Ehcache缓存入门实战（附源码）
Ehcache缓存入门实战（附源码）
Ehcache是一个强大、成熟的Java缓存框架，可以非常容易与其他库和框架集成。官网声称Ehcache可以作为TB级别的数据缓存，并且具有高扩展性。目前Ehcache的最新版本是3.1。
本文不会深究缓存背后的原理，只是作为一个使用Ehcache的例子，由于最近需要做一个类似二级缓存的功能，特地学习了下Ehcache。发现Ehcache作为一个本地缓存框架使用还是非常合适的，但是如果扩展到分布式缓存就需要考虑使用Redis这样的分布式缓存框架了。
为了快速入门，这里使用配置文件的方式整合Ehcache。
创建Maven工程，添加pom.xml依赖如下：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
<groupId>com.rhwayfungroupId>
<artifactId>ehcache-demoartifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOTversion>
<name>ehcache-demoname>
<description>ehcache-demodescription>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
<junit.version>4.12junit.version>
<spring.version>3.2.8.RELEASEspring.version>
properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junitgroupId>
<artifactId>junitartifactId>
<version>${junit.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-coreartifactId>
<version>${spring.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvcartifactId>
<version>${spring.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-contextartifactId>
<version>${spring.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-supportartifactId>
<version>${spring.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-aopartifactId>
<version>${spring.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspectsartifactId>
<version>${spring.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-txartifactId>
<version>${spring.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbcartifactId>
<version>${spring.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-webartifactId>
<version>${spring.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-testartifactId>
<version>${spring.version}version>
<scope>testscope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sf.ehcachegroupId>
<artifactId>ehcacheartifactId>
<version>2.8.2version>
dependency>
dependencies>
project>添加Spring配置：application.xml
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache
http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-3.1.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.rhwayfun.ehcache.service.impl" />
<cache:annotation-driven cache-manager="cacheManager" />
<bean id="cacheManager" class="org.springframework.cache.ehcache.EhCacheCacheManager">
<property name="cacheManager" ref="ehcache">property>
bean>
<bean id="ehcache" class="org.springframework.cache.ehcache.EhCacheManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:ehcache.xml">property>
bean>
beans>还需要Ehcache的配置文件：ehcache.xml
<ehcache>
<diskStore path="java.io.tmpdir"/>
<defaultCache
maxElementsInMemory="10000"
eternal="false"
overflowToDisk="true"
timeToIdleSeconds="10"
timeToLiveSeconds="20"
diskPersistent="false"
diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds="120"/>
<cache name="cacheTest"
maxElementsInMemory="1000"
eternal="false"
overflowToDisk="true"
timeToIdleSeconds="10"
timeToLiveSeconds="20"/>
ehcache>在代码中已经对具体的参数含义做了说明，这里不再赘述。这里要注意的是name属性，在后面的测试代码需要使用到它。
编写测试接口：
package com.rhwayfun.ehcache.service;
/**
*
* @ClassName: EhcacheService
* @Description: TODO
* @author ZhongCB
* @date 2016年8月11日 上午11:53:52
*
*/
public interface EhcacheService {
String getTime(String param);
}
接口实现类：
package com.rhwayfun.ehcache.service.impl;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.Cacheable;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.rhwayfun.ehcache.service.EhcacheService;
@Service
public class EhcacheServiceImpl implements EhcacheService {
@Cacheable(value = "cacheTest", key="#param")
public String getTime(String param) {
return String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis());
}
}
注意@Cacheable注解的value属性的值就是ehcache.xml配置文件中的name属性的值。key表示方法的参数param代表的就是缓存的key，通过这个key可以获取到value。
最后编写测试代码：
package com.rhwayfun.test;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import com.rhwayfun.ehcache.service.EhcacheService;
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:application.xml"})
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class EhcacheTest extends AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests{
@Autowired
private EhcacheService ehcacheService;
@Test
public void testEhcache() throws InterruptedException{
System.out.println("第一次调用：" + ehcacheService.getTime("param"));
Thread.sleep(2000);
System.out.println("第二次调用（2秒后）：" + ehcacheService.getTime("param"));
Thread.sleep(10000);
System.out.println("第三次调用（10秒后）：" + ehcacheService.getTime("param"));
}
}
运行该测试类，结果如下：
至此，Ehcache的入门实战就结束了，如果想要更详细了解Ehcache的资料，请访问Ehcache官网。
附：Ehcache入门实战源码