【Android进阶】RecyclerView之ItemDecoration(一)

前言

RecyclerView 对大家来说,基本使用应该已经比较熟悉,这里就直接跳过,说说ItemDecoration,也算是温故而知新。

  • 【Android进阶】RecyclerView之ItemDecoration(一)
  • 【Android进阶】RecyclerView之缓存(二)
  • 【Android进阶】RecyclerView之绘制流程(三)

什么是ItemDecoration

从字面意思来说,就是装饰,装饰RecyclerView 。这个怎么理解?举几个例子就明白了。
比如说,RecyclerView 如果要加间隔线应该如何做?
这里就要用到ItemDecoration

 DividerItemDecoration mDivider = new DividerItemDecoration(this, DividerItemDecoration.VERTICAL);
 rvDemo.addItemDecoration(mDivider);

DividerItemDecoration 继承于ItemDecoration

public class DividerItemDecoration extends ItemDecoration {}

如何写出比较炫酷的效果?

这里就涉及到自定义ItemDecoration

自定义 ItemDecoration,主要涉及到3个方法

  • 1.getItemOffsets
public void getItemOffsets(@NonNull Rect outRect, @NonNull View view, 
@NonNull RecyclerView parent, @NonNull RecyclerView.State state) {}

其中,outRect为该item在上下左右撑开的距离,默认为 0viewitemparentRecyclerView本身;stateRecyclerView状态,也可以通过其在各组件之间传递参数,这里暂时涉及不到

举个例子

<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="#ff0000"
    tools:context=".deco.DecoActivity">

    <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/rv_demo"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" />

android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

定义一个DemoAdapter,这里使用的是 BaseRecyclerViewAdapterHelper

public class DemoAdapter extends BaseQuickAdapter<String, BaseViewHolder> {


    public DemoAdapter(@Nullable List<String> data) {
        super(R.layout.item_demo, data);
    }

    @Override
    protected void convert(BaseViewHolder helper, String item) {
        helper.setText(R.id.tv_demo, item);
    }
}

然后组装数据,添加ItemDecoration

         List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();

        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            list.add("第" + i + "个item");
        }

        DemoAdapter demoAdapter = new DemoAdapter(list);
        rvDemo.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this));
        rvDemo.addItemDecoration(new DemoDecoration());
        rvDemo.setAdapter(demoAdapter);

DemoDecoration#getItemOffsets

          @Override
        public void getItemOffsets(@NonNull Rect outRect, @NonNull View view, @NonNull RecyclerView parent, @NonNull RecyclerView.State state) {
            super.getItemOffsets(outRect, view, parent, state);
            //outRect就是表示在item的上下左右所撑开的距离,默认值为0
            outRect.set(10, 20, 30, 40);
      }

【Android进阶】RecyclerView之ItemDecoration(一)_第1张图片

可以看到,每个item都会执行getItemOffsets方法,所以,我们可以用这个,为RecyclerView添加间隔线。
比如设置bottom为1,这里就不演示了,有兴趣的同学可以自己试试。

  • 2.onDraw
 public void onDraw(@NonNull Canvas c, @NonNull RecyclerView
                parent, @NonNull RecyclerView.State state) {}

其中,cgetItemOffsets所撑开区域的画布,可以在区域内任意绘图,区域外的话,会被item所遮挡。

举个例子,

        @Override
        public void onDraw(@NonNull Canvas c, @NonNull RecyclerView
                parent, @NonNull RecyclerView.State state) {
            super.onDraw(c, parent, state);
            //getItemOffsets撑开的空白区域所对应的画布,可以在getItemOffsets所撑出来的区域任意绘图。

          c.drawCircle(50, 50, 30, mPaint);
      }

       @Override
        public void getItemOffsets(@NonNull Rect outRect, @NonNull View view, @NonNull RecyclerView parent, @NonNull RecyclerView.State state) {
            super.getItemOffsets(outRect, view, parent, state);
            //outRect就是表示在item的上下左右所撑开的距离,默认值为0
          outRect.set(100, 0, 0, 5);
}

效果图如下
【Android进阶】RecyclerView之ItemDecoration(一)_第2张图片

可以看到,onDraw方法只会执行一次,如果要每个item 前都绘制一个圆,怎么写?

