节点，每个tomcat的port端口号不能一样。
2)修改
节点，每个tomcat的port和redirectPort不能一样。
3) 修改
节点，每个tomcat的port和redirectPort不能一样。
4) 如果以下https协议的配置被放开的话，则修改上面2，3步的端口和此处一样。且每个tomcat的端口不能一样。
4 Session共享，Memcache安装
4.1 Memcached安装
需有libevent支持，提前安装好。
# tar zxvf memcached-1.4.5.tar.gz
# cd memcached-1.4.5/
# ./configure
# make
# make install
# ./memcached -d -m 2048 -l localhost -p 11211 （启动）
这会以守护程序的形式启动 memcached（-d），为其分配 2GB 内存（-m 2048），并指定监听(-l localhost)，即端口 11211。您可以根据需要修改这些值。
启动错误解决：
1启动报错 error while loading sharedlibraries: libevent-2.0.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file ordirectory
# whereis libevent-2.0.so.5 （找到此文件位置）
# ldd /usr/local/bin/memcached （ldd命令查找相关依赖文件信息）
libevent-2.0.so.5 => not found （没有找到该文件）
libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x00002b83fce0e000)
libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00002b83fd029000)
librt.so.1 => /lib64/librt.so.1 (0x00002b83fd381000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00002b83fc9b0000)# LD_DEBUG=libs ./memcached -v
9020: find library=libevent-2.0.so.5 [0]; searching
9020: search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache
9020: searchpath=/lib/tls/i686/sse2:/lib/tls/i686:/lib/tls/sse2:/lib/tls:/lib/i686/sse2:/lib/i686:/lib/sse2:/lib:/usr/lib/tls/i686/sse2:/usr/lib/tls/i686:/usr/lib/tls/sse2:/usr/lib/tls:/usr/lib/i686/sse2:/usr/lib/i686:/usr/lib/sse2:/usr/lib (system search path)
9020: tryingfile=/lib/tls/i686/sse2/libevent-2.0.so.5
9020: tryingfile=/lib/tls/i686/libevent-2.0.so.5
9020: tryingfile=/lib/tls/sse2/libevent-2.0.so.5
9020: trying file=/lib/tls/libevent-2.0.so.5
9020: tryingfile=/lib/i686/sse2/libevent-2.0.so.5
9020: trying file=/lib/i686/libevent-2.0.so.5
9020: trying file=/lib/sse2/libevent-2.0.so.5
9020: trying file=/lib/libevent-2.0.so.5
9020: trying file=/usr/lib/tls/i686/sse2/libevent-2.0.so.5
9020: tryingfile=/usr/lib/tls/i686/libevent-2.0.so.5
9020: tryingfile=/usr/lib/tls/sse2/libevent-2.0.so.5
9020: trying file=/usr/lib/tls/libevent-2.0.so.5
9020: tryingfile=/usr/lib/i686/sse2/libevent-2.0.so.5
9020: tryingfile=/usr/lib/i686/libevent-2.0.so.5
9020: tryingfile=/usr/lib/sse2/libevent-2.0.so.5
9020: trying file=/usr/lib/libevent-2.0.so.5
9020: ./memcached:error while loading shared libraries: libevent-2.0.so.5: cannot open sharedobject file: No such file or directory从最后一行可以看出，此命令执行后，所查找的路径为/usr/lib/libevent-2.0.so.5
而该文件不存在此目录下，因此我们只需要做个软链接到该路径即可。
# ln -s /usr/local/lib/libevent-2.0.so.5 /usr/lib/libevent-2.0.so.5
# ldd /usr/local/bin/memcached (再执行此命令看看，发现好了，接着再执行启动命令即可。)
2.启动报错can't run as root without the-u switch
如果没有带 -u root 的话就会报：
can't run as root without the -u switch
解决：带-u root就行!记着，-u root 加在最后
# ./memcached -d -m 2048 -l localhost -p 11211 -u root
4.2 Tomcatsession共享配置
1. 将这5个包放到$TOMCAT_HOME/lib目录下
javolution-5.4.3.1.jar
memcached-session-manager-1.6.3.jar
memcached-session-manager-tc6-1.6.3.jar
msm-javolution-serializer-1.6.3.jar
spymemcached-2.7.3.jar
记住，包的版本必须一样，这里使用的是1.6.3的版本，此几个包支持的tomcat6的版本，如果需要支持tomcat7，可以在官方下载memcached-session-manager-tc7-1.6.3jar替换掉memcached-session-manager-tc6-1.6.3jar包，另外还有更多细节可以修改，这里不做过多介绍，更多的说明可详细查看官网的说明。
打包下载：http://download.csdn.net/detail/fengge374043291/8128493
单个下载地址：http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/de/javakaffee/msm/
官网msm介绍：https://code.google.com/p/memcached-session-manager/wiki/SetupAndConfiguration
2. 修改$TOMCAT_HOME/conf/server.xml
这里的memcachedNodes是填写memcached节点,多个节点时可以以空隔分开，如:
n1:localhost:11211 n2:localhost:11212
sessionBackupTimeout的单位为分钟
/www/tomcat-6.0.18/webapps/WebContent替换成你的WEB目录
修改后重启两个TOMCAT即可,这个时候已经解决SESSION的共享问题.
最后使用tomcat集群测试即可。
提示：网上有好多相关的配置等文章，但是并不一定能成功，可能各个环境不一定一样，所以很有可能最后未能有效，本人也是搜集了好多文章慢慢总结出来的，并且在我本地测试成功了，建议还是多参考官网的文章说明，比较权威，个人博客等仅供参考比较好。