在网上闲逛搜GST,不小心发现了一个网址
http://wiki.oz9aec.net/index.php/Gstreamer_cheat_sheet
是WIKI的GStreamer小抄,应该是这样翻译吧。
看了这个网址我就笑了。
上面讲了gstreamer字符叠加,画中画,屏墙等的实现,附带实现的命令,这样实现源码就小case了。
本文描述了gstreamer可实现的功能,主要是针对本硬盘录像机软件功能来说的,以gst-launch命令行的方式,简洁明了,并附有插图。大部分是网络资源,小部分是自己研究。难免有疏漏,敬请指正。
参考网址:
1,http://wiki.oz9aec.net/index.php/Gstreamer_cheat_sheet#Video_Wall:_Live_from_Pluto
,gstreamer实现摄像头采集
,gstreamer实现视频显示
,将4/3显示转换为16/9
,实现h264编码并保存
,将保存的视频播放
,gstreamer实现视频截图
,gstreamer实现字符叠加
,gstreamer实现RTP网络服务端及客户端
,gstreamer实现画中画
,gstreamer实现屏墙效果
1, gstreamer实现摄像头采集:
gst-launch v4l2src ! xvimagesink
gst-launch v4l2src ! video/x-raw-yuv,width=320,height=240,framerate=20/1 ! xvimagesink(未通过)
gst-launch v4l2src ! video/x-raw-yuv,format=/(fourcc/)YUY2,width=320,height=240 ! xvimagesink
(通过,)
2, gstreamer实现视频显示
gst-launch videotestsrc ! ximagesink
(通过)
3, gstreamer实现字符叠加
gst-launch videotestsrc ! timeoverlay ! xvimagesink
(通过)
gst-launch -v videotestsrc ! video/x-raw-yuv, framerate=25/1, width=640, height=360 ! /
timeoverlay halign=left valign=bottom text="Stream time:" shaded-background=true ! xvimagesink
(通过)
添加timeoverlay的效果,timeoverlay基于textoverlay
其它一些相关元件的使用:
gst-launch videotestsrc ! cairotimeoverlay ! xvimagesink
(未通过)
gst-launch videotestsrc ! clockoverlay ! xvimagesink
(通过)
gst-launch videotestsrc ! clockoverlay halign=right valign=bottom shaded-background=true time-format="%Y.%m.%D" ! ffmpegcolorspace ! ximagesink
(通过)
gst-launch -e v4l2src ! video/x-raw-yuv,format=/(fourcc/)YUY2,width=1280,height=720,framerate=5/1 ! /
ffmpegcolorspace ! /
timeoverlay halign=right valign=top ! clockoverlay halign=left valign=top time-format="%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S" ! /
tee name="splitter" ! queue ! xvimagesink sync=false splitter. ! /
queue ! videorate ! video/x-raw-yuv,framerate=1/1 ! /
theoraenc bitrate=256 ! oggmux ! filesink location=webcam.ogg
(未通过)
4, gstreamer实现RTP网络服务端及客户端
客户端:
gst-launch -v gstrtpbin name=rtpbin latency=100 , udpsrc caps="application/x-rtp, media=(string)video, clock-rate=(int)90000, encoding-name=(string)H264, ssrc=(uint)340005641,clock-base=(uint)2625017333, payload=(int)96, seqnum-base=(uint)5894" port=5000 ! queue ! rtpbin.recv_rtp_sink_0 rtpbin. ! rtph264depay ! queue ! ffdec_h264 ! videoscale ! autovideosink udpsrc port=5001 ! queue ! rtpbin.recv_rtcp_sink_0 rtpbin.send_rtcp_src_0 ! queue ! udpsink port=5005 sync=true async=false
(在windows底下成功,linux应该也没问题)
服务端:
gst-launch -v gstrtpbin name=rtpbin latency=100 /
uridecodebin uri=file:///home/miia/test.avi name=decoder /
decoder. ! tee name=tee0 /
tee0. ! queue2 ! ffmpegcolorspace ! videoscale ! autovideosink /
tee0. ! queue2 ! ffmpegcolorspace ! x264enc ! rtph264pay pt=96 ! queue2 ! rtpbin.send_rtp_sink_0 /
rtpbin.send_rtp_src_0 ! queue2 ! udpsink host=192.168.0.105 port=5000 async=false/
rtpbin.send_rtcp_src_0 ! queue2 ! udpsink host=192.168.0.105 port=5001 async=false/
udpsrc port=5005 ! queue2 ! rtpbin.recv_rtcp_sink_0 /
/
decoder. ! tee name=tee1 /
tee1. ! queue2 ! audioconvert ! autoaudiosink /
tee1. ! queue2 ! audioconvert ! faac ! rtpmp4apay pt=96 ! queue2 ! rtpbin.send_rtp_sink_1 /
rtpbin.send_rtp_src_1 ! queue2 ! udpsink host=192.168.0.105 port=5002 async=false/
rtpbin.send_rtcp_src_1 ! queue2 ! udpsink host=192.168.0.105 port=5003 async=false/
udpsrc port=5007 ! queue2 ! rtpbin.recv_rtcp_sink_1
(在linux底下成功)
From man gst-launch
:
Network streaming
Stream video using RTP and network elements.