         @Override
        public void getItemOffsets(@NonNull Rect outRect, @NonNull View view, @NonNull RecyclerView parent, @NonNull RecyclerView.State state) {
             int itemCount = parent.getChildCount();

            for (int i = 0; i < itemCount; i++) {
                    View child = parent.getChildAt(i);
                    int cx = child.getWidth() / 2;
                    int cy = child.getTop() + child.getHeight() / 2;
                    c.drawCircle(cx, cy, 30, mPaint);
                }
            }
}

效果图如下
【Android进阶】RecyclerView之ItemDecoration(一)_第3张图片

结合这2个方法,我们是不是可以做个分组效果?先看效果图
【Android进阶】RecyclerView之ItemDecoration(一)_第4张图片


 public DemoDecoration() {
            mPaint = new Paint();
            mPaint.setColor(Color.GREEN);
            mPaint.setTextSize(DensityUtils.dp2px(DecoActivity.this, 16));
        }
  @Override
        public void getItemOffsets(@NonNull Rect outRect, @NonNull View view, @NonNull RecyclerView parent, @NonNull RecyclerView.State state) {
            super.getItemOffsets(outRect, view, parent, state);
            //outRect就是表示在item的上下左右所撑开的距离,默认值为0

            int index = parent.getChildAdapterPosition(view);
            if (index % 3 == 0) {
                outRect.set(0, 100, 0, 5);
            } else {
                outRect.set(0, 0, 0, 5);
            }
        }
        @Override
        public void onDraw(@NonNull Canvas c, @NonNull RecyclerView
                parent, @NonNull RecyclerView.State state) {
            super.onDraw(c, parent, state);
            //getItemOffsets撑开的空白区域所对应的画布,可以在getItemOffsets所撑出来的区域任意绘图。
            int itemCount = parent.getChildCount();
            for (int i = 0; i < itemCount; i++) {
                View child = parent.getChildAt(i);
                int cx = child.getWidth() / 2 - 50;
                int cy = child.getTop() - 50 + DensityUtils.dp2px(DecoActivity.this, 16) / 2;
                int index = parent.getChildAdapterPosition(child);
                if (index % 3 == 0) {
                    String text = "第" + index / 3 + "组";
                    c.drawText(text, 0, text.length(), cx, cy, mPaint);
                }
            }

        }

当然,分组的标题位置算的不太准备,这里只是展示下效果。比较理想的效果,可以参考【Android视图效果】分组列表实现吸顶效果

  • 3.onDrawOver
public void onDrawOver(@NonNull Canvas c, @NonNull RecyclerView parent, @NonNull RecyclerView.State state) {}

onDrawOveronDraw类似,也只会执行一次,并且它是最后绘制的,可以绘制到item上面。

     @Override
        public void onDrawOver(@NonNull Canvas c, @NonNull RecyclerView parent, @NonNull RecyclerView.State state) {
            super.onDrawOver(c, parent, state);

            int itemCount = parent.getChildCount();
            for (int i = 0; i < itemCount; i++) {
                View child = parent.getChildAt(i);
                int cx = child.getWidth() / 2;
                int cy = child.getTop() + child.getHeight()/2 ;
                c.drawCircle(cx, cy, 30, mPaint);
            }

        }

效果图如下
【Android进阶】RecyclerView之ItemDecoration(一)_第5张图片

这个方法又可以做什么效果呢?先看效果图
【Android进阶】RecyclerView之ItemDecoration(一)_第6张图片

可以看到,列表的最上边有一个渐隐效果。
完整代码如下

public class TransDecoration extends RecyclerView.ItemDecoration {
    private Paint mPaint;
    private Xfermode xfermode;
    private LinearGradient linearGradient;
    private int layerId;

    public TransDecoration() {
        mPaint = new Paint();
        xfermode = new PorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.DST_IN);
        linearGradient = new LinearGradient(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 100.0f, new int[]{0, Color.BLACK}, null, Shader.TileMode.CLAMP);
    }

    @Override
    public void onDraw(@NonNull Canvas c, @NonNull RecyclerView parent, @NonNull RecyclerView.State state) {
        super.onDraw(c, parent, state);
        // 此处 Paint的参数这里传的null, 在传入 mPaint 时会出现第一次打开黑屏闪现的问题
        // 注意 saveLayer 不能省也不能移动到onDrawOver方法里
        layerId = c.saveLayer(0.0f, 0.0f, (float) parent.getWidth(), (float) parent.getHeight(), null, Canvas.ALL_SAVE_FLAG);
    }

    @Override
    public void getItemOffsets(@NonNull Rect outRect, @NonNull View view, @NonNull RecyclerView parent, @NonNull RecyclerView.State state) {
        super.getItemOffsets(outRect, view, parent, state);
    }

    @Override
    public void onDrawOver(@NonNull Canvas canvas, @NonNull RecyclerView parent, @NonNull RecyclerView.State state) {
        super.onDrawOver(canvas, parent, state);
        mPaint.setXfermode(xfermode);
        mPaint.setShader(linearGradient);
        canvas.drawRect(0.0f, 0.0f, parent.getRight(), 200.0f, mPaint);
        mPaint.setXfermode(null);
        canvas.restoreToCount(layerId);
    }
}

其中,PorterDuffXfermode为图像的混合模式,详情可参考各个击破搞明白PorterDuff.Mode
LinearGradient为渐变效果,详情可参考自定义控件三部曲之绘图篇(十九)——LinearGradient与闪动文字效果

完整源码 PicRvDemo

你的认可,是我坚持更新博客的动力,如果觉得有用,就请点个赞,谢谢

你可能感兴趣的:(安卓开发)