内核延时的N种方法

方法一:NdisMSleep

VOID NdisMSleep(
    IN ULONG  MicrosecondsToSleep
    );

直接调用NdisMSleep,它的参数是微秒数量级。不过这里一定要注意

调用环境:

  • KeGetCurrentIrql < DISPATCH_LEVEL

方法二:NdisStallExecution

VOID NdisStallExecution(
    IN UINT  MicrosecondsToStall
    );

这里也是直接调用,参数是微秒级,但是最好不要用它延时超过50个微秒。

调用环境:

  • Any IRQL
  • MicrosecondsToStall <= 50

方法三:KeDelayExecutionThread

NTSTATUS KeDelayExecutionThread(
     IN KPROCESSOR_MODE  WaitMode,
     IN BOOLEAN  Alertable,
     IN PLARGE_INTEGER  Interval
     );

该函数将当前执行线程置于等待状态,当时间过后被唤醒。

调用环境:

  • KeGetCurrentIrql <= APC_LEVEL

参考代码:

LARGE_INTEGER liTime;
delay = delay * 10000;
// Negative value means relative time, not absolute
liTime =RtlConvertLongToLargeInteger(-(LONG)delay);
//Callers of KeDelayExecutionThread must be running at IRQL <= APC_LEVEL.
DbgPrint("KeGetCurrentIrql = %d\n", KeGetCurrentIrql());
KeDelayExecutionThread( KernelMode, TRUE, &liTime);

方法四:KeWaitForSingleObject

NTSTATUS KeWaitForSingleObject(
     IN PVOID  Object,
     IN KWAIT_REASON  WaitReason,
     IN KPROCESSOR_MODE  WaitMode,
     IN BOOLEAN  Alertable,
     IN PLARGE_INTEGER  Timeout  OPTIONAL
     );

该函数等待信号的到来,如果在所设时间之内没有信号,则返回TimeOut。

调用环境:

  • KeGetCurrentIrql <= PASSIVE_LEVEL

参考代码:

LARGE_INTEGER TimeoutTimer;
TimeoutTimer = RtlConvertLongToLargeInteger(-(LONG)(delay * 10000));
//sleep,waiting (TimeoutWait) singaled
DbgPrint("KeGetCurrentIrql = %d\n", KeGetCurrentIrql());
status = KeWaitForSingleObject(
                        &TimeoutWait,
                        Executive,
                        KernelMode,
                        FALSE,
                        &TimeoutTimer);

方法五:空循环

调用环境:

任何情况下都可使用。

参考代码:

LARGE_INTEGER liTime, startTime, currentTime;
delay = delay * 10000;
KeQuerySystemTime(&startTime);
while(1){
    KeQuerySystemTime(&currentTime);
    liTime.QuadPart = currentTime.QuadPart - startTime.QuadPart;
    if(liTime.QuadPart >= delay) break;
} 

以上方法中前面四种不占用CPU时钟,第五种方法会占用CPU时钟,在迫不得已的情况下使用。

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