gst-launch v4l2src ! video/x-raw-yuv,width=128,height=96,format='(fourcc)'UYVY ! ffmpegcolorspace ! ffenc_h263
! video/x-h263 ! rtph263ppay pt=96 ! udpsink host=192.168.1.1 port=5000 sync=false
Use this command on the receiver
gst-launch udpsrc port=5000 ! application/x-rtp, clock-rate=90000,payload=96 ! rtph263pdepay queue-delay=0 !
ffdec_h263 ! xvimagesink
5, gstreamer实现视频截图
gst-launch -e v4l2src ! video/x-raw-yuv,format=/(fourcc/)YUY2,width=1280,height=720,framerate=5/1 ! ffmpegcolorspace ! /
timeoverlay halign=right valign=bottom ! clockoverlay halign=left valign=bottom time-format="%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S" ! /
videorate ! video/x-raw-rgb,framerate=1/1 ! ffmpegcolorspace ! pngenc snapshot=false ! multifilesink location="frame%05d.png"
(未通过)
6, gstreamer实现画中画效果
gst-launch -e videotestsrc pattern="snow" ! video/x-raw-yuv, framerate=10/1, width=200, height=150 ! videomixer name=mix ! /
ffmpegcolorspace ! xvimagesink videotestsrc ! video/x-raw-yuv, framerate=10/1, width=640, height=360 ! mix.
(通过,效果跟图片一样)
在一个窗口中同时显示两个视频界面
gst-launch videotestsrc pattern="snow" ! video/x-raw-yuv, framerate=10/1, width=200, height=150 ! /
videomixer name=mix sink_1::xpos=20 sink_1::ypos=20 sink_1::alpha=0.5 sink_1::zorder=3 sink_2::xpos=100 sink_2::ypos=100 sink_2::zorder=2 ! /
ffmpegcolorspace ! xvimagesink videotestsrc pattern=13 ! video/x-raw-yuv, framerate=10/1, width=200, height=150 ! mix. /
videotestsrc ! video/x-raw-yuv, framerate=10/1, width=640, height=360 ! mix.
设置视频界面的位置和效果,alpha透明效果
gst-launch /
videomixer name=mix sink_1::xpos=20 sink_1::ypos=20 sink_1::alpha=0.5 sink_1::zorder=3 sink_2::xpos=100 sink_2::ypos=100 sink_2::zorder=2 ! /
ffmpegcolorspace ! xvimagesink /
videotestsrc ! video/x-raw-yuv, framerate=10/1, width=640, height=360 ! mix.sink_0 /
videotestsrc pattern="snow" ! video/x-raw-yuv, framerate=10/1, width=200, height=150 ! mix.sink_1 /
videotestsrc pattern=13 ! video/x-raw-yuv, framerate=10/1, width=200, height=150 ! mix.sink_2
(通过,效果非常好,跟图片一样)
gst-launch -e videotestsrc pattern="snow" ! video/x-raw-yuv, framerate=10/1, width=200, height=150 ! videobox border-alpha=0 top=-20 left=-25 ! /
videomixer name=mix ! ffmpegcolorspace ! xvimagesink videotestsrc ! video/x-raw-yuv, framerate=10/1, width=640, height=360 ! mix.
Videobox的使用:
gst-launch -e videotestsrc pattern="snow" ! video/x-raw-yuv, framerate=10/1, width=200, height=150 ! /
videobox border-alpha=0 alpha=0.6 top=-20 left=-25 ! videomixer name=mix ! ffmpegcolorspace ! xvimagesink /
videotestsrc ! video/x-raw-yuv, framerate=10/1, width=640, height=360 ! mix.
