二叉树的排列

二叉树的先序、中序、后序排列

/** 二叉树节点 */   
public class BTNode {   
  private char key;   
  private BTNode left, right;   
  public BTNode(char key) {   
    this(key, null, null);   
  }   
  public BTNode(char key, BTNode left, BTNode right) {   
    this.key = key;   
    this.left = left;   
    this.right = right;   
  }   
  public char getKey() {   
    return key;   
  }   
  public void setKey(char key) {   
    this.key = key;   
  }   
  public BTNode getLeft() {   
    return left;   
  }   
  public void setLeft(BTNode left) {   
    this.left = left;   
  }   
  public BTNode getRight() {   
    return right;   
  }   
  public void setRight(BTNode right) {   
    this.right = right;   
  }   
}   



/** 二叉树遍历 */   
public class BinTree {   
  protected BTNode root;   
  public BinTree(BTNode root) {   
    this.root = root;   
  }   
  public BTNode getRoot() {   
    return root;   
  }   
  /** 构造树 */   
  public static BTNode init() {   
    BTNode a = new BTNode('A');   
    BTNode b = new BTNode('B', null, a);   
    BTNode c = new BTNode('C');   
    BTNode d = new BTNode('D', b, c);   
    BTNode e = new BTNode('E');   
    BTNode f = new BTNode('F', e, null);   
    BTNode g = new BTNode('G', null, f);   
    BTNode h = new BTNode('H', d, g);   
    return h;// root   
  }   
  /** 访问节点 */   
  public static void visit(BTNode p) {   
    System.out.print(p.getKey() + " ");   
  }   
  /** 递归实现前序遍历 */   
  protected static void preorder(BTNode p) {   
    if (p != null) {   
      visit(p);   
      preorder(p.getLeft());   
      preorder(p.getRight());   
    }   
  }   
  /** 递归实现中序遍历 */   
  protected static void inorder(BTNode p) {   
    if (p != null) {   
      inorder(p.getLeft());   
      visit(p);   
      inorder(p.getRight());   
    }   
  }   
  /** 递归实现后序遍历 */   
  protected static void postorder(BTNode p) {   
    if (p != null) {   
      postorder(p.getLeft());   
      postorder(p.getRight());   
      visit(p);   
    }   
  }   
  /** 非递归实现前序遍历 */   
  protected static void iterativePreorder(BTNode p) {   
    Stack stack = new Stack();   
    if (p != null) {   
      stack.push(p);   
      while (!stack.empty()) {   
        p = stack.pop();   
        visit(p);   
        if (p.getRight() != null)   
          stack.push(p.getRight());   
        if (p.getLeft() != null)   
          stack.push(p.getLeft());   
      }   
    }   
  }   
  /** 非递归实现后序遍历 */   
  protected static void iterativePostorder(BTNode p) {   
    BTNode q = p;   
    Stack stack = new Stack();   
    while (p != null) {   
      // 左子树入栈   
      for (; p.getLeft() != null; p = p.getLeft())   
        stack.push(p);   
      // 当前节点无右子或右子已经输出   
      while (p != null && (p.getRight() == null || p.getRight() == q)) {   
        visit(p);   
        q = p;// 记录上一个已输出节点   
        if (stack.empty())   
          return;   
        p = stack.pop();   
      }   
      // 处理右子   
      stack.push(p);   
      p = p.getRight();   
    }   
  }   
  /** 非递归实现中序遍历 */   
  protected static void iterativeInorder(BTNode p) {   
    Stack stack = new Stack();   
    while (p != null) {   
      while (p != null) {   
        if (p.getRight() != null)   
          stack.push(p.getRight());// 当前节点右子入栈   
        stack.push(p);// 当前节点入栈   
        p = p.getLeft();   
      }   
      p = stack.pop();   
      while (!stack.empty() && p.getRight() == null) {   
        visit(p);   
        p = stack.pop();   
      }   
      visit(p);   
      if (!stack.empty())   
        p = stack.pop();   
      else   
        p = null;   
    }   
  }   
  public static void main(String[] args) {   
    BinTree tree = new BinTree(init());   
    System.out.print(" Pre-Order:");   
    preorder(tree.getRoot());   
    System.out.println();   
    System.out.print(" In-Order:");   
    inorder(tree.getRoot());   
    System.out.println();   
    System.out.print("Post-Order:");   
    postorder(tree.getRoot());   
    System.out.println();   
    System.out.print(" Pre-Order:");   
    iterativePreorder(tree.getRoot());   
    System.out.println();   
    System.out.print(" In-Order:");   
    iterativeInorder(tree.getRoot());   
    System.out.println();   
    System.out.print("Post-Order:");   
    iterativePostorder(tree.getRoot());   
    System.out.println();   
  }   
}   

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