Android源码阅读之MessageQueue
MessageQueue在消息机制中主要负责维护Message的链表结构，以及当有新Message进来时向Looper提供新Message,MessageQueue字义上看起来是消息队列的意思，但其数据结构其实是一个单链表的结构，从Message类的定义可以看出，里面有一个变量，指向了下一个Message
// sometimes we store linked lists of these things
/*package*/ Message next;
接下来，一起来看下MessageQueue中几个重要的方法
enqueueMessage
boolean enqueueMessage(Message msg, long when) {
if (msg.target == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Message must have a target.");
}
if (msg.isInUse()) {
throw new IllegalStateException(msg + " This message is already in use.");
}
synchronized (this) {
if (mQuitting) {
IllegalStateException e = new IllegalStateException(
msg.target + " sending message to a Handler on a dead thread");
Log.w(TAG, e.getMessage(), e);
msg.recycle();
return false;
}
msg.markInUse();
msg.when = when;
Message p = mMessages;
boolean needWake;
if (p == null || when == 0 || when < p.when) {
// New head, wake up the event queue if blocked.
msg.next = p;
mMessages = msg;
needWake = mBlocked;
} else {
// Inserted within the middle of the queue. Usually we don't have to wake
// up the event queue unless there is a barrier at the head of the queue
// and the message is the earliest asynchronous message in the queue.
needWake = mBlocked && p.target == null && msg.isAsynchronous();
Message prev;
for (;;) {
prev = p;
p = p.next;
if (p == null || when < p.when) {
break;
}
if (needWake && p.isAsynchronous()) {
needWake = false;
}
}
msg.next = p; // invariant: p == prev.next
prev.next = msg;
}
// We can assume mPtr != 0 because mQuitting is false.
if (needWake) {
nativeWake(mPtr);
}
}
return true;
}
此方法是将一个Message添加到Message链表中去，会先对message进行常规判断，message的handler是否为空，是否处于可使用的状态中，以及当前的消息机制是否被停止（由looper调用），当停止时，插入消息失败
接下来就是链表的插入操作，先判断是否存在表头，一开始mMessages是为空的，所以会将当前消息作为头部，mMessages作为当前消息的next
next()
next方法中是一个死循环 不断从消息链表中查询是否有可用状态的新消息加入，如果有，则返回给Looper
Message next() {
// Return here if the message loop has already quit and been disposed.
// This can happen if the application tries to restart a looper after quit
// which is not supported.
final long ptr = mPtr;
if (ptr == 0) {
return null;
}
int pendingIdleHandlerCount = -1; // -1 only during first iteration
int nextPollTimeoutMillis = 0;
for (;;) {
if (nextPollTimeoutMillis != 0) {
Binder.flushPendingCommands();
}
nativePollOnce(ptr, nextPollTimeoutMillis);
synchronized (this) {
// Try to retrieve the next message. Return if found.
final long now = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
Message prevMsg = null;
Message msg = mMessages;
if (msg != null && msg.target == null) {
// Stalled by a barrier. Find the next asynchronous message in the queue.
do {
prevMsg = msg;
msg = msg.next;
} while (msg != null && !msg.isAsynchronous());
}
if (msg != null) {
if (now < msg.when) {
// Next message is not ready. Set a timeout to wake up when it is ready.
nextPollTimeoutMillis = (int) Math.min(msg.when - now, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
} else {
// Got a message.
mBlocked = false;
if (prevMsg != null) {
prevMsg.next = msg.next;
} else {
mMessages = msg.next;
}
msg.next = null;
if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "Returning message: " + msg);
msg.markInUse();
return msg;
}
} else {
// No more messages.
nextPollTimeoutMillis = -1;
}
// Process the quit message now that all pending messages have been handled.
if (mQuitting) {
dispose();
return null;
}
// If first time idle, then get the number of idlers to run.
// Idle handles only run if the queue is empty or if the first message
// in the queue (possibly a barrier) is due to be handled in the future.
if (pendingIdleHandlerCount < 0
&& (mMessages == null || now < mMessages.when)) {
pendingIdleHandlerCount = mIdleHandlers.size();
}
if (pendingIdleHandlerCount <= 0) {
// No idle handlers to run. Loop and wait some more.
mBlocked = true;
continue;
}
if (mPendingIdleHandlers == null) {
mPendingIdleHandlers = new IdleHandler[Math.max(pendingIdleHandlerCount, 4)];
}
mPendingIdleHandlers = mIdleHandlers.toArray(mPendingIdleHandlers);
}
// Run the idle handlers.
// We only ever reach this code block during the first iteration.
for (int i = 0; i < pendingIdleHandlerCount; i++) {
final IdleHandler idler = mPendingIdleHandlers[i];
mPendingIdleHandlers[i] = null; // release the reference to the handler
boolean keep = false;
try {
keep = idler.queueIdle();
} catch (Throwable t) {
Log.wtf(TAG, "IdleHandler threw exception", t);
}
if (!keep) {
synchronized (this) {
mIdleHandlers.remove(idler);
}
}
}
// Reset the idle handler count to 0 so we do not run them again.
pendingIdleHandlerCount = 0;
// While calling an idle handler, a new message could have been delivered
// so go back and look again for a pending message without waiting.
nextPollTimeoutMillis = 0;
}
}
这里看不太懂啊 搬运一下其他大佬的见解
获取消息：
1.首次进入循环nextPollTimeoutMillis=0，阻塞方法nativePollOnce(ptr, nextPollTimeoutMillis)会立即返回
2.读取列表中的消息，如果发现消息屏障，则跳过后面的同步消息，总之会通过当前时间，是否遇到屏障来返回符合条件的待处理消息
3.如果没有符合条件的消息，会处理一些不紧急的任务（IdleHandler），再次进入第一步
加入消息：
1.加入消息比较简单，按时间顺序插入到消息链表中，如果是第一个那么根据mBlocked判断是否需要唤醒线程，如果不是第一个一般情况下不需要唤醒（如果加入的消息是异步的需要另外判断）
到这里其实关于MessageQueue已经分析的差不多了，其中有两个native方法没有涉及到分别是nativePollOnce，nativeWake，其实之前结论已经给出了，两个方法都会传入mPtr,在native层对应的是NativeMessageQueue的引用地址。