(通过)
Videobox和alpha效果
gst-launch -e videotestsrc pattern="snow" ! video/x-raw-yuv, framerate=10/1, width=200, height=150 ! /
videobox border-alpha=1.0 top=-2 bottom=-2 left=-2 right=-2 ! videobox border-alpha=0 alpha=0.6 top=-20 left=-25 ! /
videomixer name=mix ! ffmpegcolorspace ! xvimagesink videotestsrc ! video/x-raw-yuv, framerate=10/1, width=640, height=360 ! mix.
(通过,效果略有出入,不透明)
border-alpha,加边框的透明效果
gst-launch -e videomixer name=mix ! ffmpegcolorspace ! xvimagesink /
videotestsrc pattern=1 ! video/x-raw-yuv, framerate=5/1, width=320, height=180 ! videobox border-alpha=0 top=0 left=0 ! mix. /
videotestsrc pattern=15 ! video/x-raw-yuv, framerate=5/1, width=320, height=180 ! videobox border-alpha=0 top=0 left=-320 ! mix. /
videotestsrc pattern=13 ! video/x-raw-yuv, framerate=5/1, width=320, height=180 ! videobox border-alpha=0 top=-180 left=0 ! mix. /
videotestsrc pattern=0 ! video/x-raw-yuv, framerate=5/1, width=320, height=180 ! videobox border-alpha=0 top=-180 left=-320 ! mix. /
videotestsrc pattern=3 ! video/x-raw-yuv, framerate=5/1, width=640, height=360 ! mix.
(通过)
7, gstreamer实现屏墙效果
gst-launch -e videomixer name=mix ! ffmpegcolorspace ! xvimagesink /
videotestsrc pattern=0 ! video/x-raw-yuv, framerate=1/1, width=350, height=250 ! /
textoverlay font-desc="Sans 24" text="CAM1" valign=top halign=left shaded-background=true ! /
videobox border-alpha=0 top=-200 left=-50 ! mix. /
videotestsrc pattern="snow" ! video/x-raw-yuv, framerate=1/1, width=350, height=250 ! /
textoverlay font-desc="Sans 24" text="CAM2" valign=top halign=left shaded-background=true ! /
videobox border-alpha=0 top=-200 left=-450 ! mix. /
videotestsrc pattern=13 ! video/x-raw-yuv, framerate=1/1, width=350, height=250 ! /
textoverlay font-desc="Sans 24" text="CAM3" valign=top halign=left shaded-background=true ! /
videobox border-alpha=0 top=-200 left=-850 ! mix. /
multifilesrc location="pluto.jpg" caps="image/jpeg,framerate=1/1" ! jpegdec ! /
textoverlay font-desc="Sans 26" text="Live from Pluto" halign=left shaded-background=true auto-resize=false ! /
ffmpegcolorspace ! video/x-raw-yuv,format=/(fourcc/)AYUV ! mix.
(修改几个参数后,通过,但效果不好,根据环境不同,所修改的参数不同。在本次试验中,把最后一行的format=/(fourcc/)AYUV去掉,则通过。本来应该显示三个画面,这次经验显示不全,不知道什么原因。不过经调试三个画面都显示了,但是,图片被黑框档掉一块儿,没有示例图片好看)
可执行的命令行:(通过,需多次执行)
gst-launch -e videomixer name=mix ! ffmpegcolorspace ! ximagesink /
videotestsrc pattern=0 ! video/x-raw-yuv, framerate=10/1, width=350, height=250 ! /
textoverlay font-desc="Sans 24" text="CAM1" valign=top halign=left shaded-background=true ! /
videobox border-alpha=0 top=-200 left=-850 ! mix. /
videotestsrc pattern="snow" ! video/x-raw-yuv, framerate=10/1, width=350, height=250 ! /
textoverlay font-desc="Sans 24" text="CAM2" valign=top halign=left shaded-background=true ! /
videobox border-alpha=0 top=-200 left=-450 ! mix. /
videotestsrc pattern=13 ! video/x-raw-yuv, framerate=10/1, width=350, height=250 ! /
textoverlay font-desc="Sans 24" text="CAM3" valign=top halign=left shaded-background=true ! /
videobox border-alpha=0 top=-200 left=-50 ! mix. /
multifilesrc location="pluto.jpg" caps="image/jpeg,framerate=10/1" ! jpegdec ! /
textoverlay font-desc="Sans 26" text="Live from Pluto" halign=left shaded-background=true auto-resize=false ! /
ffmpegcolorspace ! video/x-raw-yuv ! mix.