知识点:
(1) 从输出结果发现,print 函数用双引号 (" ") 或者用单引号 (' ') 都可以,结果是一样的。(见图1)
(2) print 函数默认最后有一个换行符,但如果用了 sep 和 end,就没有换行符,必须手加换行符 '\n'。(见图2, 3)
# hello world.py
print("hello, world!")
print("'hello', 'world'")
print('你好', '世界')
print("你好", "世界!")
print('hello', 'world', sep = ', ', end = '!\n')
print('goodbye, world', end = '!\n')
知识点:turtle库的使用。
# peppa_pig.py
""" 绘制小猪佩奇 """
from turtle import *
def nose(x, y):
""" 画鼻子 """
penup()
# 将海龟移动到指定的坐标
goto(x, y)
pendown()
# 设置海龟的方向(0-东、90-北、180-西、270-南)
setheading(-30)
begin_fill()
a = 0.4
for i in range(120):
if 0 <= i < 30 or 60 <= i <90:
a = a + 0.08
# 向左转3度
left(3)
# 向前走
forward(a)
else:
a = a - 0.08
left(3)
forward(a)
end_fill()
penup()
setheading(90)
forward(25)
setheading(0)
forward(10)
pendown()
# 设置画笔的颜色(红, 绿, 蓝)
pencolor(255, 155, 192)
setheading(10)
begin_fill()
circle(5)
color(160, 82, 45)
end_fill()
penup()
setheading(0)
forward(20)
pendown()
pencolor(255, 155, 192)
setheading(10)
begin_fill()
circle(5)
color(160, 82, 45)
end_fill()
def head(x, y):
""" 画头 """
color((255, 155, 192), "pink")
penup()
goto(x, y)
setheading(0)
pendown()
begin_fill()
setheading(180)
circle(300, -30)
circle(100, -60)
circle(80, -100)
circle(150, -20)
circle(60, -95)
setheading(161)
circle(-300, 15)
penup()
goto(-100, 100)
pendown()
setheading(-30)
a = 0.4
for i in range(60):
if 0<= i < 30 or 60 <= i < 90:
a = a + 0.08
lt(3) #向左转3度
fd(a) #向前走a的步长
else:
a = a - 0.08
lt(3)
fd(a)
end_fill()
def ears(x, y):
""" 画耳朵 """
color((255, 155, 192), "pink")
penup()
goto(x, y)
pendown()
begin_fill()
setheading(100)
circle(-50, 50)
circle(-10, 120)
circle(-50, 54)
end_fill()
penup()
setheading(90)
forward(-12)
setheading(0)
forward(30)
pendown()
begin_fill()
setheading(100)
circle(-50, 50)
circle(-10, 120)
circle(-50, 56)
end_fill()
def eyes(x, y):
""" 画眼睛 """
color((255, 155, 192), "white")
penup()
setheading(90)
forward(-20)
setheading(0)
forward(-95)
pendown()
begin_fill()
circle(15)
end_fill()
color("black")
penup()
setheading(90)
forward(12)
setheading(0)
forward(-3)
pendown()
begin_fill()
circle(3)
end_fill()
color((255, 155, 192), "white")
penup()
seth(90)
forward(-25)
seth(0)
forward(40)
pendown()
begin_fill()
circle(15)
end_fill()
color("black")
penup()
setheading(90)
forward(12)
setheading(0)
forward(-3)
pendown()
begin_fill()
circle(3)
end_fill()
def cheek(x, y):
""" 画脸颊 """
color((255, 155, 192))
penup()
goto(x,y)
pendown()
setheading(0)
begin_fill()
circle(30)
end_fill()
def mouth(x, y):
""" 画嘴巴 """
color(239, 69, 19)
penup()
goto(x, y)
pendown()
setheading(-80)
circle(30, 40)
circle(40, 80)
def setting():
""" 设置参数 """
pensize(4)
hideturtle() # 隐藏海龟
colormode(255) # 颜色模式控制,将其设置为1.0或255,那么后面的颜色三元组RGB必须在
color((255, 155, 192), "pink")
setup(840, 500)
speed(10) # 画笔移动速度
def main():
"""主函数"""
setting()
nose(-100, 100)
head(-69, 167)
ears(0, 160)
eyes(0, 140)
cheek(80, 10)
mouth(-20, 30)
done()